Full-text Translation of Sun Tzu's Art of War

Original: Start first.

1. Sun Tzu said: Soldiers are a national event, a place of life and death, and a way to survive.

2. So after five things, the school will count seven things and ask for their feelings.

3. All the way, two days, three places, four generals and five laws. Tao enables people to identify with the world, to die with it, to live with it, and not to be afraid of hardships. Heaven, yin and yang, cold and heat, time system. Earth, high and low, far and near, easy, wide and narrow, dead and alive. General, wisdom, faith, benevolence, courage and strictness. Legalism, music system, official way, main use. We should listen to these five things. Those who know will win, and those who don't know will be invincible.

4. So the school should count seven and ask them how they feel. Yue: Who is Master? Who can? What is heaven and earth? What is the law? Who is stronger? Who practices foot soldiers? Reward and punishment don't listen to my plan, and it will fail if you use it. Listen to what you earn, so that you can help others. This is the trend. Those in power control power for profit.

6, soldiers, also. Therefore, you can show what you can't do, use it without showing it, show it far and near, and show it near and far. Lure it, take it at random, prepare it, avoid it, scratch it angrily, be humble, do it, let it go, attack it unprepared and surprise it. The victory of this military commander should not be announced first.

7. If the husband does not fight, the temple will win; If the temple didn't win before the war, it would be too few. Winning more and winning less is worse than nothing! From this perspective, we can see the results.

Translation: Start first.

1. Sun Tzu said: War is the top priority of a country, which is related to the life and death of the military and civilians and the life and death of the country, so it must be carefully observed, analyzed and studied.

2. Therefore, we must draw the details through the analysis of the enemy and ourselves in five aspects and the comparison of seven situations to predict the possibility of winning or losing the war.

3. One is Tao, the other is heaven, the third is earth, the fourth is will, and the fifth is law. Tao means that the monarch and the people have the same goal and will, and they can live and die together, regardless of difficulties and dangers. The sky refers to the changes of day and night, rain or shine, cold and heat, and four seasons. Land refers to the geographical conditions such as the height of the terrain, the distance of the road, the danger and flatness of the terrain, the width and narrowness of the battlefield, and the place of birth or death. A general is a resourceful, rewarding and punishing general who sincerely cares for his subordinates, is brave and decisive, and has strict military discipline. Law refers to organizational structure, division of powers and responsibilities, staffing, management system, resource guarantee, material allocation, etc. For these five aspects, generals have to have a deep understanding. You can win if you know, but you can't win if you know. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the outcome of the war by investigating and analyzing various situations of both sides and comparing them accordingly. Which monarch is wise and can win the hearts of the people? Which side's generals are more capable? Where is the right time and place? Which party's laws and regulations can be strictly enforced? Which side has more resources, better equipment and more troops? Which side's soldiers are better trained and more effective? Which side's rewards and punishments are fairer and stricter? Through these comparisons, I know the result.

5. The general listens to me. If he wins, I will stay. If the general doesn't listen to my plan, he will be defeated and I will dismiss him. After listening to the tactics that are conducive to defeating the enemy, we must create a situation as an external condition to assist our army in combat. The situation is to take different corresponding measures according to the needs of establishing our advantages and grasping the initiative in war.

6. Fighting with soldiers is betrayal. So, if you have the ability to pretend that you don't, you really attack and pretend not to attack. If you want to attack near, pretend to attack far, attack far and pretend to attack near. When the other side is greedy for profits, it will be tempted by interests. When the other party is in chaos, he takes advantage of it. When the other person is strong, be sure to guard against him. When the other person is upset, you can provoke his anger and make him lose his mind. When the other person is self-abased and cautious, he will be arrogant. When the other person is full of physical strength, he will make him exhausted. When the other party is close and United, he will sow discord. He will attack where the other side is unprepared, and attack at unexpected times. These are the secrets of a military strategist to defeat the enemy and should not be passed on to others first.

7. Before the war, after careful analysis, comparison and planning, if the conclusion is that we have many favorable conditions, we are 80% to 90% sure of victory; Or the conclusion is that we have few advantages and only have a 60% to 70% chance of winning, then only the former situation can win in actual combat. If we don't make careful analysis and comparison before the war, or the conclusion of analysis and comparison is that our winning rate is less than 50%, then it is impossible to win in actual combat. Only according to the calculation results of the temple, without actual combat, the outcome is obvious.

