Academic goal
1. Master relevant keywords, words, sentences and the characteristics of classical Chinese sentence patterns;
2. Grasp the image of the character by reading several events of the character;
3. Feel the theme of the article and explore the profound philosophical implications.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1. Summarize and master related keywords, words, sentences and the characteristics of classical Chinese sentence patterns;
2. Feel the theme of the article and explore the profound philosophical implications.
Teaching time
The second class hour
Preview before class
1. Use notes to understand the meaning of the text, and mark the words, words and sentences that you don't understand.
2. What genre is this article?
3. What are the things about Wen and Ke described in the article? What kind of person is Wen and Ke?
4. What is the main idea of this article? How does the author express this theme?
Teaching arrangement
first kind
I. Import
(The displayed text can draw Zheng Banqiao and others in ink. )
There is an old idiom in China called? Have an answer? Also known as? Do you have a plan? . This interesting story was told by Su Shi, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, in The Valley Literati Painting Bamboo. During the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a man who was good at painting bamboo, and he was also Su Shi's cousin, with the same surname and word as Ke.
According to relevant historical records, he planted many bamboos around his apartment. Whether in winter or summer, rain or shine, he should carefully observe bamboo and study their changes and postures in different seasons and different weather. After a long time, the bamboo he drew with ink is moving and full of life. One of his good friends once wrote a poem praising: When you can draw bamboo, you have a plan in your heart. ? That is to say, before I put pen to paper, I can keep the image of bamboo in my heart. What is that? So you must draw bamboo on your chest first? .
Coincidentally, it is said that Mr. Qi Baishi, a master of modern Chinese painting in China, once built a device to raise shrimps in his room, and observed their postures and postures from time to time, which made the shrimps described by Mr. Qi Lao have different postures and lifelike. The two stories tell the same truth. We must observe and study objective things repeatedly, and finally we can create a complete and vivid artistic image.
Su Shi himself is not good at painting, but the article is from? Have an answer? It brilliantly shows the main links and basic processes of artistic creation from observation to conception, from learning to practice, and then to expression. In fact, the article is not just about telling people how to draw. You can't give it, but you know why? , which contains profound philosophy and meaning.
Two. Solution to the problem
Wen (10 18 ~ 1079) is Su Shi's cousin, who is 18 years older than Su Shi. Wen and Ke were famous for their bamboo paintings, and they were the representatives of Mozi School at that time. Zong Shenxi Ning for eight years (1075) became well-known in Yangzhou (now Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province). In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he was renamed Huzhou (now Huzhou, Zhejiang) and died in Zhou Chen (now Zhucheng, Shandong) on his way to his post.
In March of the second year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi was appointed as the magistrate of Huzhou. At this time, Wen has passed away. On July 7, when Su Shi was drying his calligraphy and painting, he found the late Bamboo Map in the Valley and wrote this miscellany. This article is a typical excellent prose of Su Shi's natural art and natural posture.
Check the preview and pronounce the following words correctly.
Close to the legacy of this book () Literati () Excerpt () Leng Jian ()
Have you ever forgiven the dragon for spitting rice?
In the past ()
4. Read the text and think.
Read through the full text, make clear the meaning of the text, and record the problems you encounter when reading this article.
5. Organize the structure of the article
The first section expounds Wen Heke's painting theory and talks about his own artistic practice.
1 The floor starts with bamboo, and it is proposed to draw bamboo with a plan in mind.
Second-tier writers' own experience in learning literature and painting.
The third layer evaluates Su Zhe's point of view, which shows that he can understand the painting theory of literature and possibility better than his younger brother.
The second paragraph recalled several interesting things related to painting bamboo during their communication.
1 block asked the painter's silk to the ground, saying it was worn as socks and passed on as a joke.
The second letter expresses the aesthetic view that similarity is more important than form in artistic creation.
The third thing is to recite a song about yourself? The valley? This poem made Wen and his wife spray rice for it.
The third paragraph explains the reason for writing this article, indicating that their relationship is deep and close.
