1. Attention should be paid to strengthening the exercise and health care of the whole body and heart function.
Because the various sensory systems of the human body are interrelated and influence each other, they are interrelated with the higher center of the brain and the whole aging process. If one sensory system is obviously aging, it will directly or indirectly affect the functions of other sensory systems, so that the function of the whole body is damaged, thus accelerating the process of aging of the whole body. Therefore, we should pay attention to strengthening the exercise and health care of the whole body and mind.
2. Give full play to subjective initiative
The decrease of sensitivity will have a certain impact on the quality of life of the elderly. Nevertheless, people's activity ability is not necessarily completely determined by physiological function. Some elderly people have lost the function of some physiological organs for some reasons, but they can correctly understand and treat these organs with a happy mood, strong will, keen intelligence, good wishes and persistent pursuit. Give full play to one's subjective initiative, turn unfavorable factors into favorable factors, give full play to one's potential and make up for one's own shortcomings, and have made amazing achievements.
3. Take active training measures to delay the deterioration of sensory function of the elderly.
Er bang nuan ting
In fact, there are many training activities in Erbang Greenhouse, but most of them are designed according to the evaluation made by the elderly when they move in, which combines physical training, cognitive training and sensory training. The most important principle to help the elderly recover and maintain cognitive function is that the designed training activities can stimulate specific cranial nerves, so that the elderly can rebuild the neural circuits in various functional areas of the brain. Generally, after three months, it will be evaluated to help nurses judge whether to adjust the training difficulty, so as to prevent and delay the degenerative changes of sensory function of the elderly through training activities suitable for their physical and mental state. Ways to deal with the decline of cognitive ability of the elderly
First, strengthen nutrition.
Physiology is the material basis of psychology. Getting balanced nutrition from food can help the elderly to keep healthy and resist various physical and mental diseases, and at the same time, it can slow down the decline of cognitive ability to some extent.
The older generation tend to be frugal, because they come from an era when things are relatively scarce, so they will have the idea that "there is nothing particular about eating and using, but it is good to eat and wear warm clothes", but they do not agree with the view that young people enjoy life now. In addition, some elderly people will be paranoid that they are dependent and usually do nothing for their families. If they can save some food, they will save some money and lighten the burden of the younger generation. So it's often leftovers, so make do with a meal. It will cause malnutrition over time. Actually, medicine is not as good as diet. Take medicine if you are not sick, and pay attention to maintenance at ordinary times. It is not a luxury to have a reasonable nutritional mix according to one's physical condition. After all, people's living standards have generally improved, and they pay attention to food and clothing, which is also allowed by living conditions. The elderly, especially in their daily diet, should appropriately increase the intake of protein, vitamins and minerals, and patients with Alzheimer's Harmo's disease should also supplement lecithin, which is an important part of the brain and is known as the "flower of wisdom". Ginkgo biloba is a food to enhance memory. Eating Ginkgo biloba leaves or related drugs can promote cerebral blood circulation, oxygen and nutrient supply. Estrogen can also improve thinking. Recent studies have found that estrogen supplementation for menopausal women can significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, while estrogen supplementation for female patients with Alzheimer's disease can improve cognitive function and prevent cognitive function from further decline.
At the same time, for elderly friends with serious cognitive impairment, appropriate medication should be used under the guidance of doctors to prevent the symptoms from getting worse. Drug therapy is one of the most commonly used methods for clinical psychiatrists, which helps to relieve symptoms, control the illness, and reduce the burden on family members and the worries of the elderly. The key to medication for elderly patients with mental illness is early, accurate and stable. Take Alzheimer's disease as an example. I have been taking medicine in time. Alzheimer's disease is progressive. The sooner you take the medicine, the more helpful it is to prevent the disease from getting worse. When a large number of cells in the brain get sick or die, it is too late to take medicine. Quasi-prescription refers to different drugs for different Alzheimer's diseases. Taking Alzheimer's disease as an example, common therapeutic drugs include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, cholinergic agonists and acetylcholine releasing agents. Anti-inflammatory drugs also have a certain effect on Alzheimer's disease, and some Chinese herbal medicines can also control the condition of Alzheimer's disease. Sometimes, the elderly may just have symptoms similar to dementia due to some stress events or drug poisoning, so they must be treated differently from real dementia in clinic and treated with caution. Stability means that the dosage should be appropriate, and the absorption and antiallergic ability of the elderly is not as strong as that of the young and middle-aged people. If the dosage is too large or too long, it will easily lead to drug allergy, poisoning or addiction. Therefore, when choosing drugs, we should try to use some drugs that are easy to absorb and have little side effects.
Second, sports.
