Talking about the psychological nursing of the elderly with social progress and economic development. With the gradual extension of the average life expectancy of China's population, the degree of population aging is also increasing, and the mental health problems of the elderly have attracted more and more attention from medical workers. How to improve the mental health level of the elderly and make them spend their old age happily has become an important content of mental health care for the elderly.

Keywords psychological care of the elderly

With the growth of age, the body is gradually aging, and various functions plummet. The psychology of the elderly has also changed more or less, resulting in some mental health problems. According to these characteristics, community nursing provides nursing guidance for the elderly, thus improving their mental health and quality of life.

1 Psychological problems of the elderly and their causes

1. 1 sense of loss Due to the change of social roles, the elderly will feel lost psychologically, thus showing two emotions: some are silent and depressed; Some people are irritable, don't like things around them, and lose their temper for a little thing.

1.2 Loneliness The elderly feel empty and lonely because of widowhood, living alone, retirement, few contacts, changes in social and family status, increased living space or inconvenience in action and communication caused by physical and psychological reasons, and often feel isolated or lonely psychologically, and then feel bored.

1.3 fear that the elderly will feel anxious or fearful psychologically because they are worried about getting sick, declining their self-care ability and increasing their psychological burden, thus showing indifference or impatience.

1.4 Most elderly people with depression suffer from chronic diseases and are threatened with death, resulting in fear and depression. Some elderly people have anxiety and depression because of monotonous life or widowhood, family discord and inner emptiness. Some elderly people suffer from depression, depression and pessimism because of the change of their lifestyle after retirement, and their social interaction is reduced and they lack a sense of belonging.

1.5 forgetful old people's intelligence level drops, and they often forget to take medicine. As a result, the elderly often forget to take medicine. What they just held in their hands, they looked around for a while, forgot to close the door when they went out, and then asked themselves, am I closed? Forgetfulness often makes the elderly miss the past and affects their mental health.

1.6 economic situation at present, the economic income of the elderly in China is generally lower than that of employees. Coupled with the gradual increase in the cost of medical services, the economic resources of the elderly lack independent and reliable protection. The rural elderly mainly rely on their own labor and the supply of their children, which directly affects their nutrition, living conditions and enjoyment of medical and health services, thus affecting their physical and mental health.

2 psychological care of the elderly

2. 1 Regularly carry out health education for the elderly, introduce the basic knowledge of diseases, treatment and rehabilitation methods, help the elderly to correctly understand diseases, enhance their self-care and nursing ability, and guide them to establish strong beliefs and correct views on life and death.

2.2 Help the elderly to adjust their emotions. Nurses should give special care to the elderly, give warm care, reduce their mental stimulation, help the elderly to face diseases and problems in their lives positively, establish a correct attitude and confidence in treating diseases, and tell and demonstrate various emotional adjustment methods to the elderly, such as self-education, activity transfer, communication adjustment, environmental adjustment and appropriate venting. 2.3 Maintain a harmonious family relationship. The more people the elderly care about and get close to, the more fulfilling their lives will be. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a harmonious family relationship. In nursing work, community nurses should keep in touch with the families of the elderly, educate their families to cooperate closely, pay more attention to the elderly, especially those who are widowed and have physical diseases, comfort and enlighten their families, so that the elderly can maintain an open-minded and optimistic attitude and reduce their loneliness and fear.

2.4 Actively participate in various activities, cultivate appropriate hobbies, and encourage the elderly to participate in appropriate activities, such as singing, dancing, listening to music, playing Tai Ji Chuan, practicing Qigong and fitness activities. Maintain the metabolic balance of the body, promote physical and mental health, delay aging, enrich the life after retirement, and encourage the elderly to take part in some jobs within their ability and make contributions to society.

2.5 Maintain an optimistic and cheerful personality Nurses guide the elderly to maintain an optimistic attitude, be full of curiosity, cultivate interest in life, and always maintain a positive attitude towards life. Old people should learn to tap their happiness and open-mindedness, and even want to use their precious resources. As long as everyone can be optimistic and open-minded and maintain a positive attitude towards life, the quality of life and the value of life will be further improved.

2.6 Strengthen the governance quality of the elderly and encourage them to study hard, use their brains scientifically and be good at using scientific knowledge for health care. They not only exercised their intelligence, but also learned the skills of self-care and nursing. There is a saying that "it's never too old to learn", and the elderly have a lot to learn, such as self-care, sociology of aging, psychology of aging, home economics and so on. At the same time, they can also learn about major events at home and abroad, understand social changes, update their concepts and keep up with the times.

3 abstract

Solving the psychological problems of the elderly is of great significance for the elderly to have a healthy body and a good attitude, and it has also become one of the important contents of nurses' work today.

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