"Tao" can be expressed in words, and it is not an ordinary "Tao". "Name" can also be clarified, and it is not an ordinary "name". "Unknown (intangible)" is the beginning of all things, and "famous (tangible)" is the root of all things. Therefore, there is often no desire to understand the intangible subtlety; There is always a tangible desire to run the track. Both "nameless" and "intangible" originate from "Tao", which constitutes two different forms and realms of "Tao" and refers to the same thing. Profound and profound, this is the gateway to understand the mysteries of all things.

chapter two

The world knows that beautiful things are beautiful, and this is ugliness; Everyone knows that good is bad. Existence and nothingness are transformed into each other, and the difficulty and difficulty complement each other, the length and length complement each other, the height complement each other, the sound corresponds to the sound, and the end follows the end, all of which are consistent (can not be neglected). Therefore, the sage acts with an attitude of inaction, implements enlightenment without words, and lets everything go with the flow without being created. (He obeys nature, though) He has done something, but he has no intention of his own, and he has succeeded without pretending to be himself. Because he is not alive, his achievements will not leave him.

chapter three

Do not admire talented people, so that people will not compete with each other; Do not pay attention to rare property, so that people do not steal; Don't show off anything that can stimulate greed, so that the people won't destroy the existing order. Therefore, the sage's principles of governing the country are: simplifying people's thoughts (making them empty), filling people's stomachs, weakening people's aspirations, strengthening people's physique, and making people have no knowledge and no desire forever. Only by making them understand that there is no need to make progress and do something, so it is not good without governance.

chapter four

Tao is empty (just like the space in a vessel), but it will not be full when used. Far-reaching influence! It's like the ancestor of all things. Destroy its sharpness, destroy its confusion, reconcile its light, and confuse its dirt. Disappear! There seems to be nothing but existence. I don't know whose heir it is, but it seems to be the ancestor of the Emperor of Heaven.

chapter five

There is no goodness in heaven and earth. It regards everything as "straw dogs", and neither is a saint. He regards the people as "straw dogs". Isn't heaven and earth like bellows? There is nothing, but it is inexhaustible. The more you move, the stronger the wind. It is better to remain empty than to have knowledge and skills.

Chapter vi

The God who nurtures all things is eternal, which is called "Xuanzang". The gate of Xuanzang is called the root of heaven and earth. Endless! That's how it exists! You won't feel inadequate when you use it.

Chapter VII

Forever and ever. Heaven and earth can exist for a long time because they don't live for themselves, so they can last for a long time. Therefore, the sage can stay ahead of others by retreating modestly; Keep yourself out of it, so that you can survive. Isn't it because of his selflessness? This can satisfy his personal interests.

Chapter VIII

Lofty virtue is like water. Water has (all kinds of) virtues, it is beneficial to all things and calm, staying in places that people hate, so it is close to "Tao". (Good people) are good at choosing land (like water, avoiding high potential and following nature), keeping quiet (like water, moistening things silently, profound and profound), learning from God (like water, moistening things silently, fair and equal), speaking (like water, blocking things will stop, making decisions will flow), being good at keeping promises, governing the country and doing things (like water, purifying pollution). Because there is no dispute, there is no accusation.

Chapter 9

Let go before it's too late. Forging is sharp, but you can't keep your edge. A house full of gold and jade, no one can save it. Precious and proud, is to leave harm to yourself. Retirement after success is the "Tao" of heaven.

Chapter 10

Is the unity of human nutrition, essence and spirit inseparable? Breathe, breathe, luck, so calm, can you be as soft as a baby? Can there be no flaws in eliminating inner distractions? Love the people and save the country, can you not use wisdom? Can people live quietly and obediently? Smart and understanding, can you not rely on knowledge? Giving birth to all things, giving birth to all things without appropriation, and raising all things without domination are called profound "virtues".

Bankruptcy reorganization protection

Thirty spokes converge into a hub, and the empty space in the hub makes the car work. Burning clay, making a vessel, and the empty space in the vessel (so that things can be loaded) has achieved the function of the vessel. Digging doors and windows, the empty doors and windows (allowing light to enter, people and air to enter and exit) realize the function of the room. ("You" brings utility to people because "Nothing" works) So "You" should be regarded as benefits (brought by "Nothing"), while "Nothing" should be regarded as functions (bringing various benefits).

