Chinese name: pear
Latin scientific name: Pyrus
Field: the field of plants
Door: angiosperm magnolia door
Class: Subclass Dicotyledonous Magnolia
Objective: Rosa of Rosaceae.
Family: Rosaceae
Subfamily: Apple subfamily.
Genus: Pyrus
Distribution: Hebei, Shandong, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Yunnan are the provinces with the largest pear production in China.
catalogue
Introduction of basic information
Classification of families and genera
abstract
efficacy
Distribution area
Cultivation significance
Cultivation characteristics
Main cultivated varieties
Early high-yield techniques, improved varieties and strong seedlings
Scientific design
Carefully prepare the soil and apply plantar fertilizer.
Strengthen year-by-year management
Plastic trimming
The use of pears Tips for eating pears
Medical prescription
Trees control pests and diseases.
dictionary definition
Pear varieties suitable for processing
Storage and Fresh-keeping Techniques of Pear
Dietotherapy value 1, five-juice beverage:
2, pear paste (or pear juice):
3, six juice drinks for the treatment of suffocation:
4, lilac simmer pear:
5. Steamed pear with Fritillaria cirrhosa:
Weight loss effect
Lihua language
Li herbs diet therapy
Pear taboo
Introduction to basic information of pest control
Classification of families and genera
abstract
efficacy
Distribution area
Cultivation significance
Cultivation characteristics
Main cultivated varieties
Early high-yield techniques, improved varieties and strong seedlings
Scientific design
Carefully prepare the soil and apply plantar fertilizer.
Strengthen year-by-year management
Plastic trimming
The use of pears
Edible Skills of Pears Medical Prescription Tree Dictionary of Disease and Pest Control Explaining the Edible Value of Pears Storage and Preservation Techniques Suitable for Processing
1, five-juice drinks: 2, pear paste (or pear juice): 3, six-juice drinks for choking: 4, stewed pear with cloves: 5, steamed pear in northern Sichuan: pear with weight loss function, medicinal diet, dietotherapy, eating pear, no control of pests and diseases. This paragraph was simply edited.
Basic information
The Chinese phonetic symbol ㄌㄧˊ [1] of the name pear is a deciduous tree or shrub, and the fruit is an ordinary fruit pear.
There are many varieties: ~ cream. Wide ~. Ducks. English names: Asian pear, Nashi pear, Japanese pear, Korean pear, Taiwan Province pear, sand pear, apple pear, B apple and P apple pear (20 pieces) belong to different families and genera.
Autumn pear in Pak Lei.
Edit this paragraph overview
China is one of the cradles of Pyrus. Most Asian pears originated in East Asia, and Japanese and Korean are also the cradles of Asian pears. Pears cultivated in China, sand pears and pears are all native to China. According to the book of songs, the book of Qi Yaomin and other ancient books, the history of pear cultivation in China is over 4,000 years. Pear is the most widely cultivated fruit tree in northern and southern China.
According to the statistics of 1995, the area of pear orchard has grown to 8,599,500 mu, ranking third in the country after apples and oranges. According to "Shenzhou Ji", pears can be divided into Yongzheng pear, Raoyang Anping pear and Wei Wendi Zhaozhen Dingxian crisp pear. Lu Yu Jizhou Tanyun, Changshan, Haoli, Susongyun, Zihua, Pear, Warm Heart, Qingcheng Mountain, these are the things that people from the star road want after entering Tang Wuzong. There is a plant in Changshan county that has been sealed for a long time and turned into an emperor. Eat more.
The effect of editing this paragraph
Vitamin C in pears is a protector of cardiovascular system and a healthy element for patients with heart disease. On June165438+1October 2/KLOC-0, 2009, the research results of American biologist Mendes Robus showed that immature or semi-mature pears have the function of radiation protection, and the ripening of pears needs a lot of sunlight, which can effectively absorb the rays in the sunlight. Recently, small offices in Silicon Valley in the United States have taken pears as the main radiation protection items, and they think that the radiation protection effect of pears is far greater than that of cactus and cactus. Its taste is sweet, sour, flat and non-toxic. Has the effects of promoting fluid production, quenching thirst, invigorating spleen, relieving diarrhea, regulating stomach and lowering adverse flow. People who eat more pears are much less likely to catch a cold than those who don't eat or eat less pears. Therefore, some scientists and doctors call pears "all-round healthy fruits" or "general practitioners". Now the air pollution is more serious. Eating more pears can improve respiratory system and lung function and protect the lungs from dust and smoke in the air.
