Jin people in the late Spring and Autumn Period

Zi Huazi was a native of Jin at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Warring States Period, he talked about Ren Wei. He is the author of Zi Huazi. Although there are no records in Han Art and Literature, there are records about Zi Huazi in Zhuangzi, Liezi and Lv Chunqiu during the Warring States Period, and also in Confucius' letters. Therefore, it is certain that Zi Huazi is a real person. He lived in Zhuangzi and was contemporary with Confucius. He attaches great importance to health care, and advocates "making up for deficiency", "making up for loss", "keeping health with wisdom" and "keeping health with sincerity". His viewpoint of "six desires for health care" still has great practical value. As far as its health-keeping characteristics are concerned. Mainly reflected in the "six desires are suitable" and "exercise health" two aspects. According to research, it is an original. [ 1]

Chinese name

Purple flower seed

nationality

Jin state

occupation

philosopher

Major achievements

Philosopher in the Spring and Autumn Period, contemporary with Confucius, a native of Jin State.

A brief introduction to the related deeds and thoughts of TA

brief introduction

Zi Huazi, a philosopher in the Spring and Autumn Period, was a contemporary of Confucius and a native of the State of Jin. Starting from "attaching importance to life", he pays attention to health preservation. That is, advocating exercise and persuasion; He also advocates that "all six desires are suitable", which is different from Taoism. The viewpoints of "attaching importance to life" and "whole life" are very enlightening to later Zhuang Zhou. The book Zi Huazi. Have a unique view on health preservation. His idea of keeping in good health is as follows:

First, life is the best, and six desires are appropriate. Zi Huazi divided the degree of health preservation into four grades: full life, lack of life, death and forced life. A lifetime means a long and healthy life, so "a lifetime" is the purpose of health preservation, and secular desires must be balanced. If there is only partial balance, it is called "death." It is impossible to achieve the goal of longevity by "losing your life". Therefore, people are required to pay attention to the aftercare of six desires and seven emotions, especially not to "worry about the body and hurt their lives." Maintaining the spirit of happiness is the primary task of realizing "life-long".

Second, if the flow is blocked, the disease will occur, and the main transport will be given priority. Zi believes that the normal physiology is "a trip to camp and defend, without losing consciousness, the six fu-organs melt into the valley, and the body fluid spreads, so it can last for a long time without embarrassment." Therefore, the Lord takes "moving" as health preservation and dredging qi and blood as nourishment, and thinks that "running water does not rot, but also dies because of it; Hu Shu's Fu Bao emphasized the importance of keeping qi and blood running. It is precisely because of the smooth flow of qi and blood and the powerful functions of zang-fu organs that a virtuous circle is formed and health is promoted. Exercise can dredge qi and blood, which can nourish healthy qi. He believes that "luck" and "exercise" can make life "longevity", and he is also the first expert in the world to put forward that "life lies in exercise". Life lies in exercise. Diligent hands and brains are the reasons for celebrities' longevity and the guarantee for ordinary people's longevity.

Related deeds

1, "Zhuangzi Jean Wang": The dispute between Han and invasion of land, see Zhao Nuohou (Han). Zhao Nuo is worried. Zi Huazi said: Today, the book of the world is engraved in front of you. The words in the book say: if you grasp it with your left hand, your right hand will be useless. If you grasp it with your right hand, your left hand will be useless. However, the one who gets it wins the world. Can you catch it? Zhao Nuohou said: I won't catch it. Zi Huazi said: Very good. Naturally, two arms are more important than the world. The body is also heavier than the arm. The lightness of Korea is far away from the world. Today's dispute is lighter than South Korea's, so you can't worry about your life. Nuohou said: Good! There are many people who teach me, and I have never heard of this statement. Zi Huazi knows the weight.