Original: Fight second

1. Sun Tzu said: Any method of using troops, galloping thousands of chariots, riding thousands of leather wagons, taking 100,000 armor and eating thousands of miles, will cost internal and external expenses, the use of guests, the materials of glue paint, and the battle of armor, costing thousands of dollars a day, and then 100,000 divisions will lift it.

2. Its use of war has also won. If it lasts for a long time, it will be blunt and sharp, if it attacks the city, it will be forced to bend, if it lasts for a long time, it will be violent, and the country will be underutilized. If the husband is blunt, he will bend his strength to get his goods, and the princes will take advantage of his disadvantages, although there are wise men who can't be good. Therefore, the soldiers are alert and discerning, and they have not seen wisdom for a long time. Those who have fought for a long time and benefited the country and the people have never done so. Therefore, people who are not fully aware of the dangers of fighting cannot fully realize the benefits of fighting.

Author: wyl42199 2008-4-2714: 07 reply to this speech.

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2 The complete translation of Sun Tzu's Art of War

3. Those who are good at using soldiers will stop recruiting and have no food for three years. They will use it at home, because the food is in the enemy's place, so the military food can be enough. If the country is poor, it will be far away, and if the people are poor, it will be far away; Those who are close to teachers are expensive to sell. If you sell them, the people will have no money. If they have no money, they will be eager to serve in the mountains. Money is wasted by force, and the central plains are empty at home, and the people spend from ten to seven; At public expense, Pojun's horses, armor, archers, halberds, shields, spears and oars, and high-headed ox carts were ten to six horses.

4. Therefore, wisdom will serve the enemy, eat the enemy for one minute and be my 20 minutes; Avoid a stone when I am twenty stones.

5. Therefore, those who kill the enemy are angry; Those who take advantage of the enemy get the goods. If you win the car race for more than ten times, you will be awarded the first place and raise the standard. The purpose of using miscellaneous vehicles and raising them when it is good is to win over the enemy and gain strength.

6. So, winning for a long time is not expensive. So we know that a soldier's general is the life of the people. King of national security.

Fight second

1. Sun Tzu said: In order to raise troops and fight, we need to prepare materials: 1,000 light cars, 1,000 heavy cars, 100,000 armed soldiers, and thousands of miles to transport food. Then the expenses inside and outside the army, the expenses of entertaining envoys and military strategists, the expenses of materials such as glue paint for weapons maintenance, and the maintenance expenses of chariots and armor will consume thousands of dollars every day. After preparing according to this standard,100000 troops can go to the battlefield.

Therefore, the army needs a quick decision, and if it drags on for a long time, the army will be tired and depressed. Once besieged, exhausted, and fighting outside for a long time, it will inevitably lead to insufficient national financial resources. If the army is exhausted by the long war, its spirit is frustrated, its military strength is exhausted, and its domestic materials are exhausted, other governors will certainly take advantage of the fire to rob. In this way, even resourceful people have no good way to escape. Therefore, in actual combat, I only heard that it is difficult for a general to make a quick decision without clever tactics, but I have never seen anyone who is clever and skilled in sustained operations. There has never been a protracted war that is beneficial to the country. Therefore, only by fully understanding the harm of using troops can we fully understand the benefits of using troops.

3. Good fighters don't need to recruit soldiers and transport rations many times. Weapons and equipment are supplied from home, and we try our best to snatch food from the enemy so that the army can have enough food and grass. The reason why the country is poor because of the war is that the army has to carry out long-distance transportation because of the expedition. Long-distance transportation will inevitably lead to poverty. Prices near the garrison will inevitably soar, which will inevitably lead to the exhaustion of materials, materials and wealth, and the increase of taxes and labor. On the battlefield, military strength is exhausted, domestic financial resources are exhausted, and people's private property is depleted by seven tenths. Public property, due to the damage of vehicles, the fatigue of horses, the loss of armor, bows and arrows, spears and halberds, shields and ox carts, consumed six tenths.

Therefore, the wise general must solve the problem of food and grass in the enemy country. Getting one minute's food from an enemy country is equivalent to 20 minutes from your own country, and getting one stone of feed locally is equivalent to 20 stones from your own country.