Knowledge accumulation of intransitive verbs
(A) focus on mastering vocabulary
1. It is its legacy and possibility to call it "Zhu Mo Fu". 2. Throw it everywhere.
3. Use it as an excuse. 4. Readers have nothing to do with this.
5. Everything else is true. 6. The moon falls on the court and the shadow is long.
7. Scholars in modern languages. Because the painting "Yan Gu Yan Zhu" was left to me.
9. And I also include words that can be laughed at in the past.
(2) Common words and ancient and modern synonyms
1. Harmony has nothing to do with Chen Zhou. 2. Less is fleeting.
1. It was not expensive at first. Long after the moon goes down.
I cried and lost my voice. 4. I think of socks.
5. Send a letter to get a poem 6. Readers are related to it.
7. Take the book as a legacy.
(C) the phenomenon of flexible use of parts of speech
1. I will buy land and go back to my old age.
3. disgusting 4. From snake to sword.
5. Don't be expensive at first
functional word
It is 1. Today, the painter did it step by step. 2. It's Fu's legacy.
The rest is Xuzhou. 4. Give it to the right person.
5. I think of socks
Yes 1. Nowadays, painters come step by step. 2. They see what they want to draw.
Its 1. It's the one who sees what he wants to draw. 2. Is it unique?
3. Give and regret. 4. Chase what you see.
5. Why? 6. Did you get what you wanted?
However, 1. See yourself clearly. 2. You can't give it.
3.250 pieces of silk
Use 1 I left it for 2 because of the painting. I can leave it to Yue.
3. I will think of socks
1. The beginning of bamboo 2. Lovely ears an inch long.
3. Born. 4. Be absent from something.
5. Biography of scholar-officials 6. Readers and it
(E) Classical Chinese sentence patterns
1. Those who know why they can't, however, are different inside and outside, have different minds and hands, and don't learn much.
2. Ziyou is Zhu Mo-fu's last work.
Step 3: Step on the door.
4. People who have searched from snake to sword for ten times are born.
5. So, everyone who is unfamiliar is familiar with it.
6. I think of socks
7. Scholar-officials promoted it as ammunition.
8. People all over the world are invited by others.
9. So you must draw bamboo on your chest first.
10. The wheel is flat, and so is the wheel.
1 1. Do you have any bamboo?
12. Is there thousands of feet bamboo in the world?
(6) Translation of difficult sentences
1. Those who look for snakes and swords are born.
2. Now painters are doing it step by step, and the leaves are tired. How can there be bamboo?
3. The husband knows the reason but can't, but there are differences inside and outside, and the heart and hands don't correspond, and he is ignorant and ignorant.
Therefore, anyone who is not familiar with it can feel at ease and see clearly, but he is suddenly lost in the incident, so he is not alone!
It is wrong for the master to entrust him to Sizhu, so he should be given the right path.
6. Socks should be pulled from children.
7. Perilla argued, but only 250 horses, I will buy a field and enjoy my old age.
Second lesson
I. Import (omitted)
2. Read carefully and think about the following questions.
1. This article focuses on elucidating? Have an answer? . ? Have a heart? Or trace the deep friendship with Wen and Ke?
2. Is the main idea of the article rational or emotional?
3. What genre is this article? What events of Wen and Ke are described in this paper, and what characters of Wen and Ke are explained respectively?
The first part of the article describes this painting. What is its intention?
5. Since the title of the article is? What is the story of writing and drawing? Why are paintings rarely described? At the end of the article, Cao Cao and Qiao Xuan reflected his close relationship with Wen and Ke. What does this have to do with the main idea of the article?
