Pantheon, also translated as Pantheon and Panthion Temple, is the only well-preserved building in the Roman Empire. It was built by agrippa, the son-in-law of Octavian, the first emperor of the Roman Empire, in 27-25 BC to worship the gods on Mount Olympia. It can be described as a classic building in Augustus.

The fire in 80 AD destroyed most of the Pantheon, leaving only a rectangular colonnade with 16 granite pillars and a height of 12.5 meters. This part was used as the porch of the Pantheon and was later rebuilt. The top of the porch is engraved with the words commemorating the early construction period, and the original building scale of the Pantheon can still be seen from the eight huge pillars on the front of the porch.

2. Grand Theatre

Colosseum (Italian: Colosseo, English: Colosseum), formerly known as Flavium amphiaterum, has also been translated into Colosseum and Colosseum. It was a place where slave owners, nobles and freemen watched fighting animals or slaves fight during the Roman Empire.

From the appearance, it is a right circle; Looking down at it, it is oval. Covering an area of about 20,000 square meters, the major axis is about 188 meters, the minor axis is about 156 meters, the perimeter is about 527 meters, and the wall is about 57 meters high. This huge building can accommodate nearly 90 thousand people.

3. Cathedral of the Virgin Mary

Whether it is its golden ceiling or mosaic decoration dating back to15th century, this magnificent and solemn church has attracted worldwide attention. It was built by Notre Dame Cathedral in12nd century, and it is also one of the oldest buildings in Italy.

4. St. Peter's Cathedral

St Peter's Cathedral is also called St Peter's Cathedral and Vatican Hall. Designed by Michelangelo, it is the Vatican's Pontifical Temple, which was built from 1506 to 1626 and is one of the important symbols of Catholicism.

5. Rectangular Hall

Basilica is a public building in ancient Rome, which is characterized by a rectangular plane, a circle of colonnades on the outside, a main entrance on the long side, an ear room on the short side, and a strip arch ticket as the roof. Later church buildings originated in basilica, but the main entrance was changed to a short side. The word basilica comes from Greek, which means "the king's hall". The full name of Latin is rectangular hall. Originally a luxury building in a big city, it was used as a palace or a big shopping mall.

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Ancient Roman architecture is a pearl in the treasure house of architectural art, which bears the architectural style of ancient Greek civilization, highlights the characteristics of the Mediterranean region, and is also a development of ancient Greek architecture. Rome became a powerful country in the Mediterranean in the 2nd century BC, and at the same time, the Romans also started the construction project of Rome. By the time the Roman Empire was founded in 1 century, Rome had become a world-class city with the same reputation as Chang 'an in the East. Its urban infrastructure construction has been relatively perfect, and the city has gradually developed in the direction of art. Roman architecture is very different from its sculpture art and is famous for its symmetry and grandeur.

The ancient Romans liked to build buildings with frame structures very much. Ancient Roman architecture is generally characterized by thick masonry walls, semicircular arches, layered door frame decorations and cross vault structures.

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Baidu encyclopedia-Rome? Baidu encyclopedia-ancient Roman architecture