First, koji is used to bring grain, and the raw materials are diverse: other famous vinegars mostly use glutinous rice or bran as raw materials, and the varieties are relatively single. In addition, Xiaoqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), wheat koji or red koji were used as saccharifying starter, and the dosage of Xiaoqu was less than 1% of that of glutinous rice, and that of wheat koji was about 6% of that of glutinous rice, and that of red koji was 25% of that of glutinous rice. The proportion of sorghum and bran in Shanxi mature vinegar is as high as 1: 1. Using barley pea Daqu as saccharifying starter, the ratio of barley pea was 7: 3, and the ratio of Daqu to sorghum was as high as 55% ~ 62.5%. It's called saccharification starter, but it actually uses koji instead of grain. It has many kinds of raw materials and complete nutrients, especially high content of protein. Shanxi over-mature vinegar contains 18 kinds of amino acids, which has good freshness and taste-changing effect.
Second, the quality of koji is excellent, and the types of microorganisms are rich: other famous koji used for vinegar are mainly Rhizopus and yeast, wheat koji is mainly Aspergillus flavus, and red koji is mainly red koji. All the above microbial populations can be reflected in the Red Heart Daqu, but other microbial populations in the Red Heart Daqu may not be reflected in the above Daqu, especially the rich mycin in Daqu, which makes Shanxi mature vinegar form a unique aroma and smell.
3. Smoked fermented grains originated in Shanxi, and smoked flavor is a typical flavor of Shanxi mature vinegar: smoked fermented grains are a unique skill of Shanxi mature vinegar, which can organically combine the ester flavor, fragrance and aging flavor of Shanxi mature vinegar; At the same time, smoked fermented grains can also obtain satisfactory color of Shanxi mature vinegar, and compared with other famous vinegars, there is no need for additional color matching.
Fourth, highlight aging and replace aging with new vinegar: Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar and Sichuan Baoning bran vinegar are aged with vinegar instead of new vinegar, and the aging cycle is 20 ~ 30 days and about one year respectively; Only Shanxi old vinegar is aged with new vinegar instead of fermented grains, and the aging period is generally 9 ~ 12 months, and some of them are as long as several years. The traditional craft is called "ice fishing in summer and winter". After solar evaporation and ice fishing in winter, the concentration of new vinegar is more than three times that of the original. The total acid content of Shanxi mature vinegar is 9 ~ 1 1 degree, and its specific gravity, concentration, viscosity, soluble solids, nonvolatile acid, total sugar, reducing sugar, total ester and amino acid nitrogen all rank first in China vinegar. Due to the conversion of ester acid, the condensation of alcohol and aldehyde in the aging process, the proportion of nonvolatile acid increases, and the acidity of aged vinegar is delicate and soft.
To sum up, the typical flavor characteristics of Shanxi mature vinegar are: brownish red, shiny, uniform and thick; The unique vinegar, ester, fragrance and aging fragrance of this product are rich, harmonious and delicate; It is mellow and soft, moderately sweet and sour, slightly fresh, and has a long aftertaste. It has the unique style of "fragrant, sour, soft and long" of Shanxi mature vinegar. The function of vinegar: 1. Vinegar can stimulate appetite, promote the secretion of saliva and gastric juice, help digestion and absorption, make appetite strong and promote digestion and accumulation; 2. Vinegar has good bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, and can effectively prevent intestinal diseases, influenza and respiratory diseases; 3. vinegar can soften blood vessels and lower cholesterol, which is a good prescription for patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension; 4. Vinegar can protect skin and hair well. In the ancient medicine of China, there was a record that vinegar was used as medicine. It was believed that vinegar had the effects of promoting hair growth, beautifying, lowering blood pressure and losing weight. 5. Vinegar can eliminate fatigue, promote sleep, and relieve discomfort symptoms of motion sickness and seasickness; 6. Vinegar can also reduce the alcohol concentration in gastrointestinal tract and blood, and play the role of sobering up; 7. Vinegar can also soften chicken bones and shark fins and promote the absorption of calcium. In addition, vinegar can dissipate blood stasis, stop bleeding, detoxify and kill insects. It can be used for treating postpartum blood halo, scabies, jaundice, yellow sweat, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia, pudendal pruritus, carbuncle and swelling. Detoxify fish and vegetables. In life, vinegar is more widely used, which can be eaten by the general population, but it is forbidden for those with damp-heat in the spleen and stomach and those with initial exogenous diseases; People with gastric ulcer and hyperacidity should not be jealous. Application of vinegar: 1. Rinse your mouth in time to protect your teeth after eating vinegar-dipped jiaozi dishes or being jealous; 2. When cooking, the best time to add vinegar is at both ends, that is, add vinegar immediately after the raw materials are put into the pot, and add vinegar before the dishes are put out of the pot, the first time should be more, and the second time should be less; 3. Vinegar can be used for raw materials that need to be deodorized and greasy, such as cooking aquatic products or stomach, intestine and heart. , can eliminate the fishy smell and peculiar smell, and some raw materials with heavy fishy smell can also be impregnated with vinegar in advance; 4. Vinegar is used to cook raw materials with bones, such as ribs and fish, which can soften bone spurs, promote the dissolution of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus in bones and increase nutrients. According to Huangdi Neijing, when edema patients avoid salt, vinegar can be used instead; As early as the Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo used vinegar to treat abdominal pain caused by ascaris. In ancient Rome, people used vinegar to treat wounds; By the middle ages, Europe had been disinfected with vinegar. In Shanxi, China, there is a folk saying that "if you have two handfuls of vinegar at home, you don't have to go to the drugstore". Shanxi Qingxu Mature Vinegar Factory with a long history (now the predecessor of Shanxi Mature Vinegar Group) once conducted a health survey among three generations of retired workers. It was surprisingly found that almost none of the workers in these vinegar factories had cancer, and the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases was very low, less than 65,438+0%. Moreover, the prevalence rate of the above diseases among the family members of the workers in the vinegar factory is far lower than that of the local general population. 