General regulations
Laozi is knowledgeable and served as an official in charge of books and classics in the Zhou Dynasty. About the time he was in his seventies, there was chaos in the world, and the princes fought for power.
"Purple gas comes from the east" is a great victory in "Laozi Going through the Customs", which has been passed down through the ages.
In 5 16 BC, there was chaos in Zhou Wang, and the vassal states were keen on power struggle, and wars were frequent, and the people were in dire straits. I was very disappointed with Zhou Wang's room, so he decided to quit his job and go to the west. When I passed the Hangu Pass, Yin, the guard of the Pass, was a man who was good at observing astronomical phenomena. When he saw a purple gas coming from the east, he thought a saint would come and hurried to meet him. I saw an old man coming slowly on a green cow. This is Lao Zi.
This is the origin of the idiom "purple gas comes from the east". Yin entertained Lao Tzu for several days and asked him to write, but Lao Tzu couldn't refuse, leaving a famous five thousand words. The world calls it Tao Te Ching, also known as Laozi or Laozi's Five Thousand Articles. In addition, there is a view in academic circles that the custom that Laozi refers to is not Hangu custom, but scattered custom.
According to records, after I left the book, I rode a big green cow and continued to travel west, and then I didn't hear from him. This has aroused the interest of many archaeologists and historians, and so far no conclusive evidence has been drawn. Some people say that I went to India through quicksand, while others say that I went to India to preach and taught a great disciple like Sakyamuni. Many people in the past dynasties thought that this statement was just made up by Taoism in order to raise itself and belittle other religions. Some people say that Lao Tzu settled in Lintao, Gansu Province in his later years, and taught retired elders to refine inner alchemy, maintain health and cultivate monasticism. After gaining the Tao, he "soared" on Lintao Transcendental Platform.
There is also a saying that Lao Tzu is not going west, but east. It is recorded in Zhuangzi Heaven that Lao Zi left Zhou Shi and "returned home" after leaving his post. Laozi's hometown is in today's Luyi County, Henan Province, not far from Qufu where Confucius is located. Confucius also visited the legendary "Confucius asked Li" Lao Zi. This event is recorded in Zhuangzi, Everything is Wrong, Lv Chunqiu and the Confucian book The Book of Rites asked by Ceng Zi, which shows that Lao Zi's statement of returning to the East after retirement is more reliable.
Lao Zi, Bo Yang, posthumous title (dān). Also known as Li Er. Li Xiang Qu, Guxian County, Chuzhou. China, one of the greatest philosophers and thinkers, is revered by Taoism as the ancestor and a world cultural celebrity. Laozi's philosophy and ancient Greek philosophy together constitute the two sources of human philosophy, and Laozi is honored as "the father of China's philosophy" because of his profound philosophical thoughts. Laozi's thought was passed down by Zhuangzi, and together with Confucianism and later Buddhism, it formed the core of China's traditional thought and culture. Tao Te Ching has more than 1000 foreign language versions, which is the most translated book in China. Laozi's ideological proposition is "inaction", and the ideal political realm is "neighboring countries are facing each other, and the voices of chickens and dogs are heard, and the people do not communicate with each other until they die." Laozi used Tao to explain the evolution of everything in the universe, which is an objective natural law and has the eternal significance of "being independent and unchanging Laozi, being free and not in danger". The book Laozi contains many simple dialectical views, such as that everything has two sides, and the "movement of Tao" can be transformed from opposition, "what is right is strange, what is good is evil" and "what is bad is good, and what is bad is hidden". He also believes that everything in the world is the unity of "being" and "nothing", and "being" and "nothing" are based on "nothing". "The way of heaven, the loss is more than enough, but the way of man is not, and the loss is not enough"; "People's hunger is as much as food tax"; "People die lightly, but they live on it"; "People are not afraid of death. Why are you afraid of death?" . His theory had a far-reaching impact on the development of China's philosophy. His philosophical thoughts and the Taoist school he founded not only made important contributions to the development of China's ancient ideology and culture, but also had a far-reaching impact on the development of China's ideology and culture for more than 2,000 years, affecting the whole world. It is said that the establishment of the ideological system of * * * originated from Laozi's theory.