Chapter XII

Colorful is dazzling, horse hunting is exciting and crazy, rare treasures (arouse people's greed) make people behave badly, five flavors (increase people's appetite, eventually) make people taste bad, and five tones (deafening) make people lose their hearing. Therefore, the governance of saints (guidelines) is: but seek to fill the stomach, not to look pleasing to the eye. So he abandoned the latter and chose the former.

Chapter 13

Cherish humiliation to fear it, and attach importance to suffering as much as yourself. What do you mean, if you are surprised? Cherish shame for inferiority, gain it, surprise it, lose it, and fear it. This is called great shame. What do you mean, if you are in big trouble? I am worried because I have this body. When I have no body, what troubles will I have? Therefore, only those who advocate to govern the world can entrust the world to him; How can you entrust the world to someone who doesn't want to rule the world with his life?

Chapter 14

Turning a blind eye is called invisibility. Listening without hearing is called silence. If you can't touch it, it's called disappearing. These three can't be distinguished clearly, so they are mixed together. The "one" thing is not illusory at first, and then it is immortal and endless! Unable to describe and describe in detail, it repeatedly returns to an invisible, silent and colorless state. This is called a shape without a specific shape, and there is no image of a specific thing. This is called hiding and not seeing. Follow it, you can't see behind it; When you meet it, you can't see its front. Grasping the ancient "Tao", using it to control the existing concrete things and understand the beginning of ancient times (everything) is called the outline of "Tao".

Chapter 15

In ancient times, people who were good at practicing "Tao" were implicit, profound, accessible, profound and indescribable. Because I can't describe it, I can only describe him helplessly: (he) is cautious and slow! Like wading across a river in winter. Plan and calculate! It's like being afraid of your neighbors. Serious and solemn! Just like a guest. Loose and loose! It's like ice melting. Chaos and ignorance! Such as raw materials. How thick and deep! How wide and empty it is, it is as difficult to see through as muddy water! Like (an empty valley). When the turbid level calms down, it will gradually become clear. When something quiet moves, it will change slowly. Those who maintain this "Tao" do not pursue perfection. Therefore, we can be satisfied with being old and broken, not perfect.

Chapter 16

Reaching the realm of nothingness is the extreme and the end. To remain still is to have no deviation (the root of all things). Everything is rising and developing, so I watch them decrease. Although things in nature change all the time, they eventually return to their original places, which is called "quietness". "Quiet" means returning to the starting point of life. Going back to the beginning of life is an eternal law. It is wise to know this rule. If you don't know this rule, you are ignorant. Ignorant action is bound to be dangerous. Only by knowing this rule can we be tolerant. Everything is fair and just, and justice will lead to the destination of the world. The destination of the world will come from nature (without compulsion), and coming from nature is in line with the Tao. It lasts for a long time and will not be life-threatening.

Chapter 17

The best monarch (governing by doing nothing), the people only know his existence; Secondly, the monarch, those close to him, praise him; Thirdly, the monarch, the people fear him; The second monarch, the people despise him, despise him. The monarch lacks credibility, so people don't trust the monarch. Deliberately! He refused to speak easily. When we succeeded, the people (I don't know from the monarch) said that we were like this.

Chapter 18

Therefore, it is righteous to abandon the great Tao. Wisdom appears, and this is fraud. It's filial piety for six parents to be at odds. The country is in chaos, so there are upright ministers.

Chapter 19

Giving up intelligence and wisdom will increase the interests of the people by a hundredfold. Abandoning "benevolence" and "righteousness", the people return to a state of filial piety and kindness. Abandon skills and self-interest, thieves will disappear. As an organized text, these three sentences are not complete enough, and should be added: the truth appears, keep the inner simplicity, reduce selfishness and desire, give up learning and don't worry.

