In an appreciation class of ancient literary works in the Chinese Department of a university, a senior professor told us that Ci, as a literary genre, was not unique to the Song Dynasty. Ci originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, grew up in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Different from "poetry expressing ambition", ci is more a simple expression of human feelings, and is often made in conjunction with banquets.

? For a long time, researchers thought Huajian Ci was the first collection of Ci in China, but a senior professor told his students that the collection of Yunyao Zage discovered by Dunhuang Archaeology was the real source. The lyrics and songs excavated from Dunhuang documents such as Yunyaoji are collectively called Dunhuang Quzi Ci. A student who is interested in learning Tang and Song Ci must start with Dunhuang Quzi Ci to know why.

In order to read and experience Dunhuang music, I specially bought "One thousand eight hundred Tang and Song Poems in Damei Chinese Class" from the bookstore. This book is divided into three volumes. In addition to the great quality, the collection scope is almost exhausted by a "net", especially Dunhuang songs, which are rarely involved in similar books. The discovery of Dunhuang Quzi Ci proves that folk creation is the early source of Ci.

? The artistic space created by Dunhuang Quzi Ci is not only the source of Tang and Song Ci, but also the first peak of Tang and Song Ci. The creation of Dunhuang Quzi Ci spanned a long time, from the middle of the seventh century to the 1940s. At the same time, the system is complete, the style is fresh and vigorous, like hibiscus. The creators of Dunhuang Quzi Ci include hermits, Taoist priests, literati, doctors, musicians and businessmen, with strong thoughts and rich flavor of the times.

Dunhuang Quzi Ci describes the life of hermits, such as "Huanxi Yarn", "A garden is opened behind the mountain to plant medicinal sunflower, and it is worn as a health pool in front of the cave. A cluster of wisteria, drizzling slightly. Sit and listen to apes chanting old poems, and read new poems in Yan language. The word "Nothing to Return to the Bookstore to Cover Chai Fei" describes to us the life of a hermit in a fresh and elegant style, expressing the author's feelings of loving nature, ecstasy and intoxication.

? There are descriptions of Buddhism in Dunhuang Quzi Ci, such as Zan in Nan Zong and Biography of Zheng Xie in Wu Geng. "The first more. Delusion is like living in the same place. A fan is really delusional. Enlightenment is illusion and truth. I can't afford to read it, and there is nothing extra. Look at nature. Waiting for space, doing something, asking for something, is not liberation. Nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing.

In Dunhuang Quzi Ci, there are descriptions of soldiers who defend their country, such as Tea Sage, Three-Foot Longquan Sword, and One Tree Flows with Pine, which eulogize the heroic spirit of loyal ministers who give their lives to defend their country and continue the professional tradition of "being drunk in the battlefield without laughing".

? There are descriptions of women's lives in Dunhuang Quzi Ci, such as "Troupe". "Meng Jiangnv, the wife of Qi Liang, did not return to Yanshan. No one sent her warm clothes. I can't help but send my own clothes. Changcheng Road. It's really hard to do. It snowed one after another in Cheese Mountain, and I drank just to get sick the next day. " I wish you a strong and early return "expresses that women can't help themselves, expect to be cared for by their husbands, and also express their dissatisfaction with the rulers, hoping that the world will be peaceful and men will plow and women will weave."

? Although Dunhuang Quzi Ci is the original form of Ci, its content and form are not complete, but its natural origin and natural carving quality are rare in later literary works. Dunhuang Quzi Ci originated from the folk, and used a lot of spoken language and industry sayings at that time. Compared with later generations, it truly reflects the respect and thinking of life.

? Spoken language is spoken in people's daily life, which is approachable and easy to understand. Such as "Fishing Song", "Seeing many faces and dreaming of entertainment. Flowers hate nothing at first sight. My voice choked and my tears rained down. I can't move when I see it. Wu Linger, a coquettish girl. Don't stop because you feel too much. Longevity creates two vinegar winds. If you get Qiushan, you won't bear it. " The description of love in this word can be seen in the weight of "lovesickness" and the depth of feelings, which is difficult to express. I only hope that all lovers in the world will get married.

? There is a saying in the industry that "three words don't leave the line". Such as Zheng prodigal son, green silk string, dancing white jade. Above the palace horn feather, pentatonic foot. It goes without saying that this is the voice of musicians, when they must be consistent with the wise Lord and play the world with one string. Another example is Dingfengbo, which says that the pulse of typhoid fever is weak and the limbs are cold and difficult to treat. More blind doctors and diarrhea, rest, head and face sweat forever separated. Writing typhoid symptoms in medical terms is vivid and sincere enough for readers to feel the same way.