Three. Discussion on the problem
1. What genre is this article?
2. What are the things about Wen and Ke described in the article? What kind of person is Wen and Ke?
3. What is the main idea of this article? How does the author express this theme?
Clear:
1. Style, essays;
2. Describing the disgusting secular pursuit of literature and painting shows that he is refined and indifferent, and answering with Su Shi's poems and paintings shows that he is a talented and unrestrained person;
3. The main idea of the article is to describe the profound friendship between the two people and the grief of seeing things and thinking about others; The article not only expresses the intimate relationship between the two people through daily anecdotes, but also expresses their deep friendship through allusions, thus writing out their thoughts and nostalgia for Wen.
4. Feeling and thinking
What enlightenment and lessons can we get from reading Su Wen?
Reference: Before you do anything, you should carefully analyze what you have done beforehand, grasp various factors and conditions of objective things, make full ideological and material preparations in advance, and be cautious about what you want to do? Have an answer? Only in this way can we overcome blindness, aimlessness and uncertainty.
Verb (short for verb) homework
1. Be familiar with the text;
2. Preview new lessons.
6. Appreciation of Su Shi's "Gu Zhong Wen Bi Zhu"
The article truly discusses this paragraph and puts forward a very wonderful idea of painting bamboo. What is well known? Have an answer? This is the origin of this famous idiom. However, the discussion should not be carried out too much, otherwise it will be divorced from the theme of remembering and mourning the dead. So the following points out immediately:? And can be taught to do so. ? It is pointed out that Wen Tong, the author of Yan Gu Yan Zhu, was mourned and mourned. It was Wen Tong who told Su Shi this way. Su Shi is also a poet and painter. He and Wen Tong have established a profound friendship, not only because they are friends and relatives, but also because they share the same political inclination and artistic hobbies. They write articles to answer questions, sing with poems, and draw with bamboo. Wen Tong's thought of painting bamboo is actually Su Shi's thought. Su Shi once wrote in Guo Zui Painting Bamboo Cliff? The poem describes the process of painting after drinking at a friend's house. Jejunum is full of wine, liver, lungs and teeth are full of bamboo stones. I feel like I can't go back, and I still spit on your snow turtle wall. ? It means that after drinking a little wine, my mood becomes excited, which arouses my interest in painting. It seems that bamboo and stones have grown in my stomach. I want to show them and draw them on my friend's snow-white wall. What is this talking about? Have an answer? There are also creative impulses, inspirations, and uncontrollable. Su Shi is still in "La Ri You Gu Shan?" "Said in the poem? Poetry is in a hurry, and it is difficult to copy after the Qing Dynasty is lost. . It is a bit slow to write a poem as quickly as chasing a fugitive and quickly describe the scenery in front of you. Once the scenery disappears, it cannot be described. Is this like painting bamboo? Vibrate so as to catch up with what they see, like a rabbit hanging down? Similarly, we should be good at capturing images and displaying them in time. In fact, the principle of painting and poetry is the same, emphasizing the vividness of images rather than pursuing the form of external bodies. As we have said before, Su Shi said in the poem "A picture of the main book of Yanling King": On the similarity of paintings, you can see neighbors with children. The poem must be this poem. You must not know the poet. ? He pointed out that paying attention to the similarity of appearance in painting is equivalent to children's common sense. If you still ask to write poetry, then this person must not understand poetry. How to draw bamboo? Step by step, never tired of it? , that is, strive for similarity, and the concept of ink painting? Have an answer? And then what? Using a wave is to try to look like a god and express the expression of bamboo through its complete image. From these artistic points of view, Su Shi's "Ode to Wen Tong" is no different from a literary sketch ... Su Shi's essays and sketches often have this feature.
