As early as the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, our people had the concepts of south to Japan and north to Japan. Subsequently, people divided the year into 24 equal parts according to the natural phenomena such as the running position of the sun and the moon at the beginning and middle of the month, the weather and the growth of animals and plants. And give each equal part a proper noun, that is, twenty-four solar terms. By the end of the Warring States Period, solar terms had eight names: beginning of spring, Equinox, Long Summer, Summer Solstice, beginning of autumn, Equinox, beginning of winter and Winter Solstice. These eight solar terms are the most important of the 24 solar terms. Mark the seasonal changes and clearly divide the four seasons of the year.

By the Qin and Han Dynasties, the 24 solar terms had been completely established.

The book Huai Nan Zi has exactly the same name as the modern twenty-four solar terms.

In BC 104, the taichu calendar written by Deng Ping officially set 24 solar terms in the calendar, and defined the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms.

In ancient times, solar terms were called "qi", and there were two qi in each month: the former was called "solar terms" and the latter was called "neutral qi". The monthly distribution of the 24 solar terms is shown in the following table, which is closely related to the arrangement of the lunar leap month. In the lunar calendar, beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms. The names of the 24 solar terms are named according to the place pointed by Dougang and the natural climate and landscape at that time. The so-called fighting means that the three stars of the Big Dipper, Kuixing, Xingxing and Yuxing, point to different directions and positions with the movement of celestial bodies, and the positions they refer to are the months they represent. For example, the first month is cloudy, dusk refers to cloudy, midnight refers to cloudy, and daytime refers to cloudy. February is the base, at dusk, at midnight, during the day, and so on.

[beginning of spring] February 3rd-5th. When the sun reaches longitude 3 15 degrees, it is the beginning of spring. Beginning of spring should prevent diseases and protect health. Pay attention to indoor ventilation and strengthen physical exercise. In addition, we should pay attention to the health care of oral cavity and nasal cavity.

Appropriate: Spicy, sweet, warm and divergent foods should be light and delicious. Glutinous rice, rice and corn are recommended as staple foods. Vegetables recommended are white radish, leek, coriander, rape, onion, pepper, wormwood, Chinese cabbage, fennel, Chinese cabbage, celery, spinach, lettuce, bamboo shoots, white gourd, pumpkin, loofah and eggplant.

Avoid: Avoid eating sour food, greasy and cold food, and eat less sticky and greasy things to avoid hurting the spleen and stomach. Vegetables include tomatoes. Fruits include citrus, orange, grapefruit, apricot, papaya, loquat, hawthorn, olive, lemon, pomegranate and ebony.

[Rain] February 18-20. It rains when the sun reaches 330 degrees of the yellow meridian. During the rainy season, the weather is changeable. At this time, we should pay attention to the maintenance of the spleen. The key point of invigorating spleen in spring is to regulate the liver and keep the liver qi unobstructed.

A: Eat more fresh vegetables, fruit with plenty of juice and some wild vegetables. The staple food should be millet, and the vegetables are carrots, yams, leeks, spinach, rape, bean sprouts, Toona sinensis, Artemisia annua, bamboo shoots, lotus roots, water chestnuts and radishes. Fruits include oranges, apples, bananas, Sydney, pineapples and so on. Aquatic products include crucian carp. Others are red dates, honey and lotus seeds.

Avoid: avoid spicy and greasy food, and do not eat raw onions and garlic. Peanuts should be cooked rather than fried.

[Jing Zhe] March 5 -7. When the sun reached 345 degrees, it was a fright. The diet and daily life during the period of fright should conform to the attributes of the liver. In addition, such as influenza, chickenpox, epidemic hemorrhagic fever and so on. Epidemics are easy to break out in this solar term, so we should pay attention to prevention.

Appropriate: Eat more fresh vegetables and light food rich in protein and vitamins. Vegetables include spinach, radish, bitter gourd, celery, rape, yam, bamboo shoots, sweet pepper and onion. Fruit has pears, seafood has crabs. Others include lotus seeds, tremella, sesame seeds, honey, chicken, eggs, milk and so on. Pears are cold, so it is not advisable to eat too much at a time, otherwise it will hurt the spleen and stomach. People with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold should not eat raw pears.

Avoid: avoid or eat less animal fat foods, such as mutton, dog meat, quail, etc. Dry, spicy and irritating foods should also be eaten less, such as pepper, onion, garlic and pepper.