Chapter 20

What's the difference between obedience and scolding? Beauty and ugliness, what's the difference? People who are afraid of others must not be afraid of others. This strict division of opposing poles and their affirmation or negation are meaningless, which is the moral principle I pursue. Forever, without end! Everyone is so happy, just like attending a sumptuous banquet, and like going to the stage to overlook it in spring (so comfortable). I am cold and indifferent, just like a baby can't laugh yet. Tired and sleepy! Just like being homeless, everyone has a surplus, and I have a unique loss. I am really a fool's heart, so stupid! The world is so awake, and I am so dizzy alone! The world is so smart, I am so confused! Hidden and unknown! Like forever, there is no end. Everyone has a set of useful skills, but I am stupid and ignorant. I just want to be different. I worship drawing nutrition from my mother ("Germany") who raised everything.

Chapter 21

The appearance of "great virtue" only changes with "Tao", which is disconsolate and unclear. I don't know! (Visible) Ah! How melancholy! I don't know! There are (real) things in it! Hide! It's so boring It contains the essence of everything. This essence is very real, which contains some really reliable things. From today to ancient times, its form (consistency) has not changed, but follows the appearance of the beginning of everything. How can we know the original situation of everything? That's it.

Chapter 22

People who brag and raise themselves will not achieve anything; Self-proclaimed, but not obvious; Self-recommendation, not self-evident; Blow your own horn, but be slow to respond; People who think they are capable cannot lead. As far as Tao is concerned, this is called: food that is too greasy (so as to spoil people's taste) and gild the lily. People hate it, so people who pursue it don't do it.

Chapter 23

Only mistakes can be redeemed and mistakes can be corrected. When you are depressed, you can fill up your savings. When you are old, you can bring forth the new. You can gain something with less. If you have more, you will be confused (no income). Therefore, saints hold "one" (the source of all things) and regard it as the norm of the world. Not self-styled, so famous; It is not self-recommendation, so it can be self-evident; Don't praise yourself, so you have something to recommend; If you think you are not virtuous, you can have a high status. Because there is no dispute with others, no one can argue with him. The ancients said that compromise and preservation are similar. Indeed, security can be summarized in this sense.

Chapter 24

It's natural not to talk. The whirlwind can't blow all morning, and the rainstorm can't last all day. Who made them like this? Heaven and earth can't last long, let alone people! Therefore, the Tao should be the same, the virtue should be the same, and those who lose in the Tao will lose together. Being both "virtue" and "Tao" also have him. Like "loss", "Tao" also lost him.

Chapter 25

There is a kind of thing, which is mixed into one, and it was produced before the formation of heaven and earth. Silence! It exists independently and never changes, and can be regarded as the root of heaven and earth. I don't know its name, so I call it Tao. All things return to the Tao and are all-encompassing, so they are reluctantly named "Da". (But the Tao does not dominate them, and everything can leave it, so) "big" can be called "far", and (if it is gone for a long time, it will be far away, so) "far" can be called "far". The road is big, the sky is big, the land is big, and the king is big. There are four universes, and Wang is one of them. People take the method of land, land takes the method of heaven, heaven takes the method of Tao, and Tao takes its own method.

Chapter 27

Good at walking, no traces of coming and going; There is nothing wrong with a good talker; Good at calculation, no chip; Those who are good at closing have no latch, but no one can open it; Those who are good at knotting have no rope, but no one can untie it. Therefore, saints are always good at (conforming to nature) complaining about others, not abandoning people, and giving up everything. This is called subtle and obscure wisdom. Therefore, good people are teachers of good people, and bad people are the capital that good people take as a warning. Ignoring his teachers and cherishing capital, although seemingly clever, is actually a great confusion, which is called the essence of mystery.

Chapter 28

Know (what) is strong, but be weak, and be willing to be blasphemous in the world. If you are willing to be a stream in the world, the common "virtue" will not be lost. Ordinary "virtue" will not be lost, but will return to the (simple) baby state. Know (what is) innocence, but keep it dirty and be willing to be the valley of the world. Being willing to be the valley of the world, ordinary "virtue" is enough. If ordinary "virtue" is enough, it will return to simplicity. Know (what is) a clear distinction, but be content with the darkness and be willing to set an example for the world (darkness). Willing to set an example for the world, ordinary "virtue" will not make mistakes. Ordinary "virtue" will not make mistakes, and then return to endless "Tao" The "park" was separated (out of its original state) and became a concrete thing. Sages play their roles and become their own masters. The Supreme Court system did not cut "simplicity".

