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It can combine with morphine receptor to produce the same pain relief and euphoria as morphine and opioids. The same natural painkillers. The use of drugs can increase the secretion of endorphins. English endorphin is a simplified form of endorphin, which has an internal meaning. endo morphine is the English name of morphine, so endorphin means morphine-like substance made by the brain itself. It belongs to pharmacology, not chemical formula. It can regulate the secretion of pituitary hormones, has similar structure and function to morphine, and its analgesic effect is 50- 100 times stronger than morphine. Exercise is related to certain foods (such as morphine). Chocolate can stimulate the brain to produce endorphins, which in turn produces morphine-like comfort; It is a hormone that can make people feel happy, serene, harmonious and self-healing. Usually through aerobic exercise for more than 30 minutes, a small amount of endorphins can be produced in the human body. Studies have shown that kissing can also produce a certain amount of endorphins.
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1975, endorphins were discovered by two independent researchers at the same time. John hughes and Hans Costel first discovered three kinds of endorphins in pig brain, namely α(alpha), β(beta) and γ (gamma). At that time, they called it enkephalin (Greek ε γ κ from the brain? φαλο? , changed). At the same time, another group of American researchers Rabi Simantov and Solomon H. Snyder found endorphins in the head of cattle. Eric Simon (who later discovered the morphine receptor in human body) called it endorphin, which is the abbreviation of endogenous morphine. In fact, morphine itself is not a peptide, but recent studies have found that human or animal muscle cells can produce morphine, and endorphin is also a kind of endorphin, which is also very helpful to relieve pain.
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Mechanism of action
Endorphins are a regulatory substance secreted by specific cells of organisms. Acting by binding to receptors: (1) Dealing with the interrelationships between hormones and factors such as nervous system, blood flow and blood pressure. (2) Control the morphogenesis of various tissue growth types and rates. (3) Keep the intracellular environment constant. β -endorphin is released into the pituitary gland in the blood and enters hypothalamic neurons in the spinal cord and brain. β -endorphin is released into the blood, so it cannot enter β-endorphin, which can measure the importance of blood, because the physiological blood-brain barrier is very unclear to a large number of brains. β -endorphin is the decomposition product of pro-melanocortin and the precursor hormone of ACTH. The behavior of β -endorphin affects the activity of brain and spinal cord, and it may also be the main source of β -endorphin in hypothalamus neurons in these websites. When the level of adrenocorticotropic hormone increases there (such as Cushing's syndrome), the level of endorphins also increases slightly. β -endorphin has opioid receptor μ 1, μ2, δ is the affinity between opioid receptor and opioid receptor, κ 1 is slightly lower, and the affinity is the highest. The main receptor of μ opioid receptor, through which morphine behavior. Classical μ opioid receptor synapses inhibit the release of neurotransmitters, although through this mechanism, they inhibit the release of GABA-inhibited neurotransmitters and release dopamine pathway, resulting in more dopamine being released. In the process of hijacking, exogenous opioids will lead to improper dopamine release and abnormal synaptic plasticity, which will lead to addiction. Opioid receptors have many other more important brains and peripheries. The functions of regulating pain, heart, stomach and blood vessels, as well as possible panic and satiety, often exist in synaptic sites and presynaptic sites with receptors.
function
The runner's sense of joy "runner is high" means that when the amount of exercise exceeds a certain stage, endorphins will be secreted in the body. Long-term, sustained, moderate to severe exercise and deep breathing are also conditions for endorphin secretion. Long-term exercise exhausts glycogen in muscles, leaving only oxygen, and endorphins will be secreted. These sports include running, swimming, cross-country skiing, long-distance boating, cycling, weight lifting, aerobic dance or ball games (such as basketball, football or American football). Acupuncture will stimulate some specific points of the body with acupuncture needles, thus triggering the production of endorphins and alleviating the pain of patients. Relaxation In 2003, clinical researchers reported that deep relaxation in a floating box would trigger the production of endorphins. This illustrates the experience during the pain relief floating meeting. The placenta tissue source of the fetus-syncytium-secretes β -from endorphins in the maternal blood system until the third month of pregnancy. A recent study [20] provides an adaptive background for this phenomenon. The author believes that the fetus makes the mother rely on endorphins, and then controls them to increase the nutritional distribution to the placenta. At present, active scientists are arguing about judging the level of endorphins in human body. At present, many data about endorphins are obtained from animal experiments, not from human clinical experiments. Because human experiments can only measure the level of endorphins in human plasma, they can't really measure the level of endorphins in the central nervous system. Some experiments use some morphine-like antagonists (such as naloxone) to indirectly measure the level of endorphins. Spices such as red pepper contain capsaicin, which can stimulate the secretion of endorphins. The hotter the pepper, the higher the secretion. These capsaicin are also drugs for chronic pain.