March 20-22. The vernal equinox occurs when the sun reaches 0 degrees of the yellow meridian. At this time, hypertension, menstrual disorder, hemorrhoids and allergic diseases in non-infectious diseases are more likely to occur, so attention should be paid to protection.

A: Eat spicy and sweet food. Choose high-calorie staple food, eat more protein, and be light and delicious. Recommended foods are carrots, cabbage, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, rape, bell pepper, tomatoes, leeks and other fresh vegetables, oranges, lemons, apples and other fruits, tripe, sesame seeds, walnuts, lotus seeds and other dried fruits, soy milk and other drinks.

Avoid: avoid greasy, cold, irritating food, avoid overheating, cold diet.

[Qingming] April 4 -6. It is clear when the longitude of the sun is 15 degrees. After Tomb-Sweeping Day, the rain increased, which naturally changed from yin to yang. At this time, attention should be paid to clearing liver and purging fire to prevent excessive rise of liver qi or excessive liver fire.

Appropriate: cool food and reduce the intake of sweets and high-calorie foods. Eat some foods that soften the liver and moisten the lungs, such as shepherd's purse, spinach, yam and other vegetables. In spring, leeks can warm the body. Other fruits such as tremella, mushrooms, burdock, pomfret, bananas, oranges and other cool fruits should also be eaten.

Avoid: avoid eating chicken and bamboo shoots, which will move the liver fire and lead to the recurrence of chronic pneumonia and hypertension. Avoid spicy and cold food. People with chronic diseases should not eat "fatty" foods, such as sea fish, shrimp, mutton and bamboo shoots.

[Grain Rain] April 19-2 1. When the sun reaches 30 degrees, it is Grain Rain. In addition to mental health to regulate emotions, you can also eat some foods that can relieve mental stress and regulate emotions.

Appropriate: Eat more foods rich in vitamin B, alkalinity, nourishing yin and moistening lung, warming stomach and strengthening spleen, and regulating human emotions. Beans include soybeans and soybeans. Vegetables include white radish, carrots, soybean sprouts, tomatoes, spinach and so on. Fruits include grapes, bananas, oranges, strawberries and lemons. Others include kelp, natural green algae and lean meat. Toona sinensis should be eaten, but not too much.

Avoid: avoid overeating and reduce the intake of high-protein and high-calorie foods. Celery, raw cucumbers, persimmons, dried persimmons, watermelons, crabs, snails and kelp are forbidden for those with wind-cold and dampness, and peppers, cinnamon, pepper, ginger, scallions and white wine are forbidden for those with heat.

[Long summer] May 5 -7. When the sun reaches 45 degrees of the yellow meridian, it is a long summer. After the long summer, the dietary principle is "nourishing yang in spring and summer", and nourishing yang focuses on "nourishing the heart". Stomach problems are more likely to occur at this time, so pay attention to prevention.

Appropriate: light, should be based on digestible foods rich in vitamins, eat more sour food, and also eat some light and peaceful heat-clearing and dampness-removing foods, and appropriately supplement protein. Vegetables include onion, potato, wax gourd, celery, tomato, cucumber, towel gourd, yam and so on. Fruits include hawthorn, banana, apple, peach, strawberry and watermelon. Dried fruits include sesame seeds, walnuts and peanuts. Aquatic products include sea cucumber, loach and crucian carp. Others include black fungus, lean meat, eggs, milk and so on.

Avoid: avoid big fish and big meat and greasy spicy food, don't eat cold food too early or too much, and eat less animal viscera, egg yolk, fat meat, roe, shrimp and so on. Eat less salty food such as salted fish and pickles and eat less bitter food.

[Xiaoman] May 20th-22nd. When the sun reaches 60 degrees of the yellow meridian, it is complete. At this time, people's physiological activities are in the most active period of the year, so they consume more nutrients and need to be supplemented in time.

Appropriate: Give priority to a refreshing and light vegetarian diet, often eat foods with the functions of clearing away dampness and heat, nourishing yin and promoting fluid production, and eat some cool foods, but not too cold. Recommended vegetables are cucumber, carrot, wax gourd, loofah, water chestnut, lotus root, tomato and yam. Meat includes duck and so on. Aquatic products include crucian carp and grass carp. Fruits include watermelon, pear and banana.

