As the saying goes, "the elderly at home are like treasures", which shows the importance of middle-aged and elderly people at home. Therefore, the health knowledge of middle-aged and elderly people is also concerned, so I will share some health knowledge of middle-aged and elderly people. A reasonable diet is the foundation. In real life, there are many factors that affect the health and longevity of the elderly, among which "reasonable diet" is the basis. The Nutrition Society of China recently formulated the principles of healthy diet for China residents, namely: diversified food, mainly cereals; Eat more vegetables, fruits and potatoes; Often eat milk, beans or their products; Eat proper amount of fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat, and eat less fat and meat oil; Food intake and physical activity should be balanced to maintain a proper weight; Light and salt-free diet; Drinking should be limited; Eat clean, hygienic and non-perishable food. The proportion of carbohydrate, fat and protein is 70% for carbohydrate, 20% for fat, and 65,438+00% for protein. Old people's physique is weak, and their overall function declines, which determines that the nutrition they need is different from that when they were young. According to the physical characteristics of the elderly, we should pay attention to the following situations. First, food should be thick and thin. Because the gastrointestinal function of the elderly is weakened and their teeth are not good, try to choose digestible food to ensure digestion and absorption. Second, the nutrients should be reasonable to improve the body's metabolic capacity. Adequate vitamins and trace elements can strengthen the functions of various metabolic enzymes. Especially vitamins E, C and carotene, have antioxidant effect, can remove harmful free radicals, prevent and reduce cell damage, and delay aging. Kelp not only contains a lot of iodine, but also contains calcium, phosphorus, iron, protein, fat, carbohydrates, minerals, cellulose and other essential nutrients. Peanut, sesame and walnut are the three nutritious foods for the elderly to nourish and protect their brains, so they can be eaten more. 3. Milk, soybean and its products can inhibit the oxidation of cell lipids and resist human aging, and are essential foods on the table. Bone soup can also relieve osteoporosis in the elderly, prevent muscle contracture and knee pain, and prevent human aging. In addition, the metabolic function of the elderly is reduced and physical activity is reduced. It is better to be 89% full for every meal, and 70% full.