Edit the distribution area of this paragraph
The provinces with the largest pear production in China are Anhui, Hebei, Shandong, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Yunnan. The main producing area of pears is Dangshan and its surrounding areas in Anhui Province. Dangshan is the largest contiguous pear orchard in the world, accounting for about 70% of the county's cultivated land, and is known as the pear capital of China. Yantai, Shandong Province, cultivated varieties are Huangxian Changba pear, Qixia Dashuixiang pear, Laiyang ancient pear (Cili), Laixi crystal pear and Xiangshui pear; Hebei Baoding, Handan, Shijiazhuang, Xingtai and other places, the main varieties are Yali pear, Xuehuali, Round Yellow pear, Green Sydney, Red pear and so on. There are autumn Pak Lei, Yali pear and Qiuzi pear in Suizhong, Beizhen, Yixian, Jinxi and Fuxin in Liaoning Province. Gaoping, Shanxi is the only producing area of huanghuali, while Yuanping, Shanxi mainly produces huanghuali and avocado. Lanzhou, Gansu Province is famous for producing winter pears. Jinchuan Sydney and Cangxi Sydney in Sichuan; Korla fragrant pear and crisp pear in Xinjiang, Xiyang pear in Yantai and Dalian and Jinmeng pear in Luoyang are also well-known at home and abroad. He 'nan Ningling Jinding Xie Hua Suli
Brief introduction of Yali pear in Weixian County: Yali pear is a local product of Weixian County. The cultivation of wei county Yali pear began in the Wei Wendi period of the Three Kingdoms, and it was cultivated in the Northern Song Dynasty, with a history of 1700 years. Suitable soil and climate conditions have bred the unique quality of Yali pear, which is famous at home and abroad for its large skin, thin color, fine meat, small core and little slag, moderate sweetness and sourness, crisp and delicious. /kloc-0 won the first prize in Hebei fruit quality appraisal meeting in 1985, and/kloc-0 was named as the "Hometown of Yali Pears in China" by the Ministry of Agriculture in 1995. In 2000, the trademark of "Weizhou" brand Tianxian Boutique Yali was registered in the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. In April, 20001year, the Forestry Bureau of Hebei Province named Wei County as "High-quality Pear Production Base County in Hebei Province"; In August, after two batches of economic appraisal, the State Forestry Administration named wei county as "China Yali pear production base county". In September, the State Forestry Administration awarded Wei County "National Advanced County for Economic Forest Construction"; From 200/kloc-0 to 2003, "Weizhou" brand Tianxian fine Yali pear was serialized for three years, and was recognized as "famous agricultural products" at the fifth, sixth and seventh North Agricultural and Sideline Products and Agricultural Technology Exchange Conference. Won the advanced unit of improving quality and increasing efficiency of Yali pear in science and education work of forest fruit in Hebei Province. 200165438+February, Hebei Quality Award Examination Committee awarded "Weizhou" brand Tianxian Boutique Yali as "Hebei Quality Product"; At the same time, it was listed as "Yali pear quality structure adjustment demonstration county" by the Provincial Forestry Bureau; On June 5438+ 10, 2002, Hebei Forestry Bureau awarded wei county "Top Ten Counties for Industrial Structure Adjustment of Forest and Fruit" and "Advanced County for Science and Technology Promotion at Provincial Level". In March, China Economic Society named "Weizhou" pear.
