Its main characteristics are innocence, purity, loveliness, carefree, carefree. Children are generally childlike. As they grow older, they become mature, steady, smart, scheming and interesting, but who is the most precious wealth of children?
? Innocence, slightly adapted, is included in the 200 1 version of the brochure, the fifth lesson, the first day of the Chinese textbook.
? An ordinary sight or thing will become a beautiful and unusual thing through imagination and association.
[Editor] Original
? I remember my childish arrogance. I look at things carefully and pay close attention to their texture. Outside, it is a matter of interest.
? In summer, mosquitoes come into my personal expectation, and cranes dance in the air. Heart, thousands or hundreds, is really a crane; Proud of it, it deserves a powerful project. When staying in the mosquito golden tent, puff smoke, red smoke, fly white cranes, and cheer for them as if they were cranes in the clouds.
? I often crouch down on uneven walls and mottled grass with flower beds, so Sarkozy and Taiwan Province Province are very close. He saw forests, weeds, pests and wild animals, as well as boulders and valleys on the mountains, and walked with a peaceful mind.
? 1, look, two bugs are fighting for grass, so strong. Suddenly, a huge monster pulled out of the mountain and fell from the tree to cover up the frog's skin disease. One tongue sticks out and two worms swallow it. My little party, in a trance, was taken aback unconsciously. God will catch frogs, whip dozens of families and drive away other hospitals.
? The above is the original document, "Lin Yutang original:
? My memory is too naive, and the arrogance of that day is obvious. Hold small things; Should we check its quality carefully? Outside, it is a matter of interest.
? In summer, mosquitoes dance for a group of cranes, and their hearts are for me, whether it is a thousand or a hundred, which is a true crane. To be proud, this is a project worthy of strengthening. There are also mosquitoes resident in the golden tent, flying away with smoke, and the white crane in Qingyun looks like a crane in the cloud, cheerful and cheering. I often crouch in the place where the walls are concave and convex, and where the flowers and grass are mixed, which makes Taiwan Province Province feel very good together. What makes me feel very comfortable is the beasts of forest and grass pests, huge gravel convex hills and concave cutting.
? 1, Yayoi Kusama's concept of killing two insects is very strong, and, you see, there are huge monsters, including a toad and a swallow with two insects in its tongue. I am young and in a trance. To my surprise, God will catch the frog, whip him dozens of times and drive him to the hospital. Beat their old man and two bugs and rape them from beginning to end. As the old saying goes, "rape almost killed you", so do bugs? In the occupation of greed, eggs are worms and swollen in Kazakhstan. Even if a woman who doesn't drive a duck to open a servant in Kazakhstan lets go, British ducks have a similar swallowing effect, fear and cry through a language handle. Euphemistic childhood hobbies.
Note: Shrimp reads "Housing Authority"
[Edit this paragraph] Chairman
? As a child, I have good eyesight. If you open your eyes and look directly at the sun, you can see the birds with the most exquisite feathers born in autumn. Whenever you see an exquisite thing, you must carefully examine and review it, which often brings fun beyond secular life.
? On summer nights, mosquitoes buzz like thunder. "I secretly compared them to a group of cranes flying in the air. My heart thinks so. She turned into hundreds of mosquitoes. Lift them up. I saw your head held high and your neck stiff. " Once again, mosquitoes still dyed the yard red, smoking and spraying slowly, making them all fly around at the smoke. This scene of "I" is better than the landscape of Qingyun Crane. Sure enough, they like cranes against nervous clouds. "I'm glad this TV station applauds.
? I often lean on the uneven soil on the wall next to the flower beds and creeping weeds, and bend down to let our bodies and tall flower beds observe carefully. Shrubs are imaginary beasts, trees are pests, protruding from hills, low-lying places and ditches of the land, and "I" will wander leisurely.
? One day, I saw two insects tug-of-war on the grass. When I look closely, the benefits you see are obvious. Suddenly, a monster came down from the mountain and overwhelmed the tree. This is a frog skin disease. This is sticking out your tongue. When I was a child, two kinds of insects were swallowed up and watched with fascination the coming battle between the two kinds of insects. Frog skin disease unconsciously committed. "I watched and settled down. They caught the frog and rushed to other yards with dozens of whips.
? Excerpted from Lin Yutang and Leisure Area, appreciated by the editor. Shen Fu (1763 to 1825), a writer in Qing dynasty, was born in Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu).
? Teenager: teenager.
? Head: Keep your eyes open.
? 4. Autumn birds fall and reproduce very slender feathers. The latter means the smallest thing.
? 5. despise small.
? 6, object: here, beyond the material itself.
? Project: neck, neck.
? Top 8: Through the average of "stiffness" and "stiffness".
? Gold account: an uncolored account.
? 10, slow down.
? 1 1, Mr. Li: birdsong.
? 12, peace of mind describes happiness