Removing towns and setting up streets is a microcosm of the rapid development of Yangpu District in recent decades. This seemingly remote land has a unique geographical advantage and rich cultural heritage. Over time, the future can be expected.
Pujiang on all sides, Zangqiu River is angry.
At the Baidu Bridge outside Lujiazui, the Huangpu River in Hao Hao Tang Tang became wider and wider after joining the Wusong River.
In the lower reaches of Pujiang, I gave Dayangpu a big hug, surrounded by affection and anger. In contrast, the Gao Qiao area in Pudong is not as lively as Yangpu on the arch back of Huangpu River.
Huangpu River flows to Baoshan, then to the algae bank, and then to the Yangtze River at Wusongkou. But before the Ming Dynasty, the ancient Wusong River was the main passage to the sea, and the Huangpu River was only its tributary. After artificial persuasion, the present situation was formed, which was called "Huangpu won the Song Dynasty" in history. This point has been expounded in the article "The Overall Situation of Feng Shui in Shanghai".
As one of the most important water systems in Taihu Lake Basin, the ancient Wusong River was once extremely wide.
The important main road of Yangpu District, Kongjiang Road, was originally in this water area. Its road name is taken from a sentence in the Southern Song Dynasty's Yun Zhi: Negative sea controls the river. It means "negative East China Sea, control Yangtze River".
"Huangpu captured the Song Dynasty" laid the foundation for Shanghai's development. In the redefined Shanghai water system, the abandoned ancient road in the lower reaches of Wusong River is called "Old Wusong River", or "Old River" or "Autumn River" for short. Jiangwan District is named after Qujiang Panqu. At present, there are only a few rivers left in the Qiujiang River in the north of Yangpu District, but it is still one of the most important rivers in this area.
Although the ancient Wusong River is gone, the erosion and sedimentation of the river and the flow of life still exist for hundreds of years. With the increase of tall landmark buildings, these buildings are like ancient towers, blocking the airflow and gathering it, making it a bustling place.
Surrounded by the Pujiang River, it hides the anger of the Qiujiang River. It should be said that the geomantic conditions in Yangpu District are excellent.
In addition, as we have analyzed before, Shanghai is located in the northeast facing southwest, with Huangshan as the direction and Taihu Lake as the Hall of Fame. Long Mai rode upside down near the Dragon Column, showing the trend of "returning to the dragon and looking after his ancestors".
Yangpu District is the northeast gateway of Shanghai, that is, Shanghai's mountain position, that is, Xuanwu position, which is the foundation of Shanghai's stability.
Yangpu is stable, then Shanghai is stable. Over the past century, the National Government has chosen this place as the foundation of Shanghai's development. If history has given Dayangpu more opportunities, it may have become the core area of the city center.
Once "downtown"
Historically, Shanghai has always been the land of plenty in the south of the Yangtze River. However, it started with the establishment of the Shanghai Concession to truly enter the track of rapid development and becoming an international metropolis.
1843165438+1October 17, opened in Shanghai. 100 years later, Shanghai gradually became the most modern city in the whole eastern world. At the beginning of its opening, Shanghai had a population of only 500,000. 19 10 Shanghai is already a big port with a population of one million.
By 1927, with the victory of the Northern Expedition and the establishment of the National Government, Shanghai became the largest city in China, playing a decisive role in politics, economy and culture. Therefore, the national government placed high hopes on Shanghai and established the "Shanghai Special City"-this is the first time that Shanghai has left the "provincial system".
Chiang Kai-shek personally attended the celebration of the establishment of the special city and delivered a speech: "Shanghai Special City is comparable to ordinary cities, and Shanghai Special City is the first special city in East Asia. China's military, economic and traffic problems are not considered, and it is based on Shanghai Special City. If the Shanghai Special City cannot be sorted out, then China's military, economic and transportation problems will be clueless. "
The ideal is full, but the reality is very skinny. An embarrassing fact is in front of everyone: looking at the whole Shanghai urban area, only Zhabei and Heather (now Huangpu) are the borders of China, and other places are concessions. However, Zhabei and Heather were blocked by the concession and were not connected with each other. This situation is called the "Three-generation Quartet".