Yali brand is "China famous fruit"; In September, Wei County was recognized as "pollution-free fruit production base in Hebei Province" by Hebei Forestry Bureau. June 5438+February, "Weizhou" brand Tianxian Boutique Yali won the title of "Hebei Famous Brand Product" named by Hebei Quality Award Examination Committee. In 2003, it was awarded as an advanced unit in the construction of "Hometown of Specialty in China" by the organizing committee of naming publicity activities of China Hometown of Specialty. Weixian Yali pear has been exported to Southeast Asia, Europe and other countries and regions for more than ten years. At present, the planting area of Yali pear in the county is 1336 1 hectare, with an annual output of 200 million kilograms. Wei County Yali pear, which began in Song Dynasty, became a large-scale Yali pear in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 11th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1672), Mao Tianqi, the magistrate of Wei County, wrote a famous sentence "Pear leaves are surrounded by long forests, and Qiu Guang is all over the original hills" in Poems of Traveling to Weitai. Wei county Yali pear is characterized by its big head, thin skin, small pit, fine meat, little residue, rich juice, sweet and sour taste, crisp and delicious, and it sells well at home and abroad. Jinding Xie Hua crisp pear, a traditional specialty in Ningling County, Henan Province (see photo). During the reign of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, he paid tribute to the court. This kind of pear has a layer of golden yellow fruit spots around its stalk, which makes it crisp and delicious, hence the name. It is characterized by golden color, tender skin and crisp meat, and sweet juice without residue. Besides being eaten directly, it can also be processed into canned food, wine and medicine. Jinmengli is mainly produced in Menghui Town, Jin Meng County and its surrounding areas. In ancient times, it was once a tribute pear, and it was known as "Luoyang Kumquat". Located in the alluvial beach area of the Yellow River, the soil is deep and fertile, with abundant sunshine and convenient irrigation and drainage, which is suitable for pear tree growth. Jinmeng pear has been cultivated for more than 2000 years. According to the Book of Qi Yao Min, there is a Zhanggong summer pear in northern Mang, Luoyang, which is very sweet and unique in the sea. Gaoping huanghuali is characterized by its large size, strong flavor, high moisture content, neat and uniform fruit shape, crisp fruit, strong taste and good storage resistance. Bright color, the average fruit weight is about 400g, and the maximum fruit weight is1850 g. Sugar content of sugar pear is 9.98% and acid content is 0.23%.
The acid ratio is 38.93, which belongs to the middle and superior quality. The main producing areas are Chen Qu, Sizhuang, Lu Yong, Busan, Zhaozhuang, Yechuan, Duzhai, Tuanchi (now Shennong Town) and other places. Among them, the quality of rhubarb pears produced in Tielu Village of Chenqu Town is the most famous, commonly known as "Tielu Pear". As early as the Sui Dynasty, it was once sealed as a tribute treasure by the royal family. Gaoping huanghuali is characterized by its rich fragrance, fragrant taste, sweet and delicious taste, and high content of vitamins and minerals. Later, it was dedicated to the emperor during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has a history of 1500 years. pear
Rhubarb pear is often used as medicine to induce medicine, especially to reduce phlegm and reduce fire, relieve sores, colds, bronchitis and cough. ) Thirst, aphonia, constipation, hangover, etc. Perhaps this is why the emperor asked Gaoping county officials to pay tribute to him every year. There is also a local saying: "The poisonous gas is strong in spring and March, and eating a catty of pears is more useful than taking a pill." In the past March, (Rhubarb pears will "string together" local proverbs if they are not properly preserved. I don't know how to describe them! In a word, the March rhubarb pear will go bad if it is not preserved properly, but it is not rotten. Similar to the radish that will dry in the middle, the people call it "bran heart". Therefore, every February is more precious. ) rhubarb pears are basically sold out and it is difficult to buy. So whenever someone eats at the farmhouse, they will feel very precious.
The cultivation significance of editing this paragraph
Pear fruit is fresh and tender, the meat is crisp and juicy, sweet and sour, and the flavor is fragrant and beautiful. Rich in sugar, protein, fat, carbohydrates and vitamins, it plays an important role in human health. Pear fruit can also be processed into dried pear, preserved pear, pear sauce, pear juice, canned pear and so on. It can also be used to make wine and vinegar. Pear fruit also has medicinal value, which can help digestion, moisten the lungs and clear the heart, eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, clear away heat and toxic materials and produce sores, and also has the function of diuresis and moistening stool. Pear wood is fine and moderate in hardness, and it is the raw material for carving seals and high-grade furniture. Pear contains minerals such as protein, fat, sugar, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron and various vitamins, and has the functions of lowering blood pressure, nourishing yin and clearing heat. Patients with hypertension, heart disease, hepatitis and cirrhosis will benefit greatly from eating some pears regularly. It can promote appetite, help digestion, have diuretic, laxative and antipyretic effects, and can be used to supplement water and nutrition during high fever. Ripe pears help the kidneys excrete uric acid and prevent gout, rheumatism and arthritis. Pears have the effects of moistening dryness, expelling wind, sobering up and detoxifying. When the climate is dry in autumn, people often feel itchy skin, dry mouth and nose, and sometimes dry cough with little phlegm. Eating one or two pears a day can relieve autumn dryness and is good for health. Zhaozhou Sydney is a specialty of Zhaoxian County, with a long history of cultivation, which can be traced back to pears at the earliest.