Therefore, if soldiers want to kill the enemy to death, they must have anger and encouragement. If soldiers dare to seize enemy munitions, they must be rewarded with the seized property. Therefore, in the battle of chariots, whoever grabs more than ten chariots first will be rewarded. Captured chariots should be planted with our flag immediately and incorporated into our team. Be kind to prisoners and make them submissive. This is the way to defeat the enemy and make yourself stronger.

6. Therefore, the most important and beneficial thing about a battle is to make a quick decision, and the most unfavorable thing is to be protracted. A general who really knows how to use troops and knows the benefits of using them holds the life and death of the people and the safety of the country.

Strive for the third place.

1. Sun Tzu said: The method of using troops by the husband is the best in the whole country, followed by breaking the country; The whole army is the best, followed by Pojun; The whole brigade is the best, followed by the broken brigade; The whole army is the best, followed by broken soldiers; All Wu is the best, followed by breaking Wu. Therefore, it is invincible, neither good nor good; Defeat the enemy's soldiers without fighting, and the good ones are also good.

2. So the soldiers attack the city, and then the soldiers attack the city. The method of siege is the last resort. Repair this article, use equipment, and complete it in March; It has been three months since I left. It will be overwhelmed by its anger and the ants attached to it, killing one-third of the foot soldiers, and the city will not pull out. This attack is also a disaster. Therefore, those who make good use of soldiers, defeat other people's soldiers without fighting, pull out other people's cities without attacking them, and destroy other people's countries without fighting soon, will strive for the world with all their strength, so the soldiers will try their best without delay, and this is also the method of attacking.

3. Therefore, if we use the method of fighting, we must attack from ten sides and five times, and fight several times more. If the enemy can divide, he will divide, if he can escape, he will be less, and if he cannot avoid, he will avoid. Therefore, the strength of a small enemy is also a prisoner of a big enemy.

4. The husband will help the country. Auxiliary weeks make the country strong, and auxiliary gaps make the country weak. Therefore, there are three reasons why you are in the army: you don't know that the army can't enter or retreat, which is called the army; The sergeant doesn't understand the affairs of the three armed forces, and it is confused to go into politics with the three armed forces; If a sergeant doesn't know the rights of the three armed forces and works with them, it is very suspicious. If the three armed forces are suspicious, it will be difficult for the princes to be safe. It means that the rebels will win.

Author: wyl42199 2008-4-2714: 07 reply to this speech.

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3 The complete translation of Sun Tzu's Art of War

5. So there are five kinds of victories: those who know how to fight and those who can't fight win, those who know few people win, those who want the same thing from top to bottom win, those who wait for the unsuspecting to win, and those who will and won't win. These five know the way to win.

6. So: know yourself and know yourself, and you will be invincible; Know yourself and yourself, one wins and one loses; If you don't know who you are, you will lose every battle.

The plot of the third place

1. Sun Tzu said: the principle of war is: the best policy is to make the enemy surrender to the whole country, and the worst policy is to destroy the enemy by force; Surrender to the enemy's whole army is the best policy, and it is better to surrender than to defeat the enemy; Surrender to the enemy's entire brigade is the best policy, and breaking the enemy's entire brigade is the worst policy; Surrender all enemy soldiers is the best policy, and breaking enemy soldiers is the worst policy; The best policy is to subdue all enemy forces, and the worst policy is to break them. Therefore, winning every battle is not the best; It is wisest to surrender without a fight.

2. Therefore, military action is firstly to defeat the enemy's strategic intention or war behavior with strategy, secondly to defeat the enemy with diplomacy, and thirdly to defeat the enemy with force. The worst way is to attack the enemy's city. Siege is a last resort, there is no way. It will take at least three months to make a big shield and carriage and prepare all the equipment for siege. It will take at least three months to build a mountain and attack the city. If it is difficult for a general to imitate his anxiety and order his soldiers to climb the wall and attack the city like ants, even if one-third of the soldiers are killed or injured, the city still cannot be captured. This is the disaster caused by the siege. Therefore, people who are good at fighting will defeat the enemy's soldiers without fighting, surrender the enemy city without attacking, and destroy the enemy country without fighting. They must strive to win the world with the strategy of "all-round victory", which will neither dampen national strength nor gain the benefits of all-round victory. This is the way to attack.