Chapter 29

I don't think he can achieve his goal if he wants to win the world. This mysterious thing in the world cannot be cut. Cutting it will destroy it, holding it will lose it. (Because it's against nature. Under natural circumstances, everything is wave upon wave. Some are hot, some are cold; Some are strong, some are broken; Some (play) gain (function), and some (play) destroy (function). So saints (only follow nature) get rid of excessive and extreme things.

Chapter 30

Use "Tao" to assist the monarch, and build the world bravely without force. I like to repay your fight (which will eventually make people pay for it). Where the army has been stationed, there are many thorns. A good fighter should only succeed. Don't be brave. Don't be proud of success, don't think you have talent, don't brag about success, success is forced by environment and has to be so. What belongs to the above situation is called success but not strength. Everything flourishes and therefore (prematurely) ages, which is called not conforming to the Tao. Do not conform to the Tao, die early.

Chapter 3 1

Weapons are ominous things. People hate it again. So people who want things don't use them. Gentlemen generally live on the left and lead troops to fight on the right. Therefore, weapons are not the (all) things of gentlemen, weapons are ominous things, and gentlemen should use them. Sharp and easy-to-stab weapons are better. But don't boast about good weapons. If you praise them, you like killing people. If you like killing people, you can't succeed in the world. So auspicious events are on the left and funerals are on the right. Therefore, the local generals are on the left and the upper generals are on the right. This means dealing with the war according to the funeral. There are many murders, so we should treat them with sorrow. If you win a battle, you should treat it as a funeral.

Chapter 32

Tao is often invisible. "Park" is small and insignificant, but no one in the world dares to rule it. If the monarch can hold it, everything will come naturally. Heaven and earth (yin and yang) cooperate with each other, and people do not give instructions, so they naturally give them evenly. Invisible development is tangible, and the (all things) form already exists. How can we know that enough is enough? Knowing that enough is enough (no dispute), so there is no danger. (You mainly understand these truths, keep it simple, and govern by doing nothing), so that "Tao" exists in the world, just like a stream flowing into rivers and seas.

Chapter 33

Only people with knowledge and experience can recognize others. It is wise to know yourself. Have the power to defeat others. It is powerful to overcome yourself. Content wealth. Strive to implement with great ambition. People who don't lose their proper position (don't make mistakes) can last long. A long life that will not be forgotten.

Chapter 34

"Tao" is like a flooded river (boundless)! Can be left or right, omnipotent. You don't call yourself a merit if you succeed. Everything belongs to it, but it doesn't dominate them. It never has desire, which can be called tiny. Everything belongs to it, but it is not their master, which is great. Therefore, the sage can be great because he does not pursue greatness, so he is great.

Chapter 35

Adhering to the great "Tao", everyone in the world returns to their hearts. If you don't interfere with each other when you go home, you will be safe. Music and food, (attractive, but) excessive enjoyment will make people want to stop. ("Tao" is not like this) So what "Tao" says can be called bland! Look at it, you can't see it, listen to it, you can't hear it. Use it, but there is no end.

Chapter 36

If we want to suppress it, we must deliberately expand it. If we want to weaken it, we must strengthen it purposefully. If you want to get rid of it, you must kiss it on purpose. If you want to take it, you must give it on purpose. This is called profound and subtle wisdom. Take the side of the weak and defeat the strong. Fish cannot escape from the abyss. This is a sharp weapon of the country, and others can't see it.

Chapter 37

Tao is often invisible. If you can keep it, everything will be imperceptible. Change and desire sprout, I will use (ignorance without desire) to stabilize them, and they will not feel insulted. If they don't feel insulted, they will be quiet, upright and selfless.

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Chapter 38

The high-level "virtue" is not expressed as a formal "virtue", so it is the real "virtue". The low-level "virtue" sticks to the formal "virtue", so there is actually no "virtue". High-level "virtue" does nothing and uses its "virtue" at all costs. High-level benevolence has done something, but its actions are not enough to show that its high-level righteousness has done something, but its actions are enough to show its righteousness. High-level "rites" did something, but no one responded, so they rolled up their sleeves and stretched out their arms, forcing people to act according to the rites. Therefore, I lost the "Tao" and then lost the "virtue"; Lose "virtue" and then lose "benevolence"; Lost "benevolence" and then lost "righteousness"; Lost the "righteousness" and then lost the "ceremony". "Rite" is the dilution of loyalty and is the chief culprit of chaos. The prophet foresaw this thing, but it was the vain expression of Tao and the beginning of ignorance. Therefore, a gentleman is sincere but not thin, simple and vain. So he gave up being thin and wanted to be thick.