1700 years ago. As early as the Qin and Han dynasties, it was selected as a court tribute by successive dynasties. Named for its white meat as jade and frosty as snow, the history contains: Zhaozhou Imperial Pear, which is said to be "as big as a fist, as sweet as honey, as crisp as a diamond". Its fruit is big and round, with thin skin and thick flesh, beautiful color, juicy and sweet, just like Zhao Zhouqiao. The single fruit weight of Zhaozhou Sydney is generally about 400g, with a maximum of 1900g and a sugar content of 12- 14% and a maximum of 16.5%. Sydney is rich in nutrition, containing a variety of organic acids, protein, minerals and vitamins. Besides fresh food, it can also be processed into canned food. It has the medical effects of promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, clearing away heat and toxic materials, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. The income of many pear producing areas in China has become the main way for farmers to get rich and the pillar industry of local national economic income. Therefore, the production and development of pear trees are of great significance to improving farmers' living standards and promoting the development of modern and efficient agriculture in China.
Edit the cultivation characteristics of this part.
Pear trees have strong adaptability to soil, and can grow and bear fruit in mountains, hills, deserts, depressions, saline-alkali land and red soil. But the quality of fruit is slightly different. Under general cultivation and management conditions, high yield can be obtained. Pear trees have long life and long economic utilization period. There are many big trees in the pear-growing areas in the north and south of China, with the age of 100 ~ 150, lush foliage and numerous fruits. The yield of some plants can reach more than 1000 ~ 1500 kg. Pear belongs to Qiuzi pear with strong cold resistance, and most of its cultivated varieties can tolerate the low temperature of -30℃, such as Xiaoxiangshan, Mali, Balixiang and Gai Hua. The cold resistance of Pak Lei can also reach the low temperature of -23 ~-25℃. pear
Pear trees are particularly resistant to waterlogging. According to research, they can endure 9 days in stagnant water without oxygen, second only to grapes. Grafting is commonly used in seedling propagation, and commonly used rootstocks are Du pear, Yamanashi, Dou pear and Sha pear. Dwarfing culture of pear tree is an important means of intensive cultivation of fruit trees. Quince yunnanensis is the best dwarf rootstock in production at present, which has the characteristics of high cutting survival rate and strong dwarf effect. K-series rootstocks, such as K3 1, K9, K 13, K2 1 and K28, which have been selected by Chinese scientists and technicians, have strong dwarfing or semi-dwarfing characteristics, strong affinity with pear varieties and good grafting healing and rooting ability. Most pear varieties fail to bear fruit by self-pollination, even if some varieties have certain fruit-bearing ability by self-pollination, cross-pollination can bear fruit better Therefore, it is very necessary to configure a good pollination combination and sufficient pollination in the pear orchard. The ratio of main cultivated varieties to pollinated varieties is 3∶ 1 and 4∶ 1. Planting density should consider soil fertility and varieties. Generally, in the plain with deep and fertile soil and convenient irrigation, the trees are large and should be planted sparsely. The row spacing is 2 ~ 4m× 5 ~ 7m, and 23 ~ 66 plants are planted per mu. Planting in mountainous areas, desert areas and saline-alkali land should be densely planted, 2 ~ 4m× 3 ~ 5m. Dwarf dense planting garden 1.5m× 3m ~ 3x4m, with 55 ~ 148 plants per mu.
Edit main cultivated varieties in this section.
