1. Founder of Sui Dynasty: Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, conqueror of the nation: You Yang.

1, Sui Wendi

Sui Wendi Sui Wendi (July 265438 +0-August 65438 +03) was the founding emperor of the Sui Dynasty. Han nationality, a native of Huayin, Hongnong County (now huayin city, Shaanxi Province), is the 14th grandson of Han Taiwei Yang Zhen.

The small print of Xianbei is (King Kong is not bad), and the surname of Xianbei is Pu Liuru, whose surname is given by Yang Zhong, the father of Gongdi in the Western Wei Dynasty. After Emperor Wendi came to power, he restored the Han surname "Yang", so that the Han people who changed their surnames in the Xianbei policy could restore their surnames.

During the period of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, Chen was conquered militarily, which led to the successful reunification of China, which had been seriously divided for hundreds of years, and defeated the Turks, and was honored as "Saint Khan". In terms of internal affairs, China has developed its culture and economy by creating an advanced system of selecting officials, and has become a rich and powerful country. During the reign of the emperor, the Sui Dynasty was a glorious period of agricultural civilization in China, with a vast territory and a population of more than 7 million.

In 1978 written by American scholar Michael H. Hart, the list of 100 celebrities who have influenced the course of human history ranks 82nd.

2. You Yang

You Yang (605 -6 19), the grandson of Yang Di Yang Guang, the third son of Prince Yang Zhao of Yuan De, and his mother was Wei Fei, the emperor of Sui Dynasty.

You Yang was smart and distinguished from his childhood. Wang Chen was first appointed, and later he was appointed king. When Yang Di personally invaded North Korea, he ordered You Yang to stay in Chang 'an. In the 11th year of Daye (6 15), he toured Jinyang with Yang Di, served as the magistrate of Taiyuan, and soon guarded the capital.

In the 13th year of the Great Cause (6 17), Li Yuan invaded Chang 'an, made You Yang emperor, and changed to "Ning". In the second year of Yining (6 18), Li Yuan deposed You Yang, became emperor on his own, and made You Yang a Lord protector, living in Chang 'an. In the second year of Wude (6 19), You Yang was killed at the age of 15 and buried in Zhuangling (now 500m south of Rutai Village, Yang Hong Township, Gan County, Shaanxi Province).

2. The founder of the Tang Dynasty was Li Yuan, and the national death was Li Huan.

Tang Gaozu 1

Tang Gaozu Li Yuan (June 25th, 566 -635), born in Longxi, was the founding emperor of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Yuan was born in a noble family in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. At the age of seven, he attacked Tang Guogong.

During the reign of Emperor Kai, he was appointed as the secretariat of the three kingdoms, namely, Qiaocheng, Dragon and Qi. After Yang Di ascended the throne, Li Yuan served as the magistrate of Xingyang (now Zhengzhou, Henan Province) and Loufan (now Jingle, Shanxi Province). Later, he was called the little supervisor of the temple and was promoted to Wei Wei and Shao Qing.

In the 11th year of Daye (6 15), Li Yuan paid a visit to the envoy of Hedong in Shanxi. In the 13th year of Daye (6 17), I worshipped Taiyuan and stayed behind.

When the world was in chaos at the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan rose from Taiyuan and captured Chang 'an.

In the second year of Yining (6 18), in May of the lunar calendar, Li Yuan accepted the abdication of Emperor Sui Gong, established the Tang Dynasty, made Chang 'an his capital, gradually eliminated the separatist forces in various places and unified the whole country.

In the ninth year of Wude (626), after the change of Xuanwu Gate, Li Yuan abdicated, calling himself the emperor's father, and Zen was in his son Li Shimin.

In the ninth year of Zhenguan (635), Li Yuan died of illness. Wu Tai, posthumous title, whose temple number is Gaozu, was buried in Xianling.

In the first year of Shangyuan (674), it was renamed Shen Yao. In the 13th year of Tianbao (754), in February of the lunar calendar, Emperor Yao Sheng Da and Emperor Yao Xiaoguang.

