Taking Wudang Mountain, a world cultural heritage, as the research object, this paper analyzes the composition and characteristics of its characteristic tourism resources, which is conducive to the development of local tourism resources in the future.

Further development, utilization and protection of water sources.

Keywords: Wudang Mountain World Cultural Heritage Taoist Tourism Resources

1 Introduction

Tourism resources are the most basic conditions for the survival and development of tourism in a country or region, but the greater development of tourism often depends on the characteristics of local tourism resources.

Characteristic tourism resources are the core elements of tourism attraction and an important guarantee for tourism development.

Wudang Mountain, located in Shiyan City, Hubei Province, is a famous Taoist mountain in China and a national key scenic spot. 1994 was included in the world cultural heritage list.

Wudang Mountain has a long history, a long history of culture and rich tourism resources. The development of Wudang Mountain tourism resources is the focus of tourism development in Hubei Province and Shiyan area, which has attracted much attention from all walks of life.

Up to now, scholars at home and abroad have studied Wudang Mountain from many angles: for example, Wang Guangde and Yang Lizhi (1993) have studied the origin and development of Wudang Taoism; Liu Shouhua (199 1, 200 1) and Li Zhengkang (200 1, 2003) studied Wudang folk culture; Cao Benzhi (1993) and Pu Zhuoqiang (1993,2001) studied Wudang Daole; And other scholars' special studies on Wudang architecture and history.

It is rare to study from the perspective of characteristic tourism resources. Ji Qunfeng (200 1) and Liao (2002) participated in the study of Wudang Mountain tourism development, and Li Cheng (2002) participated in the analysis of Wudang Mountain humanistic tourism resources.

Characteristic tourism resources refer to various elements and things that are monopolistic, typical, specific and regional in nature and human society, can attract tourists and can be developed and utilized for tourism.

Based on the above characteristics, this paper attempts to analyze and summarize the characteristic tourism resources of Wudang Mountain.

2 unique Taoist culture-the most important characteristic tourism resources of Wudang Mountain

2. 1 Wudang Mountain Taoism-a colorful page in the history of Taoism in China.

Taoism is a native religion in China. "China's roots are in Taoism" (Lu Xun, 19 18) occupies an important position in the history of China civilization.

Taoism in Wudang Mountain is an important part of Taoism in China. Its development was highly respected by the rulers of past dynasties, and reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty: it was successively named as "Da Yue" (Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty) and "Xuan Yue" (Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty) by the emperor, which made its position higher than the Five Mountains and was honored as the "crown of the Five Mountains" where all the four famous mountains were arched and all the five immortals were worshipped.

Wudang Mountain has become a "royal temple" and "the first mountain in the world" (Mi Fei in Northern Song Dynasty) dedicated to praying for the imperial court. It has achieved an exclusive position in the field of Taoism, and has become the largest Dojo and Taoist activity center in China, with far-reaching influence and written a brilliant chapter in the history of Taoism in China.

2.2 Wudang Mountain Taoist architecture-a miracle in the history of ancient architecture in China.

Wudang Mountain Taoist complex is the largest, highest-ranking and most well-preserved Taoist ancient building complex in China, and it is the core of Wudang Mountain's world cultural heritage with outstanding characteristics.

The scale is huge and the project is huge.

In the Ming Dynasty, Wudang was built in the south and the Forbidden City was built in the north. It took 300,000 craftsmen to build Wudang Palace Temple, which lasted 12 years, and built a large-scale Taoist building complex with 9 palaces, 9 temples, 36 Antang and 73 rock temples, and became the rule of the royal family by using religious thoughts.

Important place.

After continuous expansion, there are more than 20,000 temples in Wudang Mountain, with a total area of10.6 million square meters, which is more than twice that of the Forbidden City.

Form a grand scene of "five miles, one temple, ten miles palace, exquisite wall".

Unique site selection and ingenious layout.

The building site selection of Wudang Mountain combines the thought of "Yin-Yang Sutra" of Taoism, "Feng Shui" of ancient China and the fairy myth of Zhenwu Emperor, and is built in strict accordance with the intention of integrating politics with religion.