Pear varieties cultivated in China mainly belong to four systems: Qiuzi pear, Pak Lei pear, Shali pear and Liyang pear. There are many varieties, many varieties, and all pear areas in the north and south have complete varieties with different maturity, which are suitable for cultivation in various regions. Qiuzi pear is mainly produced in Liaoning, Jilin, north-central Hebei, Gansu Longzhong and Hexi Corridor. In the north of the Yangtze River valley, it reaches the Great Wall in Hebei and the Pear Blossom in Pak Lei in western Liaoning.
The diversity of the system is dominant. Among them, Xuehua pear and Yali pear, which are produced in central and southern Hebei, are among the best, not only with delicate taste, but also with high medicinal and health care functions. The varieties of sand pear system are distributed in various provinces and regions south of the Yangtze River Basin. Pear varieties are mainly distributed in Jiaodong, Shandong, Dalian, Liaoning and the old course of the Yellow River, and the cultivation area is very small. Yali pear is the most refreshing. The fruit of Yali pear is obovate, with a duck head-shaped bulge at the top. The peel of Yali pear is generally yellow-green, and it is pale yellow after storage. Bagging cultivation of yellow and white fruits, also known as crystal pear or crystal pear. Yali pear is low in sugar, sweet and refreshing, which is the best choice to solve the greasy problem. Botou in Hebei and Yangxin in Shandong are the most famous. Sydney is a great tonic for lung heat. Xuehua pear is yellow-green, with rough skin and waxy skin. Among the common pears in the market, it is the largest, each weighing about 350-400 grams. Its meat is crisp and its juice is sweet. It is the most famous one in Zhao County, Hebei Province. The medicinal value of Sydney is very high, and it has the functions of clearing heart, moistening lung, relaxing bowels, relieving cough and moistening dryness, sobering up and detoxifying. Crispy pear pulp is the most crisp. Crispy pear (also known as Gong Li) tastes sweet, slightly fragrant, and its flesh is crisp and juicy. Crispy pear fruit is nearly cylindrical, with green and yellow skin, light yellow after storage and yellow and white after bagging. Xinjiang and Shanxi have the best quality. Dangshan crisp pear entered the palace as a tribute pear in the Qing Dynasty. Now the planting area is too large, which makes the overall quality of pears decline. However, the crisp pear produced in Liliang Town is still the top grade in the area near the old Yellow River, which is the origin of tribute pear. Pears are sweet and fragrant. The scientific name of fragrant pear is Korla fragrant pear, and the fruit is small, spindle-shaped or obovate. The peel is yellow-green, with a blush on the sunny side and a thin peel. This kind of pear has high sugar content, crisp and slag-free, and rich flavor. Nanguo pear has the strongest fragrance when it is soft. Nanguo pear has small fruit, green and yellow skin, and a blush on the sunny side. Fresh fruit is crisp, hard, sweet and sour. If it is left at room temperature for about 15 days, the meat will soften, melt in the mouth, have a lot of juice and have a particularly strong flavor. Produced in Liaoning, Anshan and Liaoyang are the most famous. Apple and pear are sweet and sour. Also known as Huangguan pear, the skin is dark yellow, the bagged fruit is light yellow, the appearance is like yellow banana apple, the meat is crisp and juicy, sweet and sour, and delicious. Fengshui pear is the sweetest. Bagging results in yellowish brown and golden yellow skin. The meat is tender and juicy with a sweet taste. pear