1. In our country, there is a saying that "aged vinegar is better than countless medicines for constipation", which is undoubtedly the life experience of the people. Modern scientific research shows that mature vinegar is rich in amino acids, some glycolytic enzymes and various unsaturated fatty acids. Taking aged vinegar can promote intestinal peristalsis, reduce blood lipid, neutralize some toxins and maintain the balance of ecological flora in intestinal environment. Applying dietotherapy to treat habitual constipation is not only effective, but also has no side effects. If you put six or seven drops of old vinegar in the soup of each meal, it will not only taste delicious, but also treat beauty. If you stick to it, constipation will gradually disappear. If constipation has a long history, you can drink a mouthful of old vinegar and a glass of cold water on an empty stomach every morning. After taking it for a week, it will receive certain curative effect. 2. Prevention and treatment of enteritis and dysentery Because vinegar contains acetic acid, it has astringent effect, which can not only inhibit bacterial reproduction, but even kill some bacteria in food. The suitable living environment for Shigella dysenteriae is alkaline. After eating vinegar, change the survival of Shigella dysenteriae and kill it. Therefore, vinegar can prevent and treat dysentery. Acidic environment can improve the bactericidal function of garlic by 4 times, so it is more ideal to treat dysentery and enteritis with vinegar and garlic. 3. When vinegar is used to prevent and treat some common high fever diseases, a towel soaked in diluted vinegar can be applied to the skin of the forehead to lower the body temperature; Gargling with vinegar can treat mild laryngitis; When scalding happens, washing with vinegar can relieve pain, reduce swelling and prevent foaming, and there is no mark after injury. Vinegar also has the function of preventing and treating other common diseases, especially the "fearless" influenza virus, and vinegar has a good killing effect. In our country, people are used to cooking old vinegar on indoor fire to fumigate the air to prevent influenza. 4. Old vinegar peanuts-"Tianxianpei" When someone orders this old vinegar peanut cold dish at the dinner table, someone always praises this dish as good and can lower blood fat. Soaking peanuts in vinegar is good for your health. Peanut contains 40%-50% fat, twice as much as soybean and higher than rapeseed. It contains about 30% protein, which is more than twice that of wheat and three times that of rice. And the digestibility of peanut protein is about 90%. In addition, peanuts also contain riboflavin, calcium, phosphorus, lecithin, choline, unsaturated fatty acids and various vitamins, so peanuts are called "longevity fruit" in Chinese medical classics. Jealousy is very beneficial to human health. Vinegar can promote metabolism, help the body rest, eliminate fatigue and prevent arteriosclerosis and hypertension. In daily life, cooking food with vinegar skillfully as seasoning is beneficial to health. Vinegar is not only a condiment, but also a health food. Besides a lot of acetic acid, vinegar also contains calcium, iron, gluconic acid, lactic acid, glycerol, fatty acids and salts. In terms of eating, vinegar can dissolve calcium and iron in food, which is convenient for human body to absorb and protect the nutrients in food from being destroyed. Nutritional analysis 1. Vinegar can stimulate appetite, promote the secretion of saliva and gastric juice, help digestion and absorption, make appetite strong and promote digestion and accumulation;
2. Vinegar has good bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, and can effectively prevent intestinal diseases, influenza and respiratory diseases;
3. vinegar can soften blood vessels and lower cholesterol, which is a good prescription for patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension;
4. Vinegar can protect skin and hair well. In the ancient medicine of China, there was a record that vinegar was used as medicine. It was believed that vinegar had the effects of promoting hair growth, beautifying, lowering blood pressure and losing weight.
5. Vinegar can eliminate fatigue, promote sleep, and relieve discomfort symptoms of motion sickness and seasickness;
6. Vinegar can reduce the alcohol concentration in gastrointestinal tract and blood, and play the role of sobering up;
7. Vinegar can also soften bone spurs such as chicken bones and fish bones and promote the absorption of calcium.
8. The function of vinegar can enhance renal function.
9. The function of vinegar can prevent cancer. Recently, the joint research team of Kanazawa Medical University and Kyoto University in Japan confirmed that black vinegar with brown rice as raw material has anticancer effect through mouse experiments.
10. The function of vinegar can also treat insomnia-insomnia patients pour a glass of cold water before going to bed, add 1 spoon of vinegar, and they will fall asleep soon after drinking it. Rubbing your feet with warm old vinegar before going to bed will also make you fall asleep easily.
1 1. The function of vinegar can treat rhinitis-put about 5 ml of aged vinegar into a brush with a capacity of 1000 ml and wash your nostrils twice a day at 1, which can treat rhinitis.
12. The function of vinegar can treat sprain-mix flour into paste, add proper amount of aged vinegar, apply it on paper or gauze, and stick it on the affected area. When it's dry, gently uncover it and put it on. Sticking it several times can eliminate the burning sensation and pain at the sprain. This method is effective for trauma such as dislocation of bone and joint and traumatic injury.