When the war between Korea and Wei was about to break out, I was very anxious, but I was indifferent to the gains and losses of my motherland. He enlightened Han Zhaohou and said: I give you the right to rule the world, but are you willing to exchange it at the cost of cutting off your arms? Han Zhaohou said don't change. Since weapons are more important than the world, and life is undoubtedly more important than weapons, Zi Huazi came to the conclusion that personal life is more important than everything in the world. [2]

2, "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals": Confucius said: "The whole life is the best, followed by death, death, and forced life." Therefore, the so-called respect for life, the whole life is called; The so-called life, six desires are suitable. The so-called loser, six desires get his share. For those who respect life, the loss of life is negligible. Even people who have suffered a big loss have great respect. The so-called death, there is nothing to know, and it is not born. The so-called forced life, six desires do not match, each has its own evil. Clothes are also humiliating. Shame is greater than injustice, so injustice is forced to live. Moreover, forcing life is not only unjust, so forcing life to die is said. What if I know? Don't be ignorant when you hear what you hate; See what is evil, if you can't see it. Therefore, thunder covers his ears and electricity covers his eyes, which is more than that. Anyone who wants six things knows their evils and will not be exempted unless he knows everything. People who know nothing are called dead, so they are forced to live a life without death. Carnivores are not rotten mice; Alcoholics are not defeated by alcohol; People who respect life are not forced to live.

Zi Huazi said: "The whole life is the best, compromise is the second, and death under compromise is not the lowest." Therefore, people who respect life refer to those who are fully protected; The so-called all-life-saving person gets all six desires. The so-called compromise people get some good places in the six desires. Then the dignity of those who compromise will be weak. The more they abuse their own lives, the weaker their dignity. The so-called dead man restores the time he didn't live without knowing (something). Those who are forced to live and beg for death get nothing from the six desires, but the worst part. Obedience is like this, humiliation is like this. Humiliation cannot be more serious than injustice. The reason for injustice is not to ask for it. Being forced to live and beg for death is not only unjust, so it is better to die than to be forced to live and beg for death. [3]

think

(1) is suitable for all six desires. Zi Huazi divides the degree of his health care into four grades: whole life, poor life, death and forced life, and thinks that "whole life is the best, poor life is the second, death is the second, and forced life is the second." He also explained the cloud: "All six desires are suitable, and the whole life is also. The so-called loser, six desires get his share. If a husband dies, he will be thinner than the person he respects. Its loss is very small, and its respect is thin. The so-called dead people who know nothing are born again. The so-called forced life, six desires are uncomfortable, they are evil, and the service is also humiliating. Shame is greater than injustice, and injustice forces life. Therefore, it is better to die than to live. " It can be seen that "all one's life" is health and longevity, and it is the purpose of health preservation. To achieve this goal, we must achieve "six desires are appropriate", that is, we must be good at regulating emotional activities, not "worrying about the body and hurting the body" and not forgetting the body. Don't indulge in pork and lose wine, and so on. In short, we must love life, respect life, and achieve "all six desires" in order to "live a life"; If only a part is suitable, it will "lose life" and lose life; If the loss is extreme, it will die; If the "six desires are inappropriate", the behavior is not standardized, and life is unfair and humiliating, it is called "forcing life". "Forced to live" means that life is worse than death. Therefore, people who are good at keeping in good health must achieve "all six desires are suitable". [ 1]

(2) Exercise. Zi Huazi believes that the reason why people can live a long and healthy life is because "the trip to camp and guard is irregular, the six fu-organs melt into the valley, and the body fluid diverges, so they can last for a long time without embarrassment." What affects longevity is disease, which is caused by "hiding officials, storing blood, storing qi, blocking orifices and blocking customs", so he advocates "moving" to preserve health and prevent diseases. Zi Hua Ziyun said, "Running water does not rot, so it is called wandering. The hub of the household is not awkward, so it is also fortunate. " This concept of health care, which attaches great importance to dredging qi and blood, is also manifested in Zi Huazi's unique explanation of "medicine", such as the cloud: "Those who become medicine are also"; "Hey, squat, lift it." This is not only of great significance to health preservation, but also the origin of the therapy of "promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis" and "activating qi and promoting blood circulation" in later generations. Aristotle, an ancient Greek thinker, put forward the argument that "life needs exercise" in the 3rd century BC. Comparatively speaking, Zi Huazi's concept of "keeping in good health by exercise" was summed up in the 6th century BC, more than 300 years before Aristotle.