In terms of layout, the whole building complex of Wudang Mountain is located on the mountain and is everywhere.

Adapted to the natural environment, the peaks, peaks, stones and valleys are skillfully used in the construction process, and the original features of the mountain are preserved to the maximum extent.

The center of Wudang complex is located in the Golden Hall at the top of Tianzhu Peak, with the Eight Palaces on the cliff of the whole mountain as the main body. Many shrines of Antang are distributed around the main building in a self-contained way, and the huge buildings and mountains and rivers are in harmony, which perfectly embodies the Taoist concept of "harmony between man and nature".

Strict overall planning, exquisite architectural skills and exquisite craftsmanship.

The large-scale Wudang building complex adopts the royal architectural style, unified design and layout, and the overall planning is very rigorous. It has made great achievements in architectural skills and architectural aesthetics, which embodies the great achievements of ancient science and technology in China.

The Golden Hall, the largest existing bronze gilded hall in China, is known as a pearl in China's ancient architecture and casting technology, and its welding and casting technology has reached a quite high level. In addition, there are nine yellow river walls, one column and twelve beams, and the turning hall.

It reflects the superb skills of ancient architecture and is a valuable cultural heritage of our country.

Wudang Taoist architecture is known as "supplementing the legacy of Qin Huang and Han Wu, which is rare in past dynasties." The victory of Zhang Jinque's Lin Gong is also lacking in the world "(see Zhang Kaidong's Preface to Da Yue in Ming Dynasty).

1982, the State Council announced Wudang Mountain as a national key scenic spot, calling it Wudang Mountain ancient architectural complex. The project is huge and exquisite, which successfully embodies the artistic conception of "Fairy Hill and Qiongge", just like an exhibition of China's ancient architectural achievements.

2.3 Wudang Wushu, world-famous, is a school of its own.

Wudang Wushu is one of the most important schools of Wushu in China. Founded by Zhang Sanfeng, a famous Taoist priest in Wudang Mountain, it is known as "Shaolin in the north and Wudang in the south".

Wudang Wushu is a school of its own, which is called "Family Boxing School". It aims at self-cultivation, self-defense and health care.

With static braking, people's "internal strength" will be done late.

Wudang Wushu is deeply influenced by Taoism, which advocates spiritual and moral cultivation and pays attention to connotation cultivation.

Wudang Kung Fu is a precious heritage of China culture and has great influence in the world. Now wudang boxing, Tai Ji Chuan and Taiji Sword are world-renowned and deeply loved by the people.

2.4 Yue Xian verve-Wudang Taoist music

Wudang Taoist music, also known as Wudang Taoist music, is an important part of Chinese Taoist music culture.

Taoist music is played by Taoist priests when they recite scriptures and perform sacrificial activities. Due to historical and geographical reasons, Wudang Taoist music is extremely rich in connotation: although it belongs to local Taoist music, it has the solemnity and elegance of court music; On the one hand, it is difficult to impact the ancient tradition of witchcraft-watching music and dance and the folk music in the pre-Qin period, on the other hand, it absorbs a lot of local folk music elements; In addition to the local area, the music in the surrounding areas also has an influence on it, such as "Three Fat Chusheng", "Qiang Qin Fish Tune" and "Chu Han Yun Fades";

Taoist music, which has a long history and is constantly innovating in its development, has finally formed a Taoist music that blends North and South, is dominated by Taoism, and has both Buddhist music and Confucian music melodies. It is called Wudang Yue Xian verve and Wudang verve, and it is a very distinctive part of Wudang Mountain's religious and cultural heritage.

3 Excellent natural scenery-Wudang Mountain's characteristic tourism resources that can't be ignored

Although Wudang Mountain is listed in the World Heritage List as a "cultural heritage", its natural landscape is not inferior to human resources.

Since ancient times, the beautiful natural scenery of Wudang Mountain has been attracting countless Taoist practitioners, emperors and generals, literati and hermits.

Xu Xiake, a geographer in the Ming Dynasty, praised Wudang Mountain for its "beautiful scenery" and thought that "Xuan Yue rises from the Five Mountains" and "chinese odyssey, the town of Gankunding, is the first fairy mountain on the top of the mountain".

