Why Jie Fangbei? History introduced by Jie Fangbei and Jie Fangbei:
The fort is a square turret-style wooden structure, which was painted black to prevent Japanese bombing. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Chongqing decided to build a Monument to the Victory of the Anti-Japanese War on the former site of Jie Fangbei, the original "spiritual fortress", to commemorate the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. 1946101October 3 1 foundation laying,1February, and August 1947. 1949165438+1October 30th, Chongqing was liberated. At that time, the Southwest Military and Political Committee decided to rebuild the Monument to the Victory of the Anti-Japanese War, which was inscribed by Liu Bocheng, Chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, and renamed the Monument to the People's Liberation (Jie Fangbei for short).
Jie Fangbei has a very important position in the history of Chongqing. Many important historical events, interesting anecdotes and some myths and legends took place there. For example, Jie Fangbei Confucius Temple (where Chongqing World Trade Center was built) was originally a Confucian Temple in Chongqing, which is the most representative Confucian Temple building in Chongqing and the largest Confucian Temple in Chongqing. It was built in the Song and Shaoxing years. Until War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's time, it was the center of Chongqing's cultural activities. Later, Jie Fangbei introduced Chongqing Fuzi Art Exhibition Hall.
In 1980s, it was renamed Chongqing Art Museum, and its curator was Zhu Xuanxian. It is the earliest and only art museum in Chongqing. At that time, there were frequent artistic activities here, and almost all important art exhibitions were held here, which became the center of Chongqing's cultural and artistic activities and foreign cultural exchanges, influencing and driving a large number of artists and people. As a result, it became a well-known and popular saying in Chongqing's folk life: "Go to the Confucius Temple to see the exhibition", which became an indispensable and important cultural activity in the lives of Chongqing people and foreigners at that time.
There is a legend in Jie Fangbei that a fisherman met eight beggars on a bridge, namely Han Zhongli, Zhang, Han Xiangzi, Cao Guojiu, Lan Caihe and He Xiangu Eight Immortals. So, there are Jie Fangbei and Huixian Bridge. At the beginning of last century, people filled the pond, demolished the bridge, and later built Huixian Building, a landmark building in Chongqing.
Guotai Theater was built in 1937, and the adjacent Fuziqi Exhibition Hall is called the cultural holy land in the rear area of the Anti-Japanese War. On February 8th, 1937, Guotai Theater was unveiled. Movies are shown during the day and plays are performed at night. Cathay Pacific's neon lights attracted hundreds of people to watch the excitement. Wan, the old manager of Guotai Cinema, said that there were 1500 iron armchairs and six frosted chandeliers on the ceiling. Four exhaust fans were installed in the high walls on both sides, which cost 6.5438+0.4 million silver dollars. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, China's four famous dramas, Xiuwenshu, Baiyang, Zhang Ruifang and Qinyi, became famous here. Guo Moruo, Xia Yan, Cao Yu and Bai Yang all signed autographs for the theater. In the same year, stars such as Bai Yang and Wu Yin from Shanghai staged the battle of Lugou Bridge in Shenyang and the night at Guotai Theatre, and the audience who bought tickets filled half the street. According to old people's memories, during the Chongqing bombing, the performance of Guotai Theatre was immediately closed as soon as the alarm sounded. After the air raid, the actors and audience returned to the theater, and the wartime performance was never interrupted for a long time. 1954, Peace Cinema was rebuilt in the original site of Guotai Theatre; During the Cultural Revolution, it was renamed Dongfanghong Cinema. 1993 was renamed Guotai Cinema, which was demolished in 2007.
On May 1950 and 1 day, on the basis of Baoyuanyu in Jie Fangbei, Chongqing Branch of Baoyuantong Department Store, the Southwest Department Store was established, marking the establishment of Chongqing Department Store and Chongqing became the first state-owned department store introduced by Jie Fangbei. Baoyuantong also became the first national capital commercial enterprise introduced by Jie Fangbei. Chongqing Department Store, once called March 8th Store, is the largest department store in Chongqing. At that time, foreign tourists must go to Jie Fangbei in Chongqing and Chongqing Department Store in Jie Fangbei. Chongqing Friendship Store in Jie Fangbei is the largest foreign store in Chongqing that only serves foreigners, diplomats and government officials, and only accepts foreign exchange certificates as currency. Commodities include daily necessities, even uncensored western newspapers and periodicals, so once the guards stop China people from entering the shops.
The People's Liberation Army Cinema used to show films of some military systems. Many movies that are not officially released are often released first. Therefore, the theater has an irreplaceable position in the eyes of Chongqing ticket lovers. It has been demolished.
