(1) The classification of autotrophic microorganisms and heterotrophic microorganisms is mainly based on whether inorganic carbon can be used as the main or only carbon source for growth, regardless of nitrogen source. Autotrophic microorganisms use CO2 or carbonate as the only carbon source for metabolic growth; Heterotrophic microorganisms must use organic matter as carbon source for metabolic growth.

(2) Energy of autotrophic microorganisms

(1) Utilization of light energy, such as cyanobacteria.

(2) Depending on the energy released during the oxidation of substances, such as nitrifying bacteria, the chemical energy released during the oxidation of NH3 can be utilized, and NH3 is both a nitrogen source and an energy source.

(3) The energy of heterotrophic microorganisms: mainly comes from the oxidative decomposition of organic matter, and carbon source not only provides heterotrophic microorganisms with substances that constitute cells, but also provides them with the energy needed to complete the whole life activities.

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