Since the opening of Shanghai, the scope of concession has been expanding.
"Cross-border road construction" is the most common tactic used by concession authorities to expand their borders. As early as the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), western forces helped the Qing government to suppress the Taiping Army, gained the right to build military roads outside the concession, and created a precedent for cross-border road construction. Since then, the concession authorities have built cross-border roads under various pretexts, and erected telephone poles, nailed house numbers, cleared land and set up patrol houses in these places, thus exercising jurisdiction in disguise and becoming a "quasi-concession".
In order to prevent the concession authorities from building roads across the border, the then Shanghai Special Municipal Government began to build a semicircular "Zhongshan Ring Road" in April. 1928. In the western part of the city, it runs north and south (mainly the section of Zhongshan North Road and Zhongshan West Road today), which can not only "hoop" the concession, but also communicate the north and south of China's border.
But just building roads is not enough to compete with the concession. In the long run, the Shanghai Special Municipal Government has brewed and implemented a very bold plan: the Greater Shanghai Plan.
Greater Shanghai plans to build government buildings, roads and other public facilities around Jiangwan Wujiaochang area in an attempt to build a new Shanghai outside the concession.
Wujiaochang was still a relatively remote rural area at that time. On the one hand, it is because the terrain here is flat, the villages are scarce, the land price is cheap, and it is easy to transform; On the other hand, considering the benefits of waterways, the future construction of Wusong New Port will become an important engine for Shanghai's development.
The new urban area is vast, with Zhabei and Concession in the southwest, Huangpu River in the east and Wusong in the north. The core administrative area is symmetrical left and right, just like a Chinese character. The municipal government building, the municipal library and the municipal museum are all in it. Taking this as the center, four roads extend in four directions: Sanmin Road (now Sanmen Road), Wuquan Road (now Minxing Road), World Road (now Datong Road) and Datong Road (unfinished). Lu Ming takes the political ideal of "three people and five rights, one family under the world".
At that time, the intersection of Xiangyin Road, Songhu Road and Huangxing Road was just a crossroads. Here, the municipal government opened a beautiful road (now siping road) to the southwest, which can go directly to the bustling concession and form a Wujiaochang pattern.
In the planning, the road system in the city center criss-crosses. The first word of the road name is taken from one of the nine words "Shanghai Municipal Government of the Republic of China", and the second word is a commendatory word for the country's peace and prosperity. Such as Lizheng Road, Guoding Road and Shiguang Road.
For Wujiaochang area, the Great Shanghai Plan undoubtedly provides a golden historical opportunity. The new urban area even looks like the "national capital".
Under the wave of "China Architecture Revival", important buildings such as municipal government, museums and libraries all adopted the style of imitating China classical architecture. It is as big as the Forbidden City. This has to remind people of Yuan Shikai and zhang xun restoration. Therefore, in order to avoid suspicion, we can only work hard on color and use the color matching of "blue sky and white flag", that is, "white walls and blue tiles".
However, in troubled times, the Great Shanghai Plan was not fully implemented. The poor financial resources of the municipal government, coupled with the heavy losses suffered by Jiangwan area in the first battle of 1932 Songhu, greatly delayed the implementation of the plan. 1937, Shanghai fell, and the Great Shanghai Plan was interrupted forever.
Nowadays, in Wujiaochang area, we can still see many old buildings of "Great Shanghai Plan" that survived the fire, and the unique road name system is still in use today for future generations to mourn this dusty history.
Centennial "old industrial base"
As we all know, Yangpu District is named after "Yangshupu". Yangshupu is both a river name and a place name.
Yangshupu, as the most important river in Hudong, starts from Zoumatang in the northwest and flows into Huangpu River in the southeast.
