Nephrotic syndrome patients need renal puncture. Nephrotic syndrome can be divided into primary nephrotic syndrome and secondary nephrotic syndrome. Primary nephrotic syndrome is generally caused by chronic glomerulonephritis, and secondary nephrotic syndrome generally refers to hypertension, diabetes, connective tissue disease and so on. At this time, a definite diagnosis can be made by renal puncture. The advantages of renal puncture are as follows:
a
1, whether nephrotic syndrome is primary or secondary can be distinguished, and whether nephrotic syndrome is primary or secondary can be further clarified through renal puncture.
2. The pathological types of nephrotic syndrome can be clearly defined. The pathological types of nephrotic syndrome can be divided into minimal lesion type, model type and membrane hyperplasia type. The diagnosis can be confirmed by renal puncture.
3. Make a treatment plan and judge the prognosis. Renal puncture can make clear the pathological types, and make treatment plans and judge the prognosis according to the pathological types. If it is a mild pathological type, the effect and prognosis of hormone therapy are better.
b
The pathological manifestations of different nephritis are different, and the treatment and prognosis of different pathological types are also different, and the treatment methods are also different. Nephritis is divided into primary and secondary, some are renal manifestations caused by systemic diseases, and some are primary glomerular lesions, so it is necessary to distinguish the above factors. Renal manifestations caused by systemic diseases, such as lupus, diabetic nephropathy, connective tissue disease, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, including liver cirrhosis, pulmonary Wegener granuloma and pulmonary hemorrhagic nephritis syndrome, can all cause nephritis-like manifestations, so it is necessary to differentiate them.
c
Nephritis itself has different types, that is, mild lesions, mesangial hyperplasia, proliferative sclerosis and so on, and different types of treatment methods are also different. Hormones and immunosuppressants have an ideal effect in the early stage, but they will completely harden in the later stage, and the treatment methods are different. Therefore, for patients with nephritis, as long as there are no contraindications, renal puncture is still advocated. However, renal function damage, isolated kidney and patients' failure to cooperate are contraindications and relative contraindications for renal puncture.