Avoid: avoid eating sweet, greasy, moist and helpful foods, such as animal fat and fishy fish; It is sour and spicy, and belongs to the products of warming fire and frying, such as raw onion, raw garlic, ginger, mustard, pepper, fennel, cinnamon, leek, eggplant, mushroom, marine fish, shrimp and crab, cattle, sheep, dog and goose.

[Mangzi] June 5 -7. When the sun reaches 75 degrees of the yellow meridian, it is a mountain. At this time, it is rainy and humid, and the weather is sultry and abnormal, which can easily hurt the spleen and stomach. In addition, due to frequent raw food, the incidence of dysentery is high, so attention should be paid to prevention.

Appropriate: mainly to make up. At this time, we should eat more vegetables, beans and fruits and supplement potassium appropriately. The grain is mainly buckwheat, corn, sweet potato and soybean, and the fruit is banana. Vegetables include spinach, parsley, rape, cabbage, celery, green onions, green garlic, lettuce, potatoes and yam.

Avoid: avoid eating or eat less greasy food in order to maintain the spleen and stomach; The food is too salty and sweet; Cold food should also be avoided or eaten less. Tip: Add some vinegar when cooking to reduce the loss of vitamins in vegetables, and it also has bactericidal effect.

[Summer Solstice] June 2 1-22. The summer solstice is when the sun reaches 90 degrees on the ecliptic. Because of sweating in summer, the body is easy to lose water, and the digestive function of the spleen and stomach is poor, so frequent intake of thin food is one of the important ways to maintain health in summer.

Appropriate: light, eat more miscellaneous grains to cold the body, eat more sour, and often eat salty tonic. Suitable foods include tomatoes, cucumbers, celery, wax gourd, lotus roots, mung beans, strawberries, almonds, lilies and lotus seeds.

Avoid: avoid greasy food and sweets, and don't eat too much hot food to avoid helping heat. Eating fruits and vegetables cold should not be overeating, so as not to damage the spleen and stomach; The diet should not be too cold, so it is not advisable to eat more cold foods, such as hot pot, barbecue and rinse vegetables. And it is best to avoid eating in one season.

[Summer heat] July 6 -8. When the sun reaches longitude 105 degrees, it is a slight summer heat. Just entering the dog days, "squatting" means hiding, and people should go out for the summer less.

Appropriate: give priority to with light taste, pay more attention to hygiene and moderation in diet. Eat more vegetables and fruits. The recommended foods are tomatoes, yams, cucumbers, watermelons, apples, broad beans, mung beans, milk and soybean milk.

Avoid: avoid eating meat, it is best to eat less. In addition, we should change bad habits and don't eat too many cold drinks. Eat less meat, warm, hot and cold food.

[Summer] July 22-24. When the sun reaches longitude 120 degrees, it is a great summer heat. At this time, the human body is vulnerable to pathogens such as summer heat and dampness, and it is necessary to focus on preventing heatstroke. Eat more food to prevent heatstroke and strengthen the spleen.

Appropriate: Eat more foods that are dry, wet, spleen-invigorating, qi-nourishing and yin-nourishing, and replenish water and protein in time. At this time, the suitable foods are yam, lotus root, potato, watermelon, banana, jujube, lotus seed, mung bean, pea, sea cucumber, turtle, chicken, duck, lean meat, eggs, milk, honey, soybean milk, green tea and so on.

Avoid: avoid being too greasy, otherwise it will easily hinder the stomach and lead to indigestion. Too much cold, spicy and dry food, and less irritating food such as wine, onion and garlic.

[beginning of autumn] August 7-9. When the sun reaches 135 degrees, it will be beginning of autumn, depending on beginning of autumn. Beginning of autumn will bring "autumn dryness" related diseases, so we should eat more foods that moisten the lungs.

Appropriate: Eat more foods that nourish yin and moisten lung, nourish stomach and promote fluid production, and also eat sour fruits and vegetables frequently, including radish, tomato, yam, lentil, lotus root, water bamboo, pumpkin, tofu, lotus seed, longan, glutinous rice, japonica rice, loquat, pineapple, dairy products, red dates, walnuts, honey, sesame seeds and so on.

