Patients who are conscious, can eat without coughing, and have no difficulty swallowing should be given soft-digested, low-sugar, low-fat and high-protein foods, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, because fresh vegetables, especially green leafy vegetables and fruits, can not only reduce constipation, but also contain rich vitamin C and trace elements, and avoid eating foods that are supersaturated and irritate the gastrointestinal tract.

Nasal feeding is a very important way for coma patients who can't eat. Generally, 2-3 days after illness, the food to be injected by gastric tube should be sterilized at high temperature. The food temperature should be 37-40℃, and the 24-hour liquid demand of adults is generally not less than 2000 ml. The recommended formula of liquid food is: fresh milk 1000 ml, fresh soybean milk 400 ml. 200g of rice flour, 6 fresh eggs, 50g of sugar, 5g of refined salt, 30mg of vitamin C300, 30mg of vitamin B130 and 30mg of B6. The prepared food can be taken in 4-6 times and injected 150-250 ml every 4-6 hours.

Don't inject too fast to avoid vomiting. Under special circumstances, such as sweating and high fever in summer, 500- 1000 ml liquid should be added every day.

cerebrovascular disease

Accidents include: cerebral hemorrhage, subretinal hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis and cerebral embolism.

Symptoms: Sudden onset, including dizziness, headache, vomiting, depression, salivation, angular deviation and hemiplegia, and severe coma and incontinence.

Self-help measures: lie on your side, don't move, and lift it smoothly if necessary;

Remove false teeth, clean up foreign bodies in the mouth and keep the respiratory tract clear. Put an ice pack or water towel on the patient's forehead to reduce intracranial pressure and keep warm.

Nourishing medicated diet for patients with cerebral hemorrhage

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that cerebral hemorrhage is due to the weakness of patients' viscera function, which leads to physical weakness. External factors such as seven emotions (joy, anger, sorrow, joy, sadness, fear) or six evils (wind, cold, summer heat, dampness, dryness and fire) and overeating lead to phlegm and blood stasis, and blood stasis in meridians is blocked.

In view of the fact that the onset of cerebral hemorrhage is related to physical weakness, patients with cerebral hemorrhage should take appropriate supplements.

However, during the onset of cerebral hemorrhage, patients are mainly phlegm and blood stasis, so it is not appropriate to take supplements at will. During hospitalization, it is generally decided by the hospital nutritionist according to the specific situation of the patient.

The symptoms of phlegm and blood stasis in convalescence patients are basically relieved, and the patients' physical weakness is more prominent. Pay attention to diet conditioning at this time. Diet should be light, easy to digest, high in vitamin content, avoid being fat and sweet, quit smoking and drinking, eat more crude fiber foods such as cabbage and radish, and keep the stool unobstructed. With the decrease of fat in diet, the intake of protein should be increased appropriately. It can be provided by lean meat and skinless poultry. You can eat more fish, especially marine fish, and eat a certain amount of bean products every day, such as tofu and dried beans, which is conducive to lowering blood cholesterol and improving blood viscosity. The daily dosage of salt should be small, about 3 grams. You can add salt and mix well after cooking. In order to increase appetite, you can add some vinegar, tomato sauce and sesame sauce when cooking. In addition to seasoning, vinegar can also accelerate the dissolution of fat and promote digestion and absorption. Sesame paste contains high calcium content, which can be supplemented by regular consumption and is beneficial to prevent cerebral hemorrhage. In addition, always drink water, especially in the morning and evening, which can dilute the blood.

Medicinal diet can supplement drug therapy, relieve symptoms, promote the recovery of body function, and prevent and alleviate recurrence. Here I recommend two nourishing medicated diets:

1. Astragalus Pork Soup

Slice 20g of Radix Astragali, 6 Chinese dates, 0/0g of Chinese angelica/kloc, 0/5g of Chinese wolfberry/kloc and 50-100g of lean pork, and add ginger slices and onion slices. After the fire boils, simmer until the meat is rotten, add appropriate amount of refined salt and a little monosodium glutamate, and add sesame oil and pepper oil according to personal preference. Efficacy and kimono: Radix Astragali, Fructus Lycii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, nourishing blood and activating blood, warming and invigorating qi with jujube, rich in lean pork from protein, nourishing yin and moistening dryness. The whole prescription has the effects of nourishing essence, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Take one dose twice a day. It is suitable for patients with cerebral hemorrhage due to kidney deficiency and essence deficiency. The clinical manifestations are: aphasia, palpitation, shortness of breath, weakness of waist and knees, weakness of limbs, numbness of hands and feet, hemiplegia, tooth marks on the fat side of tongue, white fur, deep and thin pulse and weakness. Headache, hyperhidrosis, vexation, bitter taste, dysphoria when moving, red face and eyes, abdominal distension and belching are prohibited. Use with caution in patients with diabetes.

2. Steamed pepper pears with vinegar

Old vinegar, white pepper and two pears. Grind the white pepper into fine powder, cut the pear in half, put the white pepper in, put it on a plate, add vinegar and steam it in a cage until the pear is ripe. Serve. Efficacy and Methods: White pepper, also known as Jade Pepper, contains capsaicin, volatile oil, protein, etc. , can relieve fever, dispel wind and anticonvulsant; Pear, also known as Fast Fruit Jade Milk, contains sugars, organic acids and vitamins, which can promote fluid production, moisten dryness, clear heat and resolve phlegm; Mature vinegar contains higher alcohols, succinic acid, etc. , can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, detoxify and kill insects. The whole prescription has the effects of nourishing yin, clearing heat, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, expelling wind and stopping syncope. Eat one pear at a time, twice a day. Long-term use is beneficial and harmless. This prescription is suitable for patients with cerebral hemorrhage of hyperactivity of liver yang and blood stasis of veins. The clinical manifestations are: hemiplegia, stiff contracture of the affected side, headache and dizziness, red face and tinnitus, dry mouth and throat, red tongue, thin yellow fur, hard and strong pulse. This prescription is forbidden for patients with diabetes complicated with cerebrovascular accident.