The significance of exercise to individuals is self-evident. As we all know, "life lies in exercise", the elderly actively participate in physical exercise, which can not only enhance their physical fitness, but also prevent cognitive decline to some extent. For example, aerobic exercise can help inhibit brain atrophy, especially physiological brain atrophy. Studies have shown that after aerobic exercise for 3 hours or more every week, the gray matter and white matter in the brain volume of patients with brain atrophy tend to increase. However, when people are old, their physical fitness is not as good as before. Naturally, it is not suitable to do more sports that require more explosive power, but should do more aerobic exercise to exercise endurance. It's best to choose suitable exercise places and ways according to your own situation and control the amount of exercise. For the elderly who are not in good health, take part in some small-scale sports in the squares of communities and parks, stretch your hand and bend over to exercise your muscles. In addition, doing some "finger exercises", "aerobics" and "acupoint meridian exercises" are all good choices. For example, when the arm rotates repeatedly, the acupoints of the palm and fingers are stimulated, which is conducive to the smooth flow of qi and blood in the meridians of the hands and arms and feedback to the brain, and can also achieve the role of brain health care. However, we should remind our elderly friends that there are a large number of health books on the market, so we should choose books published by trusted publishing houses or doctors, or massage acupoints under the guidance of doctors and qualified masseurs, and never listen to "secret recipes" or "remedies" at will, causing unnecessary harm.
As we all know, exercise can keep you healthy. Yuan Mei, a poet in Qing Dynasty, said that "eighty spirits are better than teenagers, climbing mountains and stepping on clouds", which shows that his usual exercise can make him enjoy victory in the mountains with no effort. In rural areas of China, many old people insist on doing what they can and are very strong. Indeed, our body is like a machine. If it is not used for a long time, it will rust and fail. Only by exercising regularly and giving it a certain lubricant will it work normally.
Third, psychological exercise.
As mentioned above, physical exercise is important for the elderly to prevent cognitive decline. Here, exercise and activities not only refer to physical activities, but also include mental activities. While emphasizing physical fitness, we can't ignore the use of mental energy, and continuous learning is one of the important methods. Cells in the brain need to constantly consolidate connections and form new connections, so that people will become smarter and smarter, otherwise they will only become more and more stupid. According to the research, some people put forward ten common methods to keep the brain flexible and healthy, including: diligent thinking and initiative; Ensure adequate sleep; Read more books and recite more to increase memory; Be good at turning your emotions into the best state; Curious; Always move your fingers; Make more friends younger than yourself in all aspects, so as to keep up with the times and infect the vitality of youth; Beware of depression and stay happy; Slow down arteriosclerosis and prevent diabetes; Comb your hair often (to prevent brain degeneration).
Increasing the stimulation in the living environment is also an important way to help the elderly maintain their cognitive function. Of course, the stimulus here does not refer to the influence of some life events on the elderly, but refers to the activation of the cognitive function of the brain by the rich surrounding environment. Because many patients with Alzheimer's disease live in old-age care institutions or stay at home for a long time and have little contact with the outside world, it is very important to arrange these limited venues. Reasonable design and appropriate increase of various information stimuli can improve the attention, thinking and perception of elderly patients, which can be said to be a very important part of psychological care for Alzheimer's disease. The layout of rooms and activity places should be lively, and it is forbidden to blindly pursue the cleanliness of rooms. Generally, some old people's own works, such as paintings, calligraphy or other decorations, can be placed in the room, and the colors of the room should be varied. If possible, indoor colors and decorations can be adjusted according to different seasons. In addition to the static layout, it is also important to increase the dynamic design of the room, including placing potted flowers in the room and raising some small animals, especially some beautiful birds and insects, which can not only increase the vitality of the room, but also make the room often stimulated by sound. There are two points to note here: First, it is ineffective to increase stimulation information by turning on TV or radio, especially for patients with moderate and severe Alzheimer's disease. These stimuli with no change in frequency and no feedback are meaningless to the elderly; Second, the layout of the room should be updated frequently. No matter how good the design is, invariance will also reduce the effectiveness of stimuli, and sometimes a small change will have unexpected effects.
Combine this with proper rest, such as walking, raising flowers, birds and fish, listening to music, closing your eyes and so on. Many long-lived old people still maintain vigorous vitality when they are old, and the use of mental power is not affected by external aging characteristics. Goethe, a great German writer, finished the second part of Faust at the age of 83, while Zhu Kezhen, a famous scientist in China, devoted himself to science in his later years, and at the age of 82, he finished the article A Preliminary Study on Climate Change in China in the Last Five Thousand Years. Their stories tell us that although we can't stop the process of aging, unremitting efforts and strong confidence are still the killer weapon to hold the throat of fate. Even in old age, as long as we can persist in exercise, think hard and realize the true meaning of life, we can still live a healthy and chic life, which is not inferior to that of young people, because the vitality of the elderly is not superficial, but the deep expression of life experience, which has deeper roots and greater influence. Therefore, the elderly should form a correct concept of health and master certain health preservation methods.