3. Therefore, the principle applied in actual combat is: when the enemy is ten times, we will panic in, when the enemy is five times, we will attack, when the enemy is twice, we will try our best to defeat, and when the enemy is evenly matched, I will try my best to disperse and smash. If you are weaker than the enemy, you will avoid fighting. Therefore, if the weak party stubbornly persists, it will become a prisoner of the powerful enemy.

The general is the assistant of the country. If the auxiliary plan is meticulous and careful, the country will be strong, and if the auxiliary plan is omitted improperly, the country will be weak. Therefore, there are three kinds of harm to the army by the monarch: knowing that he can't make him advance further, and knowing that he can't retreat, this is called binding the army; Soldiers will be at a loss if they don't understand the national defense and internal affairs of the army, but they are in the same position as the politics of the three armed forces. Soldiers will be suspicious if they interfere with the command of the army without knowing the expedient changes in the army's strategy and tactics. When the army is at a loss and full of doubts, the princes will take the opportunity to make trouble. This is to confuse your own army and miss the opportunity.

5. Therefore, there are five aspects to foresee victory: being able to accurately judge whether a battle can be fought or won; Those who know how to take countermeasures according to the strength of the enemy and ourselves will win; The whole army of the country, United as one, Qi Xin will work together to win; Be fully prepared, be unprepared and win; The monarch will be proficient in military affairs and contingency, and the monarch can win without intervention. This is the way to foresee victory.

6. So: know yourself and know yourself, and you will be invincible; If you don't know each other but know yourself, the chance of winning or losing is 50/50; If you don't know yourself and yourself, you won't be defeated.

Original: Fourth Army Modeling

1. Sun Tzu said: Those who were good at fighting in the past were invincible first, so they could defeat the enemy. You can't beat yourself, but you can beat the enemy. Therefore, a good soldier can be invincible, but the enemy cannot be defeated. Therefore, it is not feasible to win.

2. Be in an invincible position and keep it; But the winner, attack also. Insufficient rules, more attacks. A good defender hides in nine places and a good attacker moves for more than nine days, so he can protect himself and win the game.

3. What you see is better than everyone knows, and what is not good is also good; If you win, the world will be fine, and the good of bad people will be good. Therefore, it is not enough to look at the sun and the moon for eyesight, nor to listen to thunder for hearing. In ancient times, a good fighter was better than an easy winner. Therefore, the victory of a good fighter is also without wisdom and fame, so its victory is not special. Failure is victory, and victory is failure. Therefore, a good soldier is in an invincible position without losing to the enemy's failure.

4. Therefore, the victorious soldiers win first and then fight, and the defeated soldiers win first and then fight. Those who make good use of soldiers can cultivate the law and protect it, so it can be a winning or losing strategy.

5. Sun Tzu's Art of War: once, twice, three measures, four degrees, five wins. The degree of birth, the degree of birth, the number of births, the number of births, and the number of births are all said to be victories.

6. So, if the victorious soldier is called Thai baht, if the defeated soldier is called Thai baht. The winner's battle, if it is decided to accumulate water in a stream of thousands of meters, is also a form.

Translation: the fourth military shape

1. Sun Tzu said: In the past, people who were good at leading troops to fight always created their invincible conditions first and waited for the opportunity to defeat the enemy. Make yourself invincible and take the initiative in your own hands; Whether we can defeat the enemy depends on whether the enemy gives us a chance. Therefore, a good fighter can only keep himself from being defeated, but not let the enemy be defeated by our army. So victory is foreseeable, but it can't be forced.

Author: wyl42199 2008-4-2714: 07 reply to this speech.

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4 The complete translation of Sun Tzu's Art of War

2. The enemy has no chance of winning and cannot be defeated, and the defense is waiting for it; If the enemy has a chance and can be defeated, he will take it by surprise. Defense is because our troops are insufficient, and attack is because our troops surpass each other. People who are good at defending hide their strength as if they were in an unfathomable underground; An army that is good at attacking seems to have fallen from the sky, and the enemy is unprepared. Only in this way can we save ourselves and win.