2. Li Huan

Tang Aidi Lizhu (892 -908), formerly known as Zuo Li, was born in Tang Zhaozong, the ninth son of Ye Li and the last emperor of the Tang Dynasty.

In the fourth year of Ganning (897), he was crowned King Hui. Three years later (903), he was appointed commander-in-chief of the third division of Kaifu instrument and marshal of various military forces. In the first year of God's Blessing (904), after Tang Zhaozong was killed, Jiang Xuanhui forged the testamentary edict and made Lizhu acceded to the throne. Lizhu was deposed after three years in office, and was killed and buried in Wenling the following year, only 17.

In the later Tang Dynasty, Ming Taizu, Li Siyuan and posthumous title called him "Emperor Zhao Xuanguang's filial piety", but the temple name Jing Zong was not adopted, so later generations called him Tang Aidi or Emperor Zhao Xuandi of Tang Dynasty.

Third, the founder of the Northern Song Dynasty: Zhao Kuangyin, and the national subjugator: Zhao Huan.

Zhao Kuangyin 1

Zhao Kuangyin, a native of Song Taizu (March 2, 9271,June 927165438+1October14,976), was the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty (2 1, 927), he was born in Jiamaying, Luoyang, with ancestral home, father Zhao and mother Du. In the later Han Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin defected to Guo Wei in Yin Di. Later, Guo Wei abandoned Han Li Zhou and became the head of the East and West classes, starting his career. Since then, he has made many contributions to the Southern Tang Dynasty.

In the sixth year of Xiande in the Later Zhou Dynasty (959), Zhou Shizong and Chai Rong returned to Beijing for the Northern Expedition and died soon. Zhao Kuangyin was appointed before his death as the commander-in-chief in charge of the imperial army in front of the temple. On the first day of January of the following year (960), the Northern Han and Qidan allied forces invaded the border, and Zhao Kuangyin, then the German punctual proofreader, was ordered to guard against the enemy. On the third night, the army defected in Chen Qiaoyi, 20 kilometers northeast of the capital city of Bianliang. The next morning, the soldiers made Zhao Kuangyin emperor, which was called "Chen Qiao mutiny" in history. The army immediately returned to the capital, and Chai Zongxun, Emperor Gong of the later Zhou Dynasty, acceded to the throne, and Zhao Kuangyin acceded to the throne, which was called "Song" and "Northern Song" in history.

During his reign, Zhao Kuangyin devoted himself to unifying the whole country. According to Prime Minister Zhao Pu's strategy of "south first and then north", the southern separatist regimes such as Jingnan, Wuping, Houshu, Nanhan and Nantang were destroyed successively, and it was not until his younger brother Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi was in office that the great cause of reunifying the whole country was completed. In the second year of Jianlong (96 1) and Kaibao (969), Zhao Kuangyin "released the military power by borrowing wine" twice, which relieved the military power of the imperial generals and local buffer regions and solved the self-sufficiency of local foot soldiers since the middle of the Tang Dynasty. Set up a "sealed pile warehouse" to store money, silk and cloth, so as to redeem sixteen states, which were given to Qidan by Shi Jingtang, the great-grandfather of the late Jin Dynasty. He died fruitless.

In the ninth year of Kaibao (114,976), Zhao Kuangyin died on October 20th at the age of 50, and he was in office for 16 years. He is known as the Emperor Wu Ying, and his temple number is Taizu, and he was buried in Yongchang Mausoleum.

2. Zhao Huan

Song Qinzong (1100-1156), the ninth emperor of the Song Dynasty and the last emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, is the eldest son, half-brother and mother king. At 1 year and 2 months.

Born in Fu Yuan for three years (1 100), he was originally named Zhao Xu, and was named King of Jingzhao County in June of the following year. In the second year of Daguan (1 108), he was promoted to king, and in the fifth year of Daguan (165438).