Of course, Su Shi is very modest. He said that Wen Tong told him these artistic opinions. Besides, he also said:? You can't give it, but you know why. ? He said that although he understood what Wen Tong said, he couldn't actually do it. Why? Su Shi explained it this way:? A husband knows what he is, but he can't. There are differences inside and outside, the heart and hand do not correspond, and there is not much to learn. ? Here? Is there a difference between inside and outside? With what? Heart and hand don't correspond? It means the same thing. ? Inside? , refers to people's thoughts, what they think in their hearts, and understand some truth; ? Outside? It refers to expressing people's thoughts, that is, what they draw in their hands, and doing it according to the principle of understanding, and bidding farewell to the image formed through observation and conception. Thought and action cannot be unified, can they? Different inside and outside, different hearts and hands? The reason is? Don't learn? That is, lack of exercise and practice. Is this what it says? Fuck you. . Su Shi then pointed out:? So anyone who is not familiar with it can see clearly from his own point of view at noon, but suddenly loses it in front of things. Is it just bamboo that you see in the middle? To understand something inside you. Fuck you. Can't be used in practice. ? Do you know something about it but don't know much about it? , the result must be? In peace, you can see it yourself, how can you suddenly lose it? I usually feel that I know something very well, but when it comes to doing it, I can't grasp it completely, and suddenly there is nothing. Just? Don't learn? Without practice, everything is the result, not just painting bamboo! What Su Shi is talking about here is actually the relationship between artistic theory and artistic practice. He mentioned the general epistemological principle to emphasize the importance of practice. This is what's on it? Have an answer? The supplement and deepening of a discussion is also the heartfelt words of an artist who has deep attainments in poetry, ci, prose, calligraphy and painting. Su Shi pointed out from his own side, because? Don't learn? And then what? Different inside and outside, different hearts and hands? The implication is to further affirm Wen Tong's artistic practice while affirming his artistic theory. What the fuck? What? Cooked? Therefore, it is both convenient and elegant. The article always revolves around the theme of remembering and mourning Wen Tong. So here's a quote from others praising Wen Tong to prove it. ? Ziyou gave a legacy:? Skilled, the cow's solution is also, and the health care person takes it; The wheel is flat, so is the wheel, and the reader is with it. Today, the Lord entrusts Master Sizhu, and those who gain the Tao are not evil sons, which is what Su Shi's younger brother Su Zhe said. Zhu Mo Fu is Su Zhe's Fu for Wen Tong's Zhu Mo Tu. Where's fu? Guest? In his tone, he quoted two examples of superb ancient skills to illustrate Wen Tong's skill of painting ink and bamboo, which showed that he understood the universal laws of things. These two people, one is my husband. Dong, Ding, who is in charge of kitchen affairs, is the name of this person. Press Zhuangzi? According to Master of Health, my master is good at slaughtering cattle. He is very familiar with the bones and tendons of cattle. He picked up a knife to divide the cattle. His voice is beautiful and his movements are beautiful. He neither damages tools nor expends energy. Wen Huijun watched his operation and listened to his conversation, so he realized it. Healthy? The truth. The other person's name is Lun Ping. Wheels are people who use knives and axes to cut wood to make wheels. Ping is the name of this person. Press Zhuangzi? According to Heaven, Lunbian is good at making wheels. He knew how to chop wood with a knife and axe, but only he got the message and couldn't express it. Based on this experience, he thinks that all the books read by Huan Gong are the dross of the ancients, which means that some truths can only be understood by personal practice. Duke Huan didn't listen at first, but later admitted that he was right. In this "Zhu Mo Fu", Su Zhe made Wen a skillful craftsman and a round flat wheel. He believes that Wen Tong has a superb talent for painting bamboo, but painting bamboo is only a kind of sustenance. He is actually a person who understands and grasps the laws of things. When Su Shi quoted Su Zhe, did he mention the ease and fluency of writing and painting bamboo? Youdao? The height of understanding, and don't stay in the painting skills themselves. But Su Shi also pointed out that Ziyou never painted. Therefore, it just gets its meaning. If you give it, you will not only get what you want, but also get the method. ? Because Su Zhe can't draw, he can only make comments in a general sense, and Su Shi himself is a painter. In addition to painting bamboo, he can also read Wen Tong. Youdao? In addition to people, you can also master the method of painting bamboo with Wen Tong. Here, use? Do it well? A word summed up the previous discussion about painting bamboo.