Its storage time is the shortest, and it can only be stored for about 10 days at room temperature. The quality of Yantai pear juice is poor. The scientific name of Yantai pear is five or nine fragrant, and the skin is green and yellow. After a period of time, the fruit becomes soft, with less juice and sweet and sour taste, which is suitable for the elderly and children and is not resistant to storage. Pear meat is the most delicate. Pear is the general name of imported western pear varieties, which is subdivided into green pear, red pear and California pear. The overall characteristics of pears are that the fruit tastes best after softening, delicate and soft, sweet and juicy, and the stone is extremely small. The pulp is mostly gourd-shaped or gourd-shaped, with various colors. California pear is the sweetest variety among pears. Sour pears are the sourest and thickest. The scientific name of sour pear is Anli, and its skin is green. Its skin will turn brown if it is stored for a long time. The pulp is thick and hard, softened when it matures, rich in juice, sweet and sour, refreshing and fragrant, which is extremely resistant to storage and transportation. Osmanthus pear (high temperature resistant pear). It is resistant to diseases and high temperatures, and is suitable for planting in the south subtropical region. Dongmen Town, Chongzuo City, Guangxi (south of the Tropic of Cancer 100km) can blossom and bear fruit normally. High yield, good quality, soluble solids 1 1%~ 13%, sweet and sour; Early maturity, early summer and early June take the lead in responding to the market. The use of pears
Pear fruit: it has the effects of promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, clearing away heat and resolving phlegm. It is suitable for fever, polydipsia, thirst quenching, hot cough, phlegm-heat fright, diaphragmatic choking, thirst aphonia, red eyes with swelling and pain, and dyspepsia. Pear skin: clear heart and moisten lung, reduce fire and promote fluid production, nourish kidney and nourish yin. Roots, branches and leaves, and flowers can moisten the lungs, eliminate phlegm, and clear away heat and toxic materials. Pear: containing lignin, it is an insoluble fiber, which can be dissolved in the intestine to form a colloidal film, and is eliminated after combining with cholesterol in the intestine. Pears containing boron can prevent osteoporosis in women. When boron is sufficient, memory, attention and mental acuity will be improved. -How to eat pears?-Raw food: There is a folk saying that "the living clears the heat of the six internal organs, while the ripe ones nourish the yin of the five internal organs". Therefore, eating pears raw can obviously relieve symptoms such as dry throat, itching, pain, hoarseness, constipation and red urine in patients with upper respiratory tract infection. -Squeezing: Squeezing pears into pear juice, or adding a little boat-fruited Sterculia, winter melon seeds and crystal sugar, and boiling for drinking, which can moisten the throat and replenish body fluid for those with dry weather, strong physique, dry laryngitis and low voice. -Steamed pear with rock sugar: Steamed pear with rock sugar is a traditional food supplement in China. It can nourish yin, moisten lung, relieve cough and eliminate phlegm, and has a good moisturizing and protective effect on throat. -pear drink: "pear toffee" is famous at home and abroad. It is made of pear and honey, and has obvious curative effect on patients with chronic cough due to lung heat.
Tips for eating pears
★ Pears are cold and wet, and eating more will hurt the spleen and stomach. Therefore, people who are deficient in spleen and stomach and are afraid of cold should eat less. ★ Pears contain more fruit acid and stomach acid, so don't eat more. ★ Pears have diuretic effect, and those who have frequent urination at night should eat less pears before going to bed. ★ Patients with blood deficiency, chills, diarrhea and cold hands and feet should not eat more pears. It is best to cook them before eating them to prevent the symptoms of dampness and cold from getting worse. ★ Pears have high sugar content, so diabetics should be careful. ★ Pear contains a lot of fruit acid, so it should not be used with alkaline drugs, such as aminophylline and baking soda. Pears should not be eaten with crabs to prevent diarrhea. ★ To relieve cough and resolve phlegm, it is not advisable to choose sweet pears with high sugar content. It is also rich in vitamins A, B, C, D, E and trace element iodine.
