What are the drugs for treating rhinitis? Drugs are the most common method to treat rhinitis, but it should be pointed out that it is also very important to clarify the cause of the patient for the treatment of rhinitis, otherwise it is very easy to repeat, especially rhinitis is caused by certain diseases, and the primary disease should be actively treated. Here's a brief introduction to the drug methods for treating rhinitis:
1, sinusitis oral liquid
Indications: Used for nasal congestion, thick nose, acute and chronic rhinitis and paranasal sinusitis. It can also obviously improve symptoms such as nasal congestion, dizziness, swelling and pain, increased nasal secretions, sinus tenderness and turbinate hypertrophy.
Administration and dosage: take orally, 10ml once, three times a day (clinical recommendation: 20 days is a course of treatment, usually 1-2 courses, which can be extended to 3 courses if necessary).
Note: It is normal for this product to have slight precipitation. When taking this product, please shake or soak the bottle with warm water to dissolve the precipitate.
2. Biyuanshu Oral Liquid
Indications: used for sinusitis and chronic rhinitis.
Administration and dosage: orally, 10ml once, 2? Three times for seven days is a course of treatment.
Note: if there is precipitation for a long time, it will not affect its curative effect. Shake it well and take it.
3. Corticosteroids
Modern science has proved that allergic rhinitis is a nonspecific inflammation of nasal mucosa, which is different from bacterial infection and the application of antibiotics is ineffective. Corticosteroids can inhibit this inflammatory reaction, which can not only eliminate the symptoms of rhinitis, but also reduce the frequency of rhinitis attacks.
Etiology of rhinitis The drugs that cause nasal congestion by systemic medication mainly include:
1, antihypertensive drugs: for example? Adrenaline blockers (reserpine, methyl dopamine, etc.). );
2. Anti-sympathetic drugs;
3. Anti-acetylcholinesterase drugs: such as neostigmine, methylthiazine sulfate, hydroxyaniline, etc. Can cause nasal mucosa dryness;
Contraceptive drugs or estrogen replacement therapy can lead to nasal congestion.
Local medication is mainly long-term use of decongestants. Decongestants can be divided into two categories: sympathetic amines (such as ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, etc. ) and imidazoline (such as naphazoline, oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, etc. ). Sympathetic amine stimulation? And then what? Adrenaline receptor, stimulation? Receptors strongly cause vasoconstriction, but stimulate? The receptor causes weak vasodilation, but the drug is right? Comparison of receptor stimulation time? Receptor stimulation takes a long time, so after vasoconstriction stops, vasodilation still takes some time to take effect, and patients appear? Rebound nasal congestion? (rebound
Congestion). Long-term use of imidazoline drugs, due to negative feedback mechanism, leads to the reduction of endogenous norepinephrine synthesis before synapse, and rebound nasal congestion occurs after drug withdrawal. A friend found this ingredient in Japanese rhinitis medicine from Haitao on the Internet. Long-term use of decongestants can also cause? The receptor tolerates quickly, and the dosage needs to be increased to achieve the same decongestant effect.
pathology
After using vasoconstrictor, the nasal mucosal arterioles contract immediately. If it is used for a long time, long-term contraction of blood vessels will lead to hypoxia, reactive vasodilation, increased gland secretion, dysfunction of nasal epithelial cilia, and even shedding. Submucosal capillary permeability increases, plasma exudation and edema, and lymphocyte infiltration can exist for a long time. The above lesions can be gradually recovered after drug withdrawal. Microscopically, the cilia of nasal mucosa fell off and arranged in disorder. Submucosal capillary hyperplasia, vasodilation and infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells.
Diagnosis and differential diagnosis
The clinical manifestations are similar to hypertrophic rhinitis. Carefully ask about the history of systemic and local medication and the time of use.
1, treatment
(1) After the diagnosis, vasoconstrictors should be stopped gradually, and nasal washing with deep-sea seawater and normal saline can be used.
⑵ topical corticosteroid nasal spray: such as budesonide;
⑶ Other treatments include oral hormones, antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers.
⑶ Surgery is not the first choice, but if the above drugs are ineffective, or patients with deviated nasal septum and nasal polyps can consider surgical treatment, including submucosal resection of inferior turbinate or local radiofrequency ablation of inferior turbinate. The operation is performed under submucosa, which can better protect the function of nasal mucosa and has little effect on the function of turbinate.
2. Prevention
(1) If you have nasal symptoms such as nasal congestion, you should go to a regular hospital to avoid mistaking sinusitis, nasal polyps and even nasal cavity and sinus tumors for rhinitis and carrying out unreasonable treatment, which will delay your illness and make you regret it too late;
⑵ Use nasal vasoconstrictor as little as possible. If you must use it, it is best not to exceed one week;
⑶ Some Chinese patent medicines for nasal drops also contain such decongestants, so be careful when using them;
(4) Haitao nasal drops must be cautious. In fact, many foreign medicines can be bought at home. Don't be superstitious about foreign drugs. Moreover, some of Haitao's drugs don't even have English instructions, and they don't know the ingredients of the drugs. There is no doctor to guide the medication when purchasing. In many cases, these nasal drops contain decongestants and cannot be used for a long time;
5] Children and newborns should use decongestants with caution. Take a lot of vitamin c during taking the medicine.