Avoid: avoid eating or eating less spicy, hot and greasy food and drinking less. When making supplements, avoid the distinction between deficiency and excess, and the more the better. In addition, be careful when eating fruits and vegetables, especially those with deficiency of spleen and stomach. Eating too many pears will hurt the spleen and stomach, and those with stomach cold and diarrhea should not eat.

[Summer] August 22-24. It is midsummer when the lunar reaches longitude 150 degrees. At this time, the climate variables are large, the air is hot and humid before the rain, and the temperature is cool after the rain, which is easy to cause wind-cold or wind-heat colds.

Appropriate: Eat more warm food, light diet, and eat more foods with high alkaline and protein content. Suitable foods are celery, spinach, cucumber, bitter gourd, wax gourd, pumpkin, yellow croaker, scallop, kelp, jellyfish, tremella, lily, lotus seed, honey, sesame, beans, milk and so on.

Avoid: avoid greasy food, and do not eat or eat less spicy barbecue food, including pepper, ginger, pepper, onion, cinnamon, wine and so on. Eat less cold drinks.

[Millennium] September 7-9. When the lunar reaches longitude 165 degrees, it is white dew, which is a sign of cold weather. At this time, nasal diseases, asthma and bronchial diseases should be avoided.

Appropriate: Eat more foods with expectorant, antiasthmatic, lung moistening and cough relieving effects, especially light and digestible foods rich in vitamins. Include bamboo shoots, radishes, carrots, fresh lotus roots, pears, apples, sweet potatoes, millet, duck meat, walnuts, fungus, honey and the like.

Avoid: avoid eating fish and shrimp, cold pickles, spicy, sour, salty, sweet and greasy food. The most common are leek, day lily, pepper, hairtail, crab, shrimp, dog meat, egg yolk, cheese and so on.

[Autumnal Equinox] September 22-24. The autumnal equinox occurs when the sun reaches 180 degrees. At this time, we should pay special attention to the maintenance of the inner Yin Qi. Daily life, diet, spirit and exercise are inseparable from the principle of "nourishing".

Appropriate: eat more sweet and sour fruits and vegetables to moisten the lungs and promote fluid production, nourish yin and clear dryness. The diet should be warm, light and fresh, such as lotus root, duck, autumn pear, persimmon, sugarcane, auricularia auricula, lily, tremella, sesame, walnut, glutinous rice, honey and dairy products.

Avoid: Try to eat less spicy food such as onion and ginger, eat less cold food such as melons, and never eat cold, spicy and sticky food.

[Cold Dew] 65438+1October 8-9. When the sun reaches longitude 195 degrees, it is cold dew. At this time, the focus of health care is to nourish yin and prevent dryness, moisten the lungs and benefit the stomach, and at the same time pay attention to strenuous exercise and overwork to avoid the loss of essence, qi and body fluid.

Appropriate: Eat more sweet, light and moist food, which can strengthen the stomach, moisten the lungs and intestines, and pay attention to supplementing water. This kind of food includes radish, tomato, lotus root, carrot, wax gourd, yam, Sydney, banana, cantaloupe, apple, persimmon, raisin, duck, beef, beans, kelp, laver, sesame, walnut, tremella, milk, fish and shrimp.

Avoid: avoid eating spicy, spicy, dry, smoked, roasted and other foods, such as pepper, ginger, onion, garlic, etc., because overeating spicy food will hurt the yin and essence of the human body.

【 First frost 】 65438+1October 23-24. When the sun reaches longitude 2 10 degrees, it is the first frost. The first frost said it was colder. At this time, it is easy to cough, and chronic bronchitis is also easy to relapse or aggravate. In addition, we should pay attention to invigorating qi and nourishing stomach.

Appropriate: based on the principle of flat compensation. Suitable foods include onion, mustard seed, yam, radish, laver, tremella, pork, beef, pear, apple, olive, ginkgo, chestnut and peanut.

Avoid: avoid eating or eating less spicy food, eat less and eat more meals.

[beginning of winter]165438+1October 7-8. When the sun reaches 225 degrees, winter begins. People think that beginning of winter is the beginning of winter. At this time, the diet should focus on increasing calories, and the focus of daily life and health care should be on preventing "colds".