Medical prescription
(1) Cold, cough and acute bronchitis: 1 pear, washed, peeled and chopped, and steamed with crystal sugar. Or remove the top of the pear, remove the core, add 3 grams of Fritillaria, rock sugar 10 gram, and put it in a bowl. When the pear is ripe, put it in the soup and eat it for 2-3 days. The curative effect is particularly good. (2) Chronic tracheitis, dry cough with little phlegm, dry mouth and red tongue. Constipation: raw pear 1, add honey or ice essence to pear, steam pear and make soup, once a day 1 time, 5 days as a course of treatment. Or peel pear, add almond 10g and rock sugar 30g, and steam cooked food for relieving cough and resolving phlegm, clearing away heat and promoting fluid production. (3) Lung fever, sore throat and aphonia: Sydney mashed juice is slowly swallowed, 3-4 times a day. (4) Lung-heat cough: stew raw pears with rock sugar, or stew raw pears with 3 grams of Fritillaria; Or 1 pear, 30 grams of reed rhizome, boiled with rock sugar, hot food before going to bed, preferably sweating, for 3 days; Or pear juice and lotus root juice. (5) whooping cough, ephedra 1g, Fritillaria cirrhosa 3g, and orange pit 6g, covered and steamed. (6) Pulmonary tuberculosis with hemoptysis and dry cough without phlegm: Fritillaria cirrhosa 10g, two pears peeled and cut into pieces, cooked with pig lungs, flavored with rock sugar, clearing away heat and moistening lungs, relieving cough and resolving phlegm. (7) Weakness of pulmonary tuberculosis: pear juice 100 ml, human milk steamed hot drink 100 ml, can tonify deficiency, generate blood, nourish yin and moisten dryness. (8) Pulmonary phlegm cough, dry cough and hemoptysis: 6 cases in Sydney. Peeling and digging the heart, glutinous rice100g cooked rice, fritillary bulb powder12g. Wax gourd strips 100g chopped. Mix rock sugar 100g, put it in pears, steam for 50 minutes, and take/kloc-0 each time in the morning and evening, which can moisten the lungs, eliminate phlegm, reduce fire and relieve cough. (9) Children with wind-heat cough and loss of appetite: duck pears are decocted in water to get juice, and rice porridge is added. (10) Exhaustion, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic cough with low fever: cut 1 000g pear and radish and concentrate them into paste, add 250g ginger juice, mix them with 250g condensed milk and honey, put them in a bottle and boil them, each time1spoon. (1 1) Pharyngitis, redness, swelling, heat and pain, dysphagia: Pear is soaked in rice vinegar, mashed, juiced and swallowed slowly, morning and evening 1 time. (12) Long-term cough hurts lung yin, cough with little phlegm, dry throat and mouth: 1 Sydney, 15g lily, 25g crystal sugar, boiled in water, and the lily can be eaten when cooked. (13) Eliminating phlegm and relieving cough: Mashing pears, adding ginger juice and white honey; Or add ginger juice and white honey to pear paste to eat. (14) infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, snow pear dry100g, 50g of spinach root, 50g of lily and 50g of mother-of-pearl, decocted thoroughly in water. (15) Lack of body fluid, dry cough: 1 Sydney, 25g of chrysanthemum, 25g of Ophiopogon japonicus, decocted in water, and taken with proper amount of sugar. (16) aphonia: pear juice is often drunk or chopped with pears and stewed with rock sugar. (17) Chronic dysentery, pear skin and pomegranate skin, decocted in moderation. (18) Taiyin febrile disease thirst: 1 sweet pear, sliced, soaked in cold water for half a day, mashed into juice, and frequently drunk. (19) fever due to yin deficiency, Sydney 1 piece, tremella 10g, Fritillaria cirrhosa 5g, decocted. (20) Big Sydney 1 piece, clove 15 pieces, put them into pears, wrap them with wet paper for 4-5 layers, and cook them. (2 1) Jaundice: 1 piece of Sydney is soaked in vinegar every day. (22) After high fever, there are 65438 pears +0-2, Fritillaria Fritillaria 6 grams, honey 1 spoon, all of which are steamed or eaten with pear juice. (23) Various bleeding (hemoptysis, hematuria, hematochezia, menorrhagia), nocturnal emission, irritability, thirst, dry mouth, oliguria, constipation and other diseases: eating boiled pears or dried pears often can nourish yin and moisten dryness. (24) Stroke hemiplegia, unfavorable language: drinking raw pear juice often drives away lung collaterals and stagnates heat. (25) Ulcer: eat pear juice or boil pear soup to clear away heat and fire. (26) Drunk: Eat raw pears or juice pears. (27) Wind-heat cough: pear 65438+ 0,7 white-bearded shallots, sugar 10g and water. (28) Choking the diaphragm and nausea: Pears dig their hearts, add 50 petals, and wrap them for steaming. (29) Fever, thirst, dry throat and polydipsia after drinking: Sydney, fresh reed rhizome, water chestnut, fresh lotus root and fresh Ophiopogon japonicus (or sugar cane) are properly chopped and squeezed. (30) Quenching thirst: take raw pears and mash them, or cook them into Sydney paste. (3 1) Esophageal cancer: Pear juice is taken together with human milk, sugarcane juice, reed root juice, urine and bamboo juice.