Because of the strong historical and cultural atmosphere of "purple gas coming from the east" emanating from Hangukou, many overseas tourists have been attracted to appreciate the beautiful style of this historic and magnificent pass. However, there have always been two kinds of views about Laozi's westward journey. One is "Hanguguan" (now northeast of Lingbao County, Henan Province), which is the view of most people. The other is called "Sanguan (now on Dasanling, southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province)". Zhang Bingyu said that Laozi's westward journey passed through Hangu Pass, and the real "going through customs" was going through customs. The reasons are as follows:-I was desperate for the Zhou Dynasty and decided to go far away from other countries and the Zhou Dynasty. If he reached Hanguguan, he would have "passed the customs", but his goal of "going to the Zhou Dynasty" was not achieved, because Hanguguan still belonged to the territory of the Zhou Dynasty.
-As can be seen from the history books, Li Daoyuan has locked the "pass" of Laozi's voyage to the West in the Notes on Water Classics;
-Yin forced Lao Tzu to write a book. The official order was from Longxi (now Lintao, Gansu) at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and Dr. Qin had made a customs clearance order, not a customs clearance order from Hangu. Ge Hong in the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote Bao Puzi, saying, "I went west, met the customs, and saw three views in the shade, so I was happy to get a volume of Tao Te Ching called Lao Zi." This shows that the "straight management" and "management" in Laozi's two classics "Virtue" and "Tao" are scattered management. Wang Keyu, a scholar, believes that Lao Tzu settled in Lintao, Gansu Province in his later years and taught retired people to practice inner alchemy, health preservation and monasticism. After gaining the Tao, he "soared" on Lintao Transcendental Platform. Up to now, there are still some remains in Yuelu Mountain in the east of Lintao County, such as "transcendental platform", "sutra platform", "cornice" and "Wenfeng Tower" (also known as "Bifeng Tower", which is said to be the place where Laozi wrote scriptures and inserted pens). "Zhuangzi Health Master" records the cloud: "Death, Qin lost, out of three." This shows that Laozi died in Guti Road, Longxi, Qin (now Lintao County, Gansu Province), and his old friends in Qin came to mourn and cried three times. After Laozi took off in Lintao, Laozi's descendants flourished here. The Genealogy compiled by Emperor Taizong said: "Li sees thirteen things, and Longxi is the first." Later generations, all Li people in the world called Lao Zi "the ancestor of Taishang".
It is understood that the local people have been worshipping Laozi since Laozi gained the Tao "soaring" in Lintao, and Taoist incense has been flourishing in Lintao since the Eastern Han Dynasty. Today, there are dozens of Quanzhen Taoist temples in Lintao County alone, such as Baiyi Temple, Gongbo Temple, Xi 'an Temple, Bei 'an Temple, Doumu Palace, Wu Wen Temple, Taiping Temple Temple, Zongzhen Temple, Jiuhua Temple, manjuji Temple and Arctic Temple. For more than 2,000 years, every year on March 28th of the lunar calendar, Laozi's "Ascension" Day, Lintao folks have held various activities to worship Laozi. Laozi's descendants lived and worked in Lintao, and many powerful emperors appeared, including Li Yao, Hou Lixin of Longxi, Li Guang, Li Yuan of Tang Gaozong, Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, and Li Bai, a great poet. Two scholars in Gansu believe that it was only after Laozi went to Gansu to settle down in the west that "the Li family in the world stayed in Longxi", which can break the Li family's pulse, and its root is based on Laozi's Li family's pulse. At present, every year, a large number of descendants of Li at home and abroad go to Longxitang in Lintao, Gansu Province to seek roots and worship their ancestors.