It is not the best to predict victory beyond the knowledge of ordinary people: even if the whole world praises it, it is not the best. Just like the autumn wind is picky and not strong, it can't see the sun and the moon, and it can't hear thunder. In ancient times, the so-called warrior only defeated those enemies who were easy to be defeated. Therefore, a real warrior, without the reputation of wise SHEN WOO and heroic feats, can win the battle without any mistakes, because his plans and measures can ensure that he defeated the doomed enemy. Therefore, people who are good at fighting will not only make themselves invincible, but will never miss any opportunity to defeat the enemy.

Therefore, the victorious army always fights after it has the conditions to win, while the defeated army always fights first and tries to win by luck in the war. Those who are good at using troops, concentrate on studying the way to win, improve politics and adhere to the legal system can win, so they can dominate the victory or defeat.

5. Sun Tzu's Art of War: First, measure, that is, estimate the land area; Second, measurement, that is, calculating the capacity of material resources; Third, counting, that is, counting the number of soldiers; Fourth, weigh, that is, compare the comprehensive military strength of both sides; Fifth, win, that is, judge the outcome. The size of the land area determines the capacity of material resources and human resources, and the capacity of resources determines the number of troops that can be put into use. The number of troops determines the strength of both sides, and the strength of both sides leads to the probability of winning or losing.

6. The winner has an absolute advantage over the loser, which is called "baht", and the loser calls it "baht" to the winner. When the winner fights, it is like rushing out of thousands of meters of mountains and rivers, which is unstoppable. This is the performance of military strength.

Original: The military potential is the fifth.

1. Sun Tzu said: If you treat many people like widows, you will get a score; Fighting many people is like fighting few people, and the name is also; Strangely, the masses of the three armies can keep those who will be attacked by the enemy from being defeated; The same is true of things that soldiers add, such as throwing eggs at defects.

2. Whoever fights will win by surprise. Therefore, the good and the strange are infinite like heaven and earth, and infinite like rivers and seas. In the end, the sun and the moon are also. Dead and alive. It's four o'clock. There are only five tones, and the change of five tones is invincible. There are only five colors, and the five-color change is invincible; The taste is only five or five flavors, and it is impossible to win by taste. The war situation is just odd and positive, and odd and positive changes cannot overcome poverty. Odd and positive, such as endless cycle, can be poor!

3. The disease of stirring water, as for those who drift stones, also dive; As for the disease of birds, as for those who are destroyed, it is also a festival. Therefore, a good soldier is dangerous and short. It's like a crossbow and a starter.

4. There are many clouds, and chaos is not chaotic; Chaos is chaos, and circle is unbeaten. Chaos is born of governance, timidity is born of courage, and weakness is born of strength. Cure chaos, plan also; Brave, potential also; Force, shape also.

5. Therefore, if you are good at moving the enemy, the enemy will follow it; Give it and the enemy will take it away. Use it and wait for it.

6. Therefore, a good fighter seeks the situation without complaining, so he can choose people and follow the trend. If you are in power, you will fight with others, such as turning over trees and stones. The nature of wood and stone, harmony is static, danger is moving, square is stopping, and circle is fine. Therefore, it is also a potential to be good at fighting against people, such as turning a boulder on a mountain thousands of miles away.

The army ranks fifth.

1. Managing a large army is as effective as managing a small army, relying on reasonable organization, structure and establishment; Commanding a large army to fight is like commanding a small army to fight, relying on a clear and efficient signal command system; The whole army will not fail against the enemy because of the correct use of "strange" changes: the key to attacking the enemy is to beat the virtual with the real.

In most battles, soldiers are used to fight head-on, while raiders are used to win by surprise. Those who are good at using Indiana Jones, their tactical changes are as endless as the operation of heaven and earth, as endless as rivers and seas. Just like the sun and the moon, they will start all over again; Like the change of seasons, it comes and goes. Palace, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu are no more than five tones, but the combination changes of five tones will never be heard; Red, yellow, blue, white and black do not exceed five colors, but the combination of five colors can never be finished; Sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty are not more than five flavors, and they can never be tasted when combined. There are only two kinds of military forces in war: odd and positive, and the combination of odd and positive changes is endless forever. Odd and positive coexist, just like a circle hovering, with no beginning and no end. Who can finish it? ...