For thousands of years, Chinese traditional medicine has attached great importance to the dialectical relationship between diet conditioning and health and longevity, including dietotherapy, that is, diet conditioning can achieve the effect of preserving health and preventing diseases, and medicated diet, that is, mixing food and drugs to make meals to achieve the effect of preserving health and preventing diseases. The medicated diet mentioned in this article includes dietotherapy. Traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated valuable experience in dietotherapy and health care in long-term medical practice, forming a unique theoretical system, so dietotherapy is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine. Actively promoting Chinese dietotherapy has not only made important contributions to the health and longevity of the people in China, but also has far-reaching significance for promoting the development of health care medicine in the world. The development of modern medicated diet is further improved on the basis of summing up the experience of the ancients. Its application is more in line with the development of TCM theory, pays attention to the research and application of modern scientific theory, and has its theoretical and scientific development direction. Its development characteristics are more diversified.