White jade: all kinds of nephrite are mainly white, often with grayish green, light blue, brownish yellow, flesh red or purplish gray tones, with fine texture or above, and sugar color less than 30%.
Sugar white jade: a transitional variety of sugar jade and white jade, in which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.
Sugar white jade-suet jade: a transitional variety between sugar white jade and suet jade, in which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.
Blue and white jade: light and medium-tone varieties such as gray-green, blue-gray, yellow-green and so on between white jade and sapphire.
Sugar blue white jade: blue white jade with more sugar color, a transitional variety between sugar jade and blue white jade, in which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.
Sapphire: medium-dark varieties such as gray-green, blue-gray, and occasionally gray-blue tones, which are different in color from blue-white jadeite. Pay attention to the difference between dark gray green sapphire and jasper. Sugar-colored sapphire: a sapphire with more sugar color, a transitional variety between sugar jade and sapphire, in which the sugar color part accounts for 30-85%.
Emerald: turquoise light emerald variety, occasionally found in some producing areas, can also be directly named after sapphire.
Smoke sapphire: smoke gray, gray purple varieties, occasionally found in some producing areas, can also be directly named after sapphire, dark varieties should pay attention to the difference from jet.
Topaz: a variety with different yellow tones from light to medium, often yellow-green, beige, often with gray, green and other tones. Specific identification should pay attention to the difference with light brown sugar jade.
Moyu: Gray-black nephrite, the color-causing factor is that it contains a certain amount of graphite inclusions, so we should pay attention to the difference from green-black jasper when identifying it. Due to the different graphite content and uneven distribution of black shades, the naming method of transitional varieties is the same as above.
Tangyu: nephrite formed by primary or secondary action, dyed red-brown, yellow-brown and dark-brown by iron oxide and manganese. When the sugar color is above 85%, it can be called sugar jade. But if the original jade species can be observed, it can also be named according to the original jade species.
Jasper: turquoise, dark green, dark green and green-black nephrite. There are two kinds, one is produced in the contact zone of acid intrusive rock mass, which is pure and delicate; The other is produced in the contact zone of ultrabasic rocks, which contains many impurities and often contains black mineral inclusions. Even if Jasper is close to black, its flakes are still dark green under strong light. Some jasper is not easy to distinguish from sapphire. Generally, the dark green color is defined as jasper, and the blue-gray color is defined as sapphire.
Master Hotan Huang Yu answered this question.