Zhuangzi's works are included in the book Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi was written in the pre-Qin period. Sima Qian said that "Zhuangzi wrote hundreds of thousands of words", and Han Art and the History of Literature recorded 52 articles. There are only 33 articles in Zhuangzi with more than 65,000 words, which are divided into three parts: internal articles, external articles and miscellaneous articles. Among them, there are seven chapters: vagrancy, the theory of everything, the master of health preservation, the world, the moral worship of happiness, the master, and the emperor; Chapter 15: Thumb, Horseshoe, Ruxiang, Heaven and Earth, Heaven, Destiny, Deliberate, Moderation, Autumn Water, Happiness, Happiness, Mountain Tree and Tian Zifang. Eleven miscellaneous articles: Geng Sangchu, Xu Wugui, Ze Yang, foreign objects, fables, letting the king, stealing the foot, telling the sword, fishing father, setting the imperial court, and the world.
There are 52 Zhuangzi in Hanshu, and 33 are now circulating, which may have been deleted by Guo Xiang in the Jin Dynasty. These thirty-three articles are all sorted out by Guo Xiang, and their titles and chapters are also different from those of the Han Dynasty.
It is generally believed that Zhuangzi was written by Zhuangzi. This view has been questioned since the Song Dynasty. Later, it was generally believed that seven articles in Inner Chapter were written by Zhuangzi, and fifteen articles in Outer Chapter were written by Zhuangzi's disciples or Zhuangzi's cooperation with his disciples, which reflected Zhuangzi's true thoughts. The situation of Eleven Essays is more complicated, and it should be written by Zhuangzi School. Some people think that it is not all the thoughts of Zhuangzi School, such as "stealing feet" and "saying swords".
Zhuangzi takes fable, tautology and nonsense as the main forms of expression, inherits Laozi's theory and advocates liberalism, while despising the dignitaries in etiquette and advocating freedom. This philosophical thought is reflected in the internal chapters of On Wuqi, Wandering around and The Master.
Zhuangzi is of great philosophical and literary research value. It is called "San Xuan" together with Zhouyi and Laozi. Lu Xun said in the Outline of China Literature History that Zhuangzi was "the first of hundred schools of thought's works in the late Zhou Dynasty". Famous articles include Happy Travel, The Theory of Everything, Health Master, etc. And "My Clever Understanding of Cattle" in "Master of Health" is especially popular in later generations. Zhuangzi's articles are imaginative and magnificent. Wang Yang's writing style is bold, magnificent and mysterious, which is a model of the pre-Qin philosophers' articles. Its structure is very strange, it doesn't look tight, it often comes suddenly, does whatever it wants, changes for no reason, sometimes it seems irrelevant and jumps up and down at will, but its thoughts can run through. Sentences are also rich and varied, smooth or inverted, long or short, with richer vocabulary, detailed description, irregular rhyming, expressive, original and highly literary value.
Generally speaking, Zhuangzi's prose has a romantic style, which is rare in ancient Chinese prose. It is unique in the history of China literature and has a far-reaching influence on later literature. His prose system has been divorced from the form of records, marking the development of pre-Qin prose to a mature stage. It can be said that Zhuangzi represents the highest achievement of pre-Qin prose.
1.2022 congratulatory message in "Beijing" language.
1, Jingzhe is busy with keeping in good health, drinking tiaoqi tea skillfully, mixing platycodo