He is indecisive and capricious, and lacks judgment and sensitivity on political issues. In history, he was a weak and incompetent bad king. He listened to the slanderers of the treacherous court official and dismissed Li Gang. Nomads from the siege of bian city, but unable to resist.

During the Jingkang Rebellion, he was captured by the Jin people and went north. In the 26th year of Southern Song Dynasty (1 156), Shaoxing died in Yanjing at the age of 57 and was buried in Yongxian Mausoleum.

4. The founder of the Southern Song Dynasty was Zhao Gou, and the national conquered people was Zhao Min.

Zhao Gou 1

Song Gaozong Zhao Gou (165438+June 2007 12-165438+20871October 9) was named Deji, the tenth emperor of the Song Dynasty. The first emperor who moved south in the Song Dynasty (reigned from June 2027 to July 24, 1962) was in office for 35 years. Song Huizong, the ninth son of the Northern Song Emperor and the younger brother of Song Qinzong, was once called "Kang Wang". In the early days of Zhao Gou's rule, Li Gang, Yue Fei, etc. Hawks are used. However, seeing the strength of Jurchen in the middle period, he adopted a policy of peace in order to centralize power and strengthen imperial power. Most of the time, he reused Huang Qianshan, Wang Boyan, Wang Lun, Qin Gui and others of the peace faction, executed Yue Fei, and dismissed Li Gang, Zhang Jun, Han Shizhong and other ministers of the Ministry of War.

2. Zhao Min

Zhao Min (1272- 1279), the last emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, reigned for two years and was eight years old. Zhao Min, the youngest son of Du Zong of Song Dynasty, was once named Xin Wang, Guang Wang and Wang Wei. 1279 In March, the Southern Song Dynasty was defeated by the Yuan Army in the naval battle of Yashan, and the whole army was wiped out. Lu Xiufu jumped into the sea at the age of 8 and died. Zhang Shijie, Yang and others also drowned. The last emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty died and the Song Dynasty perished.

5. Temujin, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, and Tuohuan timur, the national subjugator.

1, Temujin

Genghis Khan (165438+May 3 1 062 (April 16th, lunar calendar)-1August 25th, 227), the Khan of the Mongolian Empire, was honored as Genghis Khan, which means "the leader of the four seas". An outstanding politician and strategist in world history. 1 162 (thirty-two years in Shaoxing, Song Gaozong, and two years in Dading, Jin Shizong) was born in the upper reaches of Mobei grassland (now Kent, Mongolia) with the name Temujin. Great Mongolia was founded in the spring of12006. Since then, it has launched many wars of foreign conquest, conquered the Black Sea coast in Central Asia and reached Eastern Europe in the west. 1227 died while conquering Xixia. In October of the second year of Zhiyuan (1265), Kublai Khan honored Genghis Khan as Mao, and in October of the third year of Zhiyuan (1266), the ancestral temple was built and honored, and Genghis Khan of posthumous title was the emperor.

Have a good time.

Bolzigjitkin Tito Moore was born on April 7th 1320, and died on April 28th 1370. June 81333-April 28 1370. Gregorian calendar1July 33319-1September 368 14 was the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty,1September 368 14 returned to Mobei grassland from Dadu, 1368.

6. The founder of the Ming Dynasty was Zhu Yuanzhang and the conqueror of the nation was Zhu Youjian.

1, Zhu Yuanzhang

Zhu Yuanzhang (1328,10,21-1398, June 24th), a native of Haozhou Zhongli (now northeast of Fengyang, Anhui), joined the peasant uprising army and was renamed Bird, with the word Guo Rui, the leader of the peasant uprising army at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the founding emperor of Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang was very poor when he was a child. He used to herd cattle for the landlord. 1344 (four years from Yuan to Zheng Zheng), entered the ancestral temple. At the age of 25, he joined the Red Scarf Army led by Guo Zixing against the Yuan Dynasty. 1356 (16 years ago), was honored as Wu Gong by his subordinates. In the same year, Qing Ji Road was captured and changed to Yingtianfu. 1368 (28th year of Zheng Zheng), Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtianfu, with the title of Daming and the title of Hongwu. Later, it ended the rule of Mengyuan in the Central Plains, pacified Sichuan, Guangxi, Gansu and Yunnan, and finally unified China.

During Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, he ordered farmers to return to farming and reward reclamation; Vigorously engage in resettlement and military camp construction; Organize local farmers to build water conservancy projects; Vigorously promote the cultivation of mulberry, hemp, cotton and other cash crops and fruit and wood crops, he will only enrich the people and restrain the mighty; Ordered the liberation of handmaiden; Reduce the tax burden and severely punish corrupt officials; Send people to all parts of the country to measure land, audit accounts and so on. After the efforts of Hongwu period, social production gradually recovered and developed, which is known as the rule of Hongwu in history. 1380 (in the 13th year of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister and set up three departments, namely, the propaganda department, the sentencing department, the judicial department and the command post, to decentralize and further strengthen the centralization.

1398 (thirty-one year of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang died in Yingtian at the age of 7 1, the temple name was Taizu, and posthumous title was the Great Sage of Kaitian, becoming the Emperor Shen Wenyi and Wu Junde. Bury the Ming tombs in Nanjing.

2. Zhu Youjian

Zhu Youjian (16 1 1 February 6th-1644 April 25th), the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty in China (1627, 10 October 2nd-1644). During his reign, Zhu Youjian made great efforts to employ eunuchs carved from their roots, was diligent in political affairs, frugal and simple, and was imprisoned for six times. He is a young and promising emperor. During his reign, the peasant uprising was rampant, and the Qing dynasty was powerful outside the customs, and it was already in a situation of domestic trouble and foreign invasion. 1644 After Li Zicheng's army entered Beijing, it hanged itself in a crooked-neck tree in Jingshan, at the age of 34. After his death, the temple was named four cases, later changed to Zong Yi and Huaizong. Buried in the Ming tombs.

7. The founder of the Qing Dynasty: Aixinjueluo Nurhachi, the courtier of the nation: Aisin Giorro Puyi.

1, Aixinjue Luo Nurhachi

Qing Taizu Aixinjue Luo Nurhachi (1February 2, 5591-1September 30, 626), the founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty, was fluent in Manchu and Chinese, and liked reading Romance of the Three Kingdoms. At the age of twenty-five, he started to unify the ministries of Jurchen, pacify the pass in the east of China, and established the post-Jin Dynasty in the forty-fourth year of Wanli, and established the separatist regime in Liaodong, thus establishing Yuan's fate. After the Battle of Salhu, Shenyang swept Liaodong and captured more than 70 cities in Liaoning in the Ming Dynasty. 1626, the battle of Ningyuan City was defeated. In April of the same year, Nurhachi led a military expedition to Halka, Mongolia. In mid-July, Nurhachi died of gangrene and was buried in Fuling, Shenyang. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, he was honored as the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. He said that he inherited the great virtues of Heaven, Guang Yun, Shengde, Ren, Wu Duan, He and Gao.

2. Aisin Giorro Puyi

Aisin Giorro Puyi (1February 7th, 906-196765438+1October 17), whose real name was "Wu Ge", whose real name was Yao Zhi, was Haoran, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and the last emperor in the history of China's feudal monarchy. 19 1 1 year, the Revolution of 1911 broke out, Pu Yi abdicated, and the Qing Dynasty officially ended its rule in China. After that, Puyi experienced a short restoration, and in July 2007, 19 12 failed. 1932, with the planning and support of the Japanese Kwantung Army, Puyi became the "emperor" of the puppet Manchukuo with the year number "Kant", also known as Emperor Kant (1934- 1945). 1945 Japan was defeated, 19 was captured by the Soviet red army in August. Five years later, he was sent back to China and detained in Fushun War Criminals Management Office. 1959 65438+On February 4th, Puyi was released from prison by amnesty. 1967 died of illness in Beijing. He wrote about my first half of my life.