Chapter 39

Since ancient times, those who have won the "One" mean that the sky is clear, the ground is flat, the "One" means that the valley is full, and the Marquis becomes the king of the world. (But) this situation has reached the extreme, so it can be said that if the sky has been clarified, it will eventually collapse; Keep quiet, and you will eventually collapse; God keeps working, and in the end he may fail; Sichuan valley keeps pouring into it, and I'm afraid it will eventually dry up; Marquis is getting more and more noble and high above, and I'm afraid he will eventually collapse. Therefore, if you are really noble, you should build yourself on the base of meanness. If you are really tall, you must base yourself on meanness. Therefore, Hou Wang called himself a "loner", "widower" and "not a valley". Is this the root of the prince's humbleness? No (this is modesty for a good name). So if you attract too much praise, you won't get it. So don't be as noble as jewelry, and don't be as hard as rock.

Chapter 40

First-class scholars heard that they had to work for. At noon, when the scholar heard this, he felt as if there was nothing, and he was dubious. The inferior scholars laughed when they heard the word "Tao". You can't cry without laughing. Therefore, some people say: understanding Xiao Yi's Tao is as complicated as confusion, as entering the Tao retreats, as straight as oblique, as high as low and insufficient, as successful as stealing peace, as faithful and sincere as treachery, as extreme as square without edges and corners, and as great artifacts can be completed slowly. Tao is grand and intangible. Only "Tao" can be a good beginning and a good end.

Chapter 4 1

Transformation in the opposite direction is the movement of Tao. (Tao works through weakness) Weakness (inaction) is the expression and product of Tao. Everything in the world produces tangible things, and tangible things produce intangible things.

Chapter 42

"Tao" (the origin of the universe) produces "one" (unified vitality), "one" produces "two" (heaven and earth), "two" produces "three" (Yin Qi and Yang Qi mix yin and yang), and "three" produces everything. Everything contains two opposing aspects of Yin and Yang, and harmony is based on the moderate mixing of Yin and Yang. Although the world hates "loneliness", "widowhood" and "no valley", the (noble) princes call themselves. (So) something hurts it but benefits it, and benefits it but harms it. Therefore, if others teach others, I also say to teach others. Therefore, people who are too tough will not die naturally. I think this is the beginning of enlightenment.

Chapter 43

The weakest thing in the world can ride on the hardest thing in the world. Empty objects can enter objects without gaps. So I know the benefits of doing nothing. Nothing in the world can compare with the benefits of enlightenment without words and actions.

Chapter 44

Which is closer, fame or life? Which is more important, life or property? Which is more worrying? Being too stingy will inevitably cost a lot of money, and collecting too much will inevitably cause great losses. So contentment will not lead to humiliation, and knowing that enough is enough will not lead to danger, so it will last for a long time.

Chapter 45

Extremely complete, just like incomplete, its function will not be destroyed. Extremely empty, its functions will not be exhausted. Extreme integrity is like bending over, extreme dexterity is like clumsiness, extreme redundancy is like inadequacy, and extreme eloquence is like slowness. Impatience (makes people sweat all over) is enough to resist the cold. Quiet is enough to bear the heat. I hope quiet people can become the king of the world.

Chapter 46

If there is a way in the world, you will dismount and run for a horse and take agriculture as your industry. There is no Tao in the world. War continued, even pregnant mares were requisitioned, so the war horse was born in the suburbs. There is no greater evil than arousing people's greed, no greater evil than not being satisfied, and no more painful disaster than greed. So with contentment, there will never be a shortage.

Chapter 47

Don't go out, but know the world; I don't look out of the window, but I know "heaven". The farther you go out, the less you know. Therefore, saints can understand without traveling, understand without looking, and succeed without doing anything.

Chapter 48

Those who learn and ask make progress day by day, and those who hear the Tao lose day by day. Lose and lose, so there is nothing to lose. Nothing can be done without loss. If you want the world, you must do nothing forever. When something is done, it is not enough to win the world.