The most famous natural landscape is "seventy-two peaks facing each other and twenty-four streams running". Tianzhu Peak, the main peak, is 65,438+0,665,438+02 meters above sea level, just like a Tianzhu, rising to the sky, surrounded by 72 peaks, and circulating with 24 streams, forming Tianzhu Peak, which is like a giant turtle, located at the top of the mountain, and the other peaks are bent over and facing the main peak.

The officials of the United Nations expert investigation team who went to Wudang Mountain also praised the beautiful natural scenery of Wudang Mountain. The natural scenery of Wudang Mountain is called "72 peaks, 36 rocks, 24 streams, 1 1 caves, 3 pools, 9 springs, 10 rocks and 9 stations", each with its own characteristics and beautiful scenery.

Rich Historical and Cultural Heritage —— The Precious Characteristic Tourism Resources of Wudang Mountain

Wudang Mountain area has a long history and rich prehistoric cultural relics.

From the fossils of dinosaur eggs, marine vertebrates, ancient ape skulls and ape-man teeth that have been unearthed so far, it was once one of the habitats of human ancestors and an important birthplace of Chinese civilization.

Wudang Mountain was the capital of Chu in its early years. Since Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been established and developed. Its long history has left a lot of precious cultural relics for the local area, among which Taoist cultural relics are the most abundant, and it has a good reputation as a treasure house of Taoist cultural relics in China.

Abundant medicinal plant resources--Wudang Mountain characteristic tourism resources with great development value.

Wudang Mountain is rich in plant resources, especially Chinese herbal medicine, which is one of the most concentrated areas of existing wild medicinal materials in China. It is preliminarily determined that there are 6 17 species of wild medicinal materials in Wudang Mountain.

As early as the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were hermits collecting herbs and practicing here, and there was an endless stream after the Tang and Song Dynasties.

Li Shizhen, a famous doctor in Ming Dynasty, has been collecting herbs in Wudang for a long time. According to statistics, more than 400 kinds of medicinal materials in Compendium of Materia Medica are taken from Wudang Mountain.

As the saying goes, "Ten Ways and Nine Doctors", Taoism has a tradition of attaching importance to medical and pharmaceutical research. Combined with its profound Taoist health culture and in line with the healthy concept of modern tourism development, medicinal plant resources are undoubtedly the characteristic tourism resources with great development value in Wudang Mountain.

Rich and colorful folk culture-a unique tourism resource of Wudang Mountain with great development potential.

The profound historical and cultural heritage in Wudang Mountain area has left rich folk cultural resources for the local area, which is manifested in the folk culture with strong Taoist flavor, such as Wudang's belief in folk customs, Dafa meeting, Luotian's righteousness, pilgrimages, vegetarian taboos and other customs; Such as March 3 and September 9, are closely related to Taoist beliefs.

There are many legends and stories about Wudang Mountain, such as the famous "iron pestle grinds into a needle" and "prince reads books", and there are a lot of literary resources describing Wudang Mountain, such as poems, songs, travel notes, novels and so on.

In addition, due to historical reasons, such as the support of the imperial court and the overhaul of Wudang in the Ming Dynasty, some palace folk cultures and folk cultures of different origins in China directly gathered in Wudang, where they collided and blended with local folk cultures, and this place was located at the border of Qin Chu.

The Twilight City, where the Yellow River culture and the Yangtze River culture meet, has diverse historical and cultural origins, so Wudang folk culture also presents the remarkable characteristics of extensive sources, blending north and south, and being colorful.

7 conclusion

Characteristic is the life of tourism, and characteristic tourism resources are the foundation and important foundation of tourism development.

Wudang Mountain, a world cultural heritage site, has rich connotations and outstanding features. In addition to the traditional Taoist cultural resources, the local natural scenery, folk culture and other tourism resources are also very distinctive and have great development value.

Understanding the characteristic tourism resources of Wudang Mountain is of great practical significance for the further rational development and utilization of local tourism resources and the future development of tourism. Only by fully understanding the characteristics and connotation of Wudang Mountain tourism resources can we better tap the characteristics in the further tourism development, make them better serve the tourism industry, and realize targeted and effective protection in the protection of tourism resources.