Famous sayings and sentences in ancient Chinese composition of college entrance examination (1)
1, love, people always love it; People who respect others will always respect others. ? "Mencius? Under the rule of Li Lou. "
[Interpretation] People who love others will always love and respect others, and others will always respect him. How you treat others, others will often treat you in the same way. If you want to be loved, you must love others. H: often.
2. If you don't obey the rules, you can't be Fiona Fang. ? "Mencius? On Li Lou "
[Interpretation] It is impossible to draw rectangles and circles without compasses and rulers. We must abide by certain rules and regulations in our life and work, otherwise, we will go our own way and fall into chaos. Rules: rules and moments, two tools to correct circles and squares.
3, the granary actually knows etiquette, food and clothing are enough to know honor and disgrace. ? "pipe? herdsman
[Interpretation] The granary is full, and the people understand the etiquette system; People don't know honor or disgrace until they have enough to eat and wear warm clothes. Material civilization is the foundation of spiritual civilization. People who govern the country should first consider the lives of ordinary people. Forest (lǐn): granary. Reality: enrichment.
4, the difference is a mile, and the difference is a thousand miles. ? Book of rites? Jing Jie
[Interpretation] There are small mistakes at first, and if they are not corrected in time, they will eventually lead to big mistakes. Everything is difficult at the beginning, so we must be cautious; Scientific research must be precise and meticulous, otherwise it will cause great losses. Millimeter: a small unit of measurement, described as very small or very small. Miao (mi? ): Error.
5, the ruler is short, and the inch is long; Lack of things, lack of wisdom. ? Warring States period? Chu? Qu Yuan's Buju
[Interpretation] Although a ruler is longer than an inch, it is shorter than something longer. Although an inch is shorter than a ruler, it is longer than something short. Things always have their shortcomings, and smart people always have places where they are not smart. People or things have their own advantages and disadvantages, so don't seek perfection and blame, but foster strengths and avoid weaknesses.
6. Get more help and less help. ? "Mencius? Ugliness in the sun
[Interpretation] People who have truth and justice can get more help, while those who violate truth and justice rarely get help. It tells us that truth and justice are invincible.
7. If you study alone and have no friends, you will be ignorant. ? Book of rites? Xue Ji
[Interpretation] If a person studies without friends to discuss, he will be ignorant. Facts have proved that learning partners are conducive to the progress of learning.
8, wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. ? "Mencius? Under the rule of Teng Wengong. "
[Interpretation] Wealth can't confuse his mind, poverty can't make him change his moral integrity, and power can't make him yield. Only by doing these three things can you be called a gentleman. Mencius' words have been passed down from generation to generation, inspiring countless Chinese sons and daughters.
9. The high shore is a valley, and the deep valley is a mausoleum. ? The Book of Songs? At the turn of October
[Interpretation] Highlands become valleys, and deep valleys become mountains. According to scientific speculation, this place in the Himalayas was still the sea of Wang Yang 70 million years ago, and the sea has changed, which is a metaphor for the changeable world. It is also a metaphor that under certain conditions, things always change to the opposite side.
10, if a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first. ? The Analects of Confucius? Wei Linggong "
[Interpretation] If a craftsman wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools in advance. It can be seen that a person must first learn skills to be competent for the job. If you read a good book today, you can do a lot tomorrow.
1 1, bow to others. ? The Analects of Confucius? Wei Linggong "
Blame yourself more and others less. This sentence is to be strict with yourself and be lenient with others. Be strict with yourself, and progress will be fast; Forgive others and you will stay away from resentment. Bow to yourself: yourself. ? Thick? After omitting one? Responsibility? Words. Responsibility: blame, demand.
12, so the wood is straight and the gold is sharp when tied with rope. ? Xunzi? Persuasive learning
[Interpretation] After the wood is processed into a straight line with the carpenter's ink line (woodworking tool), it becomes straight; When a metal object is sharpened on a millstone, it can be sharpened. These two metaphors are used to illustrate that after learning and self-reflection, people will become smart, will not make mistakes, and will become stronger and stronger. Taste (l? ): whetstone.
13, the good knows its evil, and the evil knows its beauty. ? Book of rites? University "
[Interpretation] For the person you like, you should know his shortcomings and not be partial; For people you don't like, you should know their advantages and never erase them. We should evaluate a person objectively and fairly, not emotionally, and not biased because of our own quality.
14, fortunes depend on each other, and happiness and misfortune lurk. ? Laozi
[Interpretation] Disaster depends on happiness, and happiness lurks disaster. It tells us that under certain conditions, fate can be transformed into each other. We should be prepared for danger in times of peace, and don't lose heart in adversity. Xi(xρ): Modal particle, equivalent to? Huh? . Lean on (yǐ): lean on. V: lurk, hide.
15. Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you. ? The Analects of Confucius? Yan Yuan "
[Interpretation] If you don't like it, don't impose it on others. You don't like being hungry and cold. Don't impose it on others. Shame is something you don't like, don't impose it on others. Empathy, putting yourself in others' shoes, thinking about others' interests and harms from your own interests and harms, and thinking more about others are the principles you should pursue in your life. Desire: want, hope. Don't (w? S: Here you are.
Famous Words and Sentences in Ancient Chinese Composition of College Entrance Examination (Ⅱ)
1, the beauty of a gentleman is not the evil of adults, but that of young people. ? The Analects of Confucius? Yan Yuan "
[Interpretation] A gentleman fulfills the good things of others and does not encourage the bad things of others. The villain is just the opposite. The beauty of adults will become a gentleman if they accumulate goodness and become virtue; Adult's evil, bitter, is a villain. A gentleman is respected, and a villain is reviled. Gentleman: A person with noble personality. Villain: refers to a person with a despicable character. On the contrary: on the contrary.
2. Upright people are upright, and villains are often compassionate. ? The Analects of Confucius? Say and again. "
[Interpretation] an upright man is open and poised is broad-minded, but the villain is often embarrassed and sad. An upright man is open and poised, contented, kind to others, contented, so he can be frank. The villain is too eager, suffering from loss, anxiety, complaint and embarrassment, so he is often worried. Open-minded and free. Sorrow: the expression of fear and anxiety.
3, the gentleman has three precepts: when he was young, his blood gas was undecided, and his color was empty; It is also strong and bloody, and it is fighting; Even when you are old, your blood is failing and you can quit. ? The Analects of Confucius? Kishi
[Interpretation] There are three things that a gentleman should be wary of in his life: he is growing bones and muscles when he is young, and his blood has not yet been finalized. He must be vigilant on the issue of men and women; In the prime of life, you are strong and energetic, so you should be alert to unprincipled disputes and struggles; When you are old, your physical strength and energy are poor, so be wary of greed. For teenagers, this sentence raises the question that puppy love will affect their physical and mental health. From today's perspective, Confucius? Lust, caution and war? This sentence still has guiding significance for us.
4, the friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as light as water. ? Book of rites? Watch "
[Interpretation] A gentleman makes friends as plain as water, while a villain makes friends as sweet wine (thick and sweet). A gentleman's friendship is not mutually beneficial, so it looks dull and natural, so it can last for a long time; Small partners all have the intention of taking advantage of each other's profits, and it is inevitable that they will be insincere, artificial and sweet-mouthed, which is difficult to last. O: contact and communication. Li: Sweet wine.
5. reciprocity. It is indecent not to come; It is also impolite to come and not go. ? Book of rites? Qu Lishang "
[Interpretation] Etiquette focuses on mutual communication: something does not conform to etiquette; It is impolite to give and take. In interpersonal communication, people should treat each other as equals and help each other. Sean: This is very important.
6, running water does not rot, the home is not awkward. ? "Lu Chunqiu? All "
[Interpretation] Running water will not rot, and the door shaft that rotates frequently will not be eaten by insects. It is a metaphor that things that are often exercised are not easy to be eroded and can remain unchanged for a long time. This sentence vividly illustrates? Moving? Great significance: life lies in movement, the brain lies in starting, and talents also need to flow. Everything in the universe is moving, and there is no world without movement. Rot: rancid. Hub (sh): the rotation axis of the door. Hey (d? ): rot.
7, full of losses, modest benefits. ? "book? Da Mo Yu
[Interpretation] Pride and complacency will inevitably suffer, while modesty will gain. Many facts in history have proved the correctness of this famous saying. Emperor Taizong was able to listen to the opinions of his subordinates with an open mind, and the country was well governed. Zhenguan rule? Peace and prosperity; But in his later years, he became complacent and suffered a crushing defeat when attacking North Korea. Tang Xuanzong was very clever when he first became emperor. He became proud after his political and economic achievements, which led to? An Shi rebellion? The Tang Dynasty declined from then on.
8. Be sensitive and cautious. ? The Analects of Confucius? Learning "
[Interpretation] Diligent and agile, and cautious in speaking. This sentence tells us to do more practical things, talk less nonsense and talk less nonsense. Min: Diligent. Be careful: be careful, be careful.
9. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. ? "Lao tze? Chapter sixty-four "
[Interpretation] A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. It is a metaphor that the success of anything starts from scratch and gradually accumulates from small to large. The hardest part is actually in the beginning Without a beginning, there will be no result. Everything should start with small things.
10, perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved. ? Xunzi? Persuasive learning
[Interpretation] I gave up after carving for a while, and even the rotten wood kept carving; If you insist on carving, even stones can be carved successfully. This metaphor is intended to show that if you learn to do things, you can only succeed if you persevere; A little taste, nothing. Zhe (Qi? ) hey (l? U): carving.
1 1, people have no faith and don't know what they can do. ? The Analects of Confucius? For politics
[Interpretation] A person doesn't keep his word and doesn't know what he should do. Confucius believes that a person can't move without credit. In today's view, the same is true for an enterprise, a nation and a country. After China's entry into the WTO, it must abide by the rules and be honest and trustworthy if it wants to develop in the competition.
12, no one has made a mistake, but it can be corrected and it is not good. ? Zuozhuan? Gong Xuan for two years. "
[Interpretation] Who is not at fault? Correcting mistakes is the greatest good thing! Jin Linggong, the monarch of Jin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, was a tyrant. Once, the cook's paw was not cooked enough, so he ordered the cook to be killed. Minister Shi Ji entered the palace to advise him. Before he could say anything, Jin Linggong said? I know I was wrong, and I will correct it later. ? In fact, his words focused on the previous sentence, just trying to block Shi Ji's mouth with this sentence, not really trying to correct his mistakes. Historical records say:? ~,~,~。 ? The words of Historical Records focus on one? Change? If you make mistakes, correct them, and bad things will turn into good things. No: there is nothing bigger than this.
13, a threesome, there must be my teacher. ? The Analects of Confucius? Say and again. "
[Interpretation] If three people go the same way, there must be one who can be my teacher. Everyone has relative skills and specialties, and there is something worth learning. As long as you learn from others with an open mind, you will find a teacher who can teach you.
Look before you leap. 14？ The Analects of Confucius? Gong Yechang "
[Interpretation] Look before you leap. This applies to people who act rashly. Three: Many times.
15, born in sorrow and died in happiness. ? "Mencius? Gaozixia "
[Interpretation] People can grow up in worries and disasters, and they can also perish in ease and enjoyment. Hard environment can exercise people and make them survive and develop stronger; A happy life can easily corrode people, make them decadent and even perish.
Famous Words and Sentences in Ancient Chinese Composition of College Entrance Examination (Ⅲ)
1, saints worry too much, and they will lose something; Fools worry and gain. ? "Yanzi Spring and Autumn Period? Miscellaneous "
[Interpretation] When a great man considers a problem, it is inevitable that there will be omissions; A fool may make some useful suggestions after careful consideration. Chekhov said that the dog barks when the big dog barks, and the dog should not be afraid to bark because of the existence of the big dog. Fools should not give up thinking because of the existence of saints.
2, eating without words, sleeping without words. ? The Analects of Confucius? Rural party
[Interpretation] Eat without talking, sleep without talking. There are many words in The Analects that record Confucius' living habits and ways of keeping in good health. This one is worth learning.
3, a long way to go. ? The Analects of Confucius? Taber
[Interpretation] A scholar must have lofty aspirations and strong will, because he has a great responsibility to society and a long way to go. Hongyi: Ambitious and strong-willed. For a person who wants to make a difference, great ambition and strong will are indispensable.
4. Stones from other mountains can attack jade. ? The Book of Songs? Xiaoya? Heming
[Interpretation] Stones from other mountains can be used to ponder jade. Originally refers to the talents of one country, but also can be used by another country. Later, the metaphor is to correct your mistakes with the help of others' criticism, or to learn from others' situation. In terms of reading and studying, those who study liberal arts should read some natural science books; Those who study natural science should also read some books on humanities. Other mountains: other mountains. Attack: think deeply.
5, the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as people. ? "Mencius? Ugliness in the sun
[Interpretation] The weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as the people's heart. He who wins the hearts of the people wins the world, and he who loses the hearts of the people loses the world. This is a fact. Time; Changes of solar term climate in sunny and sunny Leng Xia. Geographical location; The advantage of geography. Harmony between people: unity wins people's hearts.
6, Tian Xingjian, the gentleman is constantly striving for self-improvement. ? "Is it easy? Dry "
[Interpretation] Celestial bodies are powerful and powerful, and gentlemen should learn from them, consciously forge ahead and never stop. The ancients often had their own experience in observing mountains and rivers, plants, birds, animals, insects, fish and so on, which is worth learning. Line: run, run. Health: strong and powerful.
7. Give me a peach and a plum. ? The Book of Songs? Daya？ sway
[Interpretation] Someone gave me a peach and I rewarded him with a plum. How many benefits the other party gives me, I should repay him with corresponding benefits. People should be polite to each other. Throw: throw, which means to pay. Report: return, return.
8. It's not too late to mend. ? Warring States policy? Chu Zesi? Zhuang Xin is called King Xiang of Chu.
[Interpretation] It is not too late to mend the sheepfold after the sheep have run away. The original text is:? Heard rude words:? It's never too late to see a rabbit love a dog; It is never too late to mend. ? We know that it is not too late to remedy things in time after they fail; I am afraid that you will not learn the lesson and take remedial measures. Death: escape. Prison: livestock pen. Minister: Zhuang Xin's proposition before King Xiang of Chu. Vulgar: As the saying goes. C: Call back later.
9. I've been thinking about it all day. I might as well learn it in a minute. ? Xunzi? Persuasive learning
It is better to spend some time studying than sitting there all day thinking hard. Learning and thinking complement each other. If you only care about one aspect, it will be in vain. A moment: Right away.
10, rotten wood cannot be carved, and the wall of dung cannot be broken. ? The Analects of Confucius? Gong Yechang "
[Interpretation] Dead wood cannot be carved, and walls made of dung cannot be painted. It is difficult to cultivate a person, so there is no need to cultivate it. There is little difference in people's intelligence factors, but there is great difference in people's emotional factors. Confucius had a student named Zaiyu who slept in broad daylight. Confucius said that such people have nothing to blame. Because of his poor learning attitude, he has reached the point of hopeless. Wū: A tool for painting walls, which means painting.
1 1, you don't know much until you learn. ? Book of rites? Xue Ji
[Interpretation] Keep learning, so that you will know your own shortcomings later. Einstein once compared himself to a big circle and a man with little knowledge to a small circle. There are more blanks outside the big circle than outside the small circle. Therefore, the more people have knowledge, the more they realize their lack of knowledge. Knowing your own shortcomings, the harder you study, the richer your knowledge will be.
12, learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous. ? The Analects of Confucius? For politics
[Interpretation] Reading without thinking will make you feel at a loss; If you just dream and don't study, you will be very tired and get nothing. ? Study? With what? Think? The two complement each other, and if we only pay attention to one aspect and ignore the other, we will not achieve good results. Wang (confused, nothing. Almost (d? Me): Tired, but nothing.
13、? Warring States policy? Qin Wu Ce
[Interpretation] A journey of a hundred miles is only halfway through 90 miles. This sentence is a metaphor for the more difficult it is to finish things in the final stage. Therefore, no matter what you do, you must never relax before you finally finish it, otherwise you will fall short and all your previous efforts will be in vain.
14, Yang is worthy of the sky and doesn't care about people. ? "Mencius? Dedicated "
[Interpretation] Looking up, I feel that I am innocent, and I want to feel that I am worthy of others. Aboveboard, with a clear conscience. An upright man is open and poised. Yang: Look up. 怍 (Zu? ): ashamed. Nourishing the heart is not good at lust ? Yu Meng. wholeheartedly
15, [Interpretation] Being enriched and sad, the more you think about it, the sadder it becomes. The best way to cultivate thoughts and noble sentiments is to reduce selfish desires. Desire: desire, greed
Jade is moist in the mountains, pearls are born in the deep, and the edge is not withered. ? Xunzi? Persuasive learning
16, [interpretation] Baoyu is hidden in the deep mountains, and even the vegetation on the mountain looks very moist; Pearls were born in the abyss, and even the coast did not dry up. Knowledge hidden in the chest will naturally perform well and have an extraordinary demeanor. Without talent, even if he has a beautiful appearance, he is just an ordinary person.
Take your time. ? The Analects of Confucius? Luz
17, [interpretation] think fast and you can't achieve your goal. Some of Confucius' disciples were officials, and Confucius taught them not to rush for success. The development of things has its regularity, and learning should be gradual. Without a good foundation, it is impossible to conquer cutting-edge science and produce results quickly.
If you listen, you will die in the evening. ? The Analects of Confucius? beautiful woman
18, [Interpretation] It is worthwhile to know the truth in the morning even if you die at night. This sentence illustrates the desire for truth. ? Life is precious, but love is more expensive. If you are free, you can throw both. ? This poem by the Hungarian poet Petofi accurately expresses this idea. The persistent pursuit of freedom and truth can make people give up life.
A person's real knowledge lies in knowing what he knows and what he doesn't know. ? The Analects of Confucius? For politics
19, [Interpretation] Admit that you know what you know and don't know what you don't know. This is wisdom. Wise people always think that ignorance is known. Last one? Do you know? (zh？ ): smart.
People with lofty ideals are benevolent, there is no harm in saving, and there is benevolence in death. ? The Analects of Confucius? Wei Linggong "
20. [Interpretation] People with lofty ideals refuse to be afraid of death and injury. They always prefer to sacrifice their lives to complete a just cause. Since ancient times, loyal ministers and righteous men have valued righteousness over life. Wen Tianxiang is such a man with lofty ideals. Who has not died in life since ancient times, and who has left a picture of history? These two poems show his mentality of dying.
Confucius said:? Five tenths, determined to learn, standing at thirty, not confused at forty, knowing destiny at fifty, listening at sixty, and not overstepping the mark at seventy. The Analects of Confucius? For politics
2 1, [interpretation] I am fifteen years old and interested in learning; At the age of thirty, I was sure of everything I said and did. Forty years old, (mastered all kinds of knowledge,) not confused; At the age of fifty, I learned my fate; At the age of 60, when you listen to others, you can distinguish between true and false and judge right and wrong; At the age of seventy, you can do whatever you want, and any idea will not go beyond the rules. This is a summary of Confucius' lifelong learning and cultivation in his later years, which shows that he never stopped learning and cultivation all his life, and made great progress every once in a while until he reached the highest level in his later years. For thousands of years, countless people have taken this sentence as their motto and encouraged themselves. What about one of them? Standing? Not confused? Know how to live? Is it nice? It has also become synonymous with 30 years old, 40 years old, 50 years old and 60 years old.
A hundred rivers go east to the sea, when will they return to the west? A lazy youth, a lousy age. ? "Han Yuefu? Changge Xing/The Long Ballad
22. [Interpretation] Time flows eastward into the sea like a river and never returns; If you don't study hard when you are young, you will accomplish nothing when you are old, so you have to leave sorrow and regret. Life is a day, a day is a month, and a month is a year, which seems very long. When I was a child, I looked forward to growing up. I often feel that days pass slowly and there is still plenty of time. In fact, time flies like an arrow, and the sun and the moon fly like a shuttle. If left unchecked, day after day, year after year, it will be too late to regret.
I'll believe that when I see it. ? Han? Ban Gu Han Shu? Biography of Zhao Chongguo
23. [Interpretation] Listening more is better than seeing it with your own eyes. What you see is more reliable than what you hear.
A close mouth catches no flies. ? Kim? Fu Zi, Fu Xuan? Oral inscription
24. [Interpretation] Illness comes from the mouth, and disaster comes from the mouth. This sentence warns people to be careful what they say, and carelessness will bring harm. Don't talk too much in life, you will suffer. Fu Xuan:? ) philosopher and writer in the Western Jin Dynasty. He is the author of Fu Zi and Fu Xuan Ji. In the Ming Dynasty, his works were included in Fu Ji Jian Ji. Mouth inscription: motto about mouth.
Nothing ventured, nothing gained. ? Southern dynasties? Song? Ye Fan's Once? Biography of Ban Chao