Chapter 49

Saints have never been selfish, but take the people as their heart. If the people have a kind heart, he (of course) thinks it is good, and he also thinks it is good, which (makes people feel good, so) becomes better. If the heart is true and credible, he (of course) believes it; What is not credible, he also regards it as credible and makes everyone trustworthy. Saints gather harmoniously in the world (selfless desire, no opinion, no partiality, no compulsion) and become a profound and broad heart of the world (people). People pay attention to him, listen to him, and saints make them all look like babies again.

Chapter 50

When a person is born, he will fall into death. Among them, (strong vitality, after birth) survived, three tenths; (weak vitality) birth and death, three out of ten; And people (who have strong vitality and could have survived) often die because of poor health, and there are three in ten. What is the reason? This is because of health preservation. It is said that people who are good at maintaining their lives do not avoid tigers when walking in the mountains, and enter the enemy lines without armour or weapons. There is no place for them to try horns, tigers show their claws, and weapons use sharp edges. What is the reason? This is because he did not enter the situation of death.

Chapter 5 1

"Tao" gives birth to all things, and "virtue" nurtures all things; Therefore, everything presents various forms and constitutes concrete objects. Therefore, everything respects "Tao" and advocates "virtue". Respect for "Tao" and "virtue" has never been made by anyone, and it has always been natural. "Tao" gives birth to everything, nurtures everything, grows everything, becomes everything, transforms everything, nurtures everything and protects everything. Being born without taking it for yourself, doing something without relying on yourself, being long but not dominating, is called far-reaching "virtue".

Chapter 52

A beginning in the world can be regarded as the root of all things in the world. Now that we have got the root of everything, we can know everything in the world. Since we know everything in the world and stick to the root of everything, there will be no danger to our lives. Block your eyes, ears, nose and mouth, close the door of perception and understanding, and never worry about it for life. Open your eyes, ears, nose and mouth, achieve your own things, and you will not be cured for life. Seeing a little knowledge is called "Ming", and staying weak is called "strong". Using the subtle light of wisdom (of Tao) to return to the "bright" state (in order to understand everything in the world) and not leave a disaster for yourself is called copying the eternal "Tao".

Chapter 53

If I am really wise, I will take the main road and be afraid of going astray. The road is flat, but people like to take the mountain road. The palace is neat, the fields are barren and the warehouses are extremely empty. However, (the ruler) still wears literary clothes and holds a sharp sword, eating and drinking all day and accumulating money. It's called theft. Theft is prevalent, which is not the right way.

Chapter 54

Those who do good deeds can't be changed, those who do good deeds can't leave, and future generations will continue to sit without offering sacrifices to him. Cultivate one's morality by "Tao", and its "virtue" must be true. Governing the family with "Tao", his "virtue" is more than enough. Governing the countryside with "Tao" will increase its "virtue". Governing the country by Tao is rich in virtue. Rule the world by Tao, and its "virtue" will be broad. Look at people with (Germany), look at home with (Germany), look at the country with (Germany), look at the country with (Germany), and look at the world with (Germany). What do I rely on to understand the world situation? This is what I rely on.

Chapter 55

A person with profound virtue is like a newborn baby. Bees, scorpions and poisonous snakes don't hurt him, raptors and beasts don't catch him, and (he) has weak bones and strong evidence. He doesn't know how to have sex, but his genitals are erect, because he is full of vitality. (He) cried all day, but he was not angry, (because) harmony was to the extreme. Harmony is the eternal law, and understanding harmony is wisdom. Prolonging life span artificially is called disaster, using (losing) essence attentively is called courage, and everything is thriving (not trying to maintain harmony) is called aging (premature) that does not conform to the Tao. Do not conform to the Tao, die early.

Chapter 56

A wise man does not speak, but a speaker is not wise. Blocking the eyes, ears, nose and mouth, closing the door of perception, reconciling its brilliance, confusing its dirt, eliminating its spirit and dispelling its confusion are called mystery and abstinence (harmony with the Tao). So (such a person) can't get close to him or alienate him; Can't benefit him, also can't make him suffer; You can't make him noble or humble. So (such people) are valued and admired by the whole world.

Chapter 57

It is surprising to govern the country in a fair way.

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