Appropriate: Eat some high-calorie foods, especially in the north, and eat more fresh vegetables and foods rich in vitamins, calcium and iron. Suitable foods include Chinese cabbage, cabbage, radish, carrot, mung bean sprout, rape, onion, tomato, sweet potato, apple, banana, jujube, pear, citrus, tofu, fungus, mushroom, sheep, cattle, chicken, fish, shrimp, kelp, milk, soybean milk, eggs, walnuts, almonds and so on.

Avoid: avoid eating or eating less cold things, such as crabs, shrimps, watermelons, grapes, etc., but not hot and dry, especially not eating too much shrimp.

[Xiaoxue]165438+1October 22-23. It is light snow when the sun reaches 240 degrees of the yellow meridian. Before and after this solar term, the weather is dark, which is easy to lead to or relapse depression. Therefore, we should selectively eat some foods that help to adjust our mood.

A: Eat more hot porridge. Hot porridge should not be overheated, and cold porridge should not be eaten. Suitable for warming up in Kunming, such as mutton, beef and chicken. It's also good for the kidneys. This kind of food should be cashew nuts, yam, Chinese cabbage, chestnuts, ginkgo, walnuts and so on. Bananas are the first choice for fruits.

Avoid: avoid eating too spicy food.

[Heavy snow] 65438+February 6-8. It is heavy snow when the sun reaches 255 degrees of the yellow meridian. This season, it is appropriate to warm and tonify yang, tonify kidney and strengthen bones, nourish yin and replenish essence. At the same time, it is also a good time to take food supplements, but don't blindly take food supplements.

Appropriate: warming yang, tonifying kidney and strengthening bones, nourishing yin and replenishing essence. Eat more protein-rich, vitamins and digestible foods in winter. It is advisable to eat foods with high calorie, high protein and high fat. Warm tonic foods include radish, carrot, eggplant, yam, pork, mutton, beef, chicken, crucian carp, sea cucumber, walnut, longan, wolfberry and lotus seeds.

Avoid: avoid too much or make up indiscriminately. It is not advisable to eat cold food, such as mung bean sprouts and honeysuckle, which are all cold, especially those with spleen and stomach deficiency. Crabs are cool things and should not be eaten in early winter, otherwise it will affect health.

[Winter Solstice] 65438+February 2 1-23. When the sun reaches 270 degrees, it is the winter solstice. At this time, patients with hypertension, arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease should be especially vigilant to guard against attacks.

Appropriateness: the types of food should be diversified, grains, fruits, meat and vegetables should be reasonably matched, and foods with high calcium content should be selected appropriately. Food should be warm, cooked, soft and light. Eat carrots, tomatoes, pears, kiwis, sugar cane, grapefruit and so on. (same as "Snow").

Avoid: avoid eating dog meat blindly, regardless of the actual situation, no disease tonic. It is not advisable to eat thick, greasy and salty food. Remember that radish can't be eaten with ginseng, American ginseng and Polygonum multiflorum, and mutton is forbidden to be eaten with pumpkin.

【 Slight cold 】 65438+1October 5-7. The sun is slightly cold when it reaches 285 degrees of the yellow meridian. The slight cold solar term is in "March 9th", which is the coldest time of the year. At this time, people should pay attention to "tonifying kidney and preventing cold".

It is advisable to eat more warm food to prevent the cold from invading the human body. These foods include leek, pepper, fennel, coriander, shepherd's purse, pumpkin, mutton, pork, dog meat, chicken, eel, silver carp, papaya, cherry, chestnut, walnut kernel, almond, jujube and longan. This time is more suitable for eating spicy hot pot and braised mutton.

Bogey: Avoid blind tonic, which will easily lead to deficiency and reality, imbalance of human body and many adverse reactions.

【 Great Cold 】 65438+1October 20th -2 1. When the sun reaches 300 degrees of the yellow meridian, it is a great cold. The period of severe cold is a period of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases such as colds, so we should pay attention to cold prevention.

Appropriate: eat more foods that warm and dispel cold to prevent the invasion of wind-cold pathogens. Observe the principle of protecting yin and suppressing yang in diet. Diet should be bitter in Xian Yi, hot food should be eaten, but hot things should not be overeating; The taste of food can be moderately strong, but there must be a certain amount of lipid to maintain a certain amount of heat. Edible ingredients are the same as "slight cold". Appropriate increase in ginger, onion, pepper, pepper, cinnamon and other condiments.

Avoid: avoid sticking cold food, and eat less seafood and cold drinks.