1869, the concession authorities built a road along Huangpu Riverside, which was named "Yangshupu Road" because it led to Yangshupu. In 1980s, 19 also "built a transit road", extending eastward to Gangdi Road (now Liping Road). This Yangshupu Road is known as "the first road in Hudong".
The construction of Yangshupu Road makes Huangpu Waterfront a hot spot. 1882, with the approval of Li Hongzhang, the official and commercial Shanghai Machine Paper Bureau was put into production here; 1883, British businessmen established Yangshupu Waterworks on the Huangpu River, which is the earliest modern waterworks in China. 1890, Shanghai weaving layout was officially put into production, which is the first machine cotton textile mill in China.
1894, treaty of shimonoseki allowed foreign businessmen to set up factories in China. Direct access to the concession center, along the low-cost and extremely low-cost Yangshupu Road, has become a beacon in the eyes of foreign businessmen. For a time, a large number of foreign capital poured in and set up factories.
Yangshupu area has therefore become the birthplace of modern industry in Shanghai. By 1927, there were 57 foreign-funded factories and 30 1 national industries in Yangpu District.
Because Yangpu District is located in Xuanwu Square, Shanghai, Xuanwu belongs to water and has the benefit of Pujiang, and tap water, shipbuilding, water transportation and fishery are relatively rich. Nowadays, strolling along Yangpu Riverside Avenue, Yangpu Waterworks and Shanghai Shipyard has become a landmark landscape. The famous "Oriental Fisherman's Wharf" rose from the original site of Shanghai Aquatic Products Market.
After the founding of New China, a large number of large and medium-sized enterprises moved in or built in Yangpu District because of its deep industrial foundation and vast territory. Yangpu District has therefore become an "old industrial base" and an important town of "Made in Shanghai".
There are many workers in Yangpu District. There used to be a saying in the society: "The hooligans in Zhabei and the gangsters in Hongkou are not as hard as the fists of the working class in Yangpu."
Workers' New Village once took root in Yangpu District, providing shelter for workers living in humble shacks, factories and old-fashioned alleys. Among them, the earliest "20,000 households" was built, which provided shelter for at least three generations of Shanghainese. ("20,000 households" is a two-story house with five rooms up and down and a shared kitchen on the ground floor. In the early 1950s, * * * built 2,000 buildings to accommodate 20,000 families, hence the name "20,000 households". )
The workers in the new village used to be symbols of social status. Especially the residents of the original new village are mostly model workers and advanced workers. At that time, there was a slogan called "One person lives in Xincun, and the whole factory is glorious".
In the 1990s, with the new round of renewal of Shanghai's urban functions, a large number of factories in Yangpu District closed down and turned losses into profits. Since the 20th century, Yangpu District has gradually torn off the label of "old industrial base" and embarked on a road of transformation and development.
If the "Great Shanghai Plan" was successfully implemented in those years, Yangpu District may have taken on a new look in time. But history has no ifs, only the present and the future are known.
Lock town angry, call forth Luo Xing.
In the past, Yangpu District's industrial prosperity was due to Huangpu River. The future prosperity and promotion of Yangpu District cannot be separated from Huangpu River.
Huangpu River has a characteristic. Although it is a tributary of the Yangtze River, the direction of water flow is from south to north. This has an advantage, that is, it can avoid the backward flow of tides, which will lead to the backward flow of salty seawater, scour dikes, prop up the river course, slow down the water flow and block the river course with sediment deposition.
In geomantic omen, Yang Zhai opens the door to release water, and the sprinkler in the house faces outwards. In the opposite direction, water vapor gathers but does not disperse, and water gathers and gathers wealth.
For Shanghai, the Yangtze River is external water and the Huangpu River is internal water.
After Huangpu River encircles Yangpu, it flows from southeast to northwest, and flows into the Yangtze River, so as to gather water and wealth for the outside world. This countercurrent is related to the economy and wealth of Yangpu area and even Shanghai area.