The above is the first paragraph of the article, which spoke highly of Wen Tong's idea and practice of painting bamboo. Next? Do it well? It leads to the second paragraph of the article, telling the correspondence and poetry exchanges between the writer and Wentong about painting bamboo, and then highly evaluating Wentong's painting and painting morality, and returning to the topic of "Zhu in the Valley".
The second paragraph of the article begins:? And can draw bamboo, which is not expensive at first. People from all corners of the country are invited by others and step on the door. Throw yourself on the floor in disgust and scold? I think of socks. ? Scholar-officials thought it was a reliable story and passed it on. ? Susu is a fine white silk used for writing and painting. Nie, use your feet. The truth of the word is the word. These words mean that Wen Tong didn't pay much attention to his bamboo paintings at first. When someone asked, he promised to paint for them. Later, more and more people from all directions stepped on their feet and asked to paint. Wen Tong was bored and threw silk on the ground, saying that they were used to make socks, which showed extreme contempt. Scholars and bureaucrats regard him as a talk. Did Su Shi invite a painter? There are tiptoe footsteps at the door? It is loving and valuable for people to write and draw bamboo, and it is also used by Wen Tong to draw bamboo. Throw yourself on the ground and scold? Those who write literary works refuse to pretend to be painters. They paint bamboo for secular entertainment and seek fame and fame. Wentong refused to draw bamboo for people easily, but joked with Su Shi and invited people to find Su Shi to draw bamboo. Su Shi described it like this. And can be returned from Yangzhou, and she is Xuzhou, and can be from the book. Scholar-bureaucrat: My Zhu Mo school is near Pengcheng. You can ask. Socks should be pulled from children. ? At the end of the book, I copied a poem, abbreviated as: I plan to sweep a section of goose creek silk, which is 10 thousand feet long. ? In the winter of the tenth year of Xining (AD 1077), Wen Tong returned to Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, after serving in Yangzhou. At this time, Su Shi was the magistrate in Pengcheng, Xuzhou. Wen Tong wrote a letter to Su Shi from Bianjing in Xuzhou, saying that he told the literati at that time that his ink and bamboo painting had recently spread to Pengcheng. Scholars and bureaucrats can ask Su Shi for ink and bamboo paintings. In this way, the materials of silk and socks are concentrated in Su Shi. This is of course a joke, but we can see the close relationship between Wentong and Su Shi, and show that Su Shi is really good at painting ink bamboo for Wentong. Do it well? Yes Su Shi's brief quotations from two poems attached to Wen Tong's letter fully confirmed this point. Goose creek silk is the silk produced by Goose Creek. Goose Creek is located in Yanting County, Sichuan Province. The silk produced here is white, even and meticulous, which is very suitable for painting. Sweep means writing. Cold bamboo shoots refer to long bamboo branches that do not wither in winter. These two poems reflect wentong's method of ink and bamboo: bamboo is a stroke, that is? Sweep? Painted on a small piece of silk, it tends to soar into the sky. What do you mean? Ten thousand feet long? . Su Shi also deliberately joked with Wen Tong. Give meaning and can:? Bamboo is 10,000 feet long, and it takes 250 wires. Knowing many people is tired of writing, hoping to get this silk. ? It means that it takes 250 filaments to draw 10 thousand feet of bamboo. At that time, a silk horse was about four feet long. Su Shi said to Wen Tong: I know you are too lazy to write, so give me 250 pieces of silk and draw 10,000 feet of bamboo. ? And there's nothing to answer, so: My words are false! There are 1 million feet of bamboo in the world. Can Wen Tong admit that he is wrong? There is no bamboo that is 10,000 feet long in the world. Of course, there is no need to draw so many silks, so these silks are not available to Su Shi. But Su Shi insisted. ? So I answered his poem:? There are still Chihiro bamboos in the world, and the shadow of the moon is long. ? Did Su Shi understand what Wen Tong said? Ten thousand feet long? In order to prove it, I think bamboo grows in thousands of