There is also the former site of the Kuomintang "Youth Club". After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Youth Hall was renamed Experimental Theater. In the "Xinxin Cafe" in Jiefangbei, Song Meiling's goddaughter Miss Kong Er angrily beat the police chief Xu Zhongqi. There is Yi People's Lane Street in the north of Jiefang, which is called Yi People's Lane and half of Chongqing's modern history. There is the largest sugar and liquor retail store in Chongqing: Hongqi Candy Store. There is the first color photographic printing center in southwest China that can complete color photographic printing. There is the largest farmer's market in Chongqing: Dayanggou vegetable market. There is the largest book city in Chongqing: Chongqing Xinhua Bookstore. There is a charming snack street called "delicious street" and so on. Chongqing and Jiefang North are the centers of cultural and commercial activities.
History of Jie Fangbei in Chongqing
First, before War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
Now the area around Jiefang North used to be called "Duyou Street", which was named after an official post office here. At that time, there were only a few pharmacies, silk shops and companies selling Four Treasures of the Study, and the rest were houses such as Yangjia Courtyard and Zhoujia Courtyard. At the intersection of four narrow lanes in Duyou Street, there is a clearing with only a few tens of square meters, called "Big Cross", which is now the central area of Jie Fangbei.
Second, the "spiritual fortress"
The former site of Jigong Monument was originally a seven-foot-seven-foot-high wooden structure-Spiritual Fortress, which was built at19401,1946 1 demolished. The building symbolizes the determination to fight the war to the end and the spirit of carrying forward defense.
194 1 1 In February, after Japan launched the Pacific War, China formed an alliance with the United States and Britain to jointly fight against Japan, Germany and Italy. Since then, the Sino-Japanese War has become a part of the Second World War.
On March 1940, the National Government presided over the construction of the "Spiritual Fortress" in Du You Street Square Center, which was completed on June 194 1 day and June 65438+February 3 1 day. The "spiritual fortress" was built by four units, including the National Spiritual Mobilization Association. It was built by the national government at that time, with a square wooden structure and a height of 70 feet and 70 feet (about 26 meters), and the spiral stairs went straight to the top.
The significance of establishing a monument lies in inspiring the people of the whole country to resist the Japanese war and encouraging their compatriots to have the spirit of resisting the Japanese war to the end, and naming it "spiritual fortress". "Seven feet seven feet" symbolizes "July 7th Anti-Japanese War".
Third, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Victory Monument.
After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the National Government established the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Victory Monument on the original site of the "Spiritual Fortress" to record the bloody battles of the soldiers and civilians throughout the country.
1946101October 3 1 day, laying the foundation stone for the new crater monument at the original site of the "spiritual fortress". In February 65438, the new monument was officially started, and it was changed into a reinforced concrete structure with an octagonal column helmet top.
The main body of the monument was completed in August 1947 and in the same year 10/0. The body of the monument is engraved with "Jigong Monument for Victory in the Anti-Japanese War", which is called "Jigong Monument" and its shape is Jie Fangbei as seen today. In Jie Fangbei, the letter written by American President Roosevelt to the people of Chongqing during the victory of World War II is still preserved.
Fourth, Chongqing People's Liberation Monument
1949165438+1On October 30th, China People's Liberation Army captured the main city of Chongqing. 1950 10 1, the Southwest Military and Political Committee changed the words and patterns on the monument, and Liu Bocheng changed the name of "Chongqing People's Liberation Monument" to "Jie Fangbei" from commemorating the victory of China people's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression to commemorating Chongqing's "liberation".
Extended data:
The Monument to the Victory of the Anti-Japanese War and the People's Liberation, whose original name was the Monument to the Victory of the Anti-Japanese War, was renamed the Chongqing People's Liberation Monument after 1949, and was called Jie Fangbei for short. It is located in the center of Yuzhong District, Chongqing, at the intersection of minzu road, Quan Min Road and Zou Rong Road. It is one of the landmark buildings in Chongqing.
1987 65438+1October 23rd was listed as the preliminary list of the second batch of municipal cultural relics protection units in Chongqing. 1991April 16 was announced as the third batch of provincial key cultural relics protection units in Sichuan province. 20/kloc-0 was listed as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units on March 5, 3.
Travel information
buy
Jie Fangbei business circle is the largest business circle in Chongqing. Go to Jie Fangbei and Jie Fangbei to introduce the shopping mall. Here, Jie Fangbei introduced many famous shopping malls and brand stores everywhere.
eat
I ate a lot, but what was more interesting was the delicious street. From Linjiangmen along Zou Rong, after the first crossing in Jie Fangbei, you will find Delicious Street on the right.
Jie Fangbei's "Haochi Street" is the middle section of Bayi Road (Baoan Road before liberation), only 205 meters long. When you come to the "delicious street" in Jie Fangbei, you have to eat hot and sour powder, spicy skewers (duck liver, squid, tripe, chicken feet and various vegetable skewers), fried chestnuts, shaved ice and so on.
on one's pins
There are many big hotels in Jie Fangbei, so you can choose your favorite brands to stay in.
line
In addition to direct bus service, friends in Yangjiaping direction can also take the light rail to reach the bustling area of Jie Fangbei. For car owners, it is actually recommended to take a taxi.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Jie Fangbei