Yangshupu area has always been in the forefront of Yangpu District. In the 1990s, with the development of Pudong, Yangpu Bridge was built, like a ship lock to block the river, which brought vitality to the upper reaches of Huangpu River south of the bridge.
However, from the upper reaches of Huangpu River to Wusongkou, north of Yangpu Bridge, because there is no income, money comes in and goes out, prospering and losing, which doesn't really reflect the vigorous affection of Huangpu River and Qiu Jiang. Therefore, the details of Yangpu have not been fully developed.
If there is a large landmark to lock the town and stop the river to gather the vitality of the lower reaches of Huangpu River, it will become a new first-class area in Shanghai. Two points are particularly important.
The first place is Wusongkou.
Near Wusongkou in the Ming Dynasty, there was a heaped-up mountain more than 30 feet high, located in the northeast of Gao Qiao, Pudong. The beacon tower is set on the earth mountain, burning smoke during the day and burning bonfires at night, making it a large navigation mark. This earthen mountain was named "Baoshan" by the Ming Emperor Judy.
In addition to navigation, "Baoshan" is actually an artificial luoxing, which can calm anger.
The so-called "Luoxing" is the mountain where the water mouth intercepts the gas. But not all the mountains in the water can be called Luoxing. What goes upstream is the real Luoxing. Rowing against the current, the upstream head is big and the downstream tail is small. Rowing against the current, the life of collecting water is really Luoxing.
Swimmers are also Luoxing, but the gas interception effect is poor; Go with the flow, that is, the upstream head is small and the downstream tail is big, which does not belong to Luoxing.
Later, the "Baoshan" in Wusongkou sank into the river, leaving the name "Baoshan" vacant.
Now Changxing Island, small in the front and big in the back, goes with the flow. It's just a sandbar along the water, and it can't be used for Luoxing.
In the future, if a landmark town can be built on the shore of Wusongkou, or at the intersection of Zaobang and Huangpu River, and the town mouth can be locked, then the prosperity of Yangpu, especially Jiangwan, will be greatly improved, which will also be beneficial to the whole Shanghai.
The second place is Fuxing Island.
Fuxing Island, originally a shoal, was later formed into a crescent-shaped artificial island through silt accumulation and artificial landfill. Fuxing Island is the only enclosed inland island in Pujiang, with the widest point of 550 meters. There is a Japanese villa "White Deer" on the island. According to records, Chiang Kai-shek had a short stay here before leaving the mainland.
The geomantic geography of Fuxing Island is of great significance. Located at the intersection of the Huangpu River on the surface and the underground old Qiu Jiang, it is the intersection of life and can receive the life of the new river and the old river.
In addition, Fuxing Island, with a wide front and a small back, is a real Luoxing. But Luoxing is topped by rocks, followed by sandbars. Fuxing Island is just a sandbar, and it needs a landmark building to enhance its function, so as to gather the vitality of the North Bund and Yangpu District and make these areas become places where vitality gathers and business life flourishes. This landmark is as important to Huangpu and Lujiazui as the Oriental Pearl.
Yangpu District is not the root of Shanghai culture, but it is the birthplace of Shanghai industry, the seat of Shanghai and the foundation of Shanghai's stability. Yangpu has the shadow of underground Qiu Jiang, as well as all beings surrounded by Pujiang on the surface, and prospers together with Fuxing Island.
The future level of Yangpu, especially the prosperity north of Yangpu Bridge and east of Wujiaochang, depends on the development of Fuxing Island. Fuxing Island must remain an isolated island separated by a river and avoid becoming an integrated place. Once Luoxing is revived and the vitality of Qiu Jiang and Pujiang is restored, Dayangpu will become one of the most dynamic and energetic places in Shanghai.
Wujiaochang, as the gateway to the market center in the "Great Shanghai Plan", is very important for Yangpu District. Next, we will uncover the Feng Shui secret of Wujiaochang, so stay tuned!