feet in 1989. Look at the setting moon in the west shining on the bamboo pole. Isn't the bamboo shadow left in the empty court very long? The implication is that another 250 pieces of silk are needed. In this way, Wentong couldn't answer, so he took an almost negative approach. ? And ridiculous: Perilla argued! However, with 250 silks, I will buy fields and enjoy my old age. ? He admits that he can't argue with Su Shi, but he still won't give these 250 silks, and he still has to save buying fields to support the elderly. Su Shi initially proposed not to draw bamboo, but only silk. Now Wentong doesn't give silk, but he still gives Su Shi a picture of bamboo. ? I saw the painting "Bamboo in the Valley" and left it to me, saying: This bamboo is several feet long, but it is ten thousand feet long. ? At the end of the article is the painting "Yan Gu Yan Zhu" by Dianshan Mountain. The two poets are also friends and relatives of painters and painters. In fact, they are talking about the art of painting bamboo tacitly for 250 silks. ? It is planned to sweep a section of goose creek silk and take the cold tip as long as 10,000 feet. With what? There are Chihiro bamboos in the world. How long does the moon set on the court? , its spiritual essence is complete? Consistency shows the relationship between life and creation. Artistic beauty is different from natural beauty. Poets and painters refine, condense, exaggerate and render realistic and objective things in their works. This is the case with the painting Bamboo in the Valley. What do you mean? This bamboo is several feet long, but it has the potential of ten thousand feet? .
Because when it comes to the valley, it is natural to explain this place. But Su Shi did not introduce it in isolation, but described an interesting and elegant thing about Wen Tong. ? If the valley is in Yangzhou: one of the thirty wonders of Yangzhou, you can work with Chang Ke. Yu:? The bamboo species in Hanchuan are as cheap as Peng, and the axe has not forgiven the dragon. The material is poor and greedy, and Weibin has a thousand acres in his chest. ? My wife and I traveled in the valley, burning bamboo shoots and eating late, sending letters and taking poems, laughing and spitting. ? Wentong likes to plant flowers and trees and build gardens and pavilions in Yangzhou. He once wrote 30 poems entitled "Miscellaneous Notes on Life in the Garden Pool", describing various landscapes. Su Shi also reversed the poems one by one, namely "Thirty Poems of Yangzhou" and "Poems of Su Shi" were "Thirty Poems of Garden Pond in Yangzhou", among which the 24th poem entitled "Yun Dan Valley" was the poem quoted here. The poem describes Wen Tong's love for mountains and bamboo, and he likes to eat bamboo shoots. Hanchuan refers to Yangzhou, because Yangzhou is in the upper reaches of Hanshui River. Hey, this is a bamboo shell. Bamboo is a dragon grandson, so bamboo shoots are called dragons. Wei refers to Weishui, Shaanxi. Historical records? Is it recorded in the biography of borrowing seeds? Thousands of acres of bamboo in Weichuan? The people there are therefore very rich, equivalent to? Dry tiger Hou? . Take this place, Weibin Ganmu? To show that Yangzhou is rich in bamboo. The whole poem means that there are so many tall bamboos in Yangzhou that they are like weeds everywhere. Bamboo shoots were cut off by an axe. Yangzhou, the satrap of Wentong, wanted to be poor and greedy. After eating these bamboo shoots, all the bamboo on that large area of land was put into his stomach. This is also a joke, so Wen Tong opened the envelope and finished reading the poem. At that time, he was having dinner and burning bamboo shoots with his wife in Yumou Valley. He couldn't help laughing, and the rice in his mouth spilled all over the table. This brief description is very vivid, which not only depicts Wen Tong's open-minded and bright ideological character, but also shows the close relationship between Su Shi and him, but more importantly, it highlights Wen Tong's moral character. Know the country? Poor? Eating bamboo shoots means being honest, traveling with my wife, cooking at night, or being wild. Weibin thousand mu chest? , then take care of the front? Must you draw bamboo on your chest first? With a humorous style, he wrote his bamboo painting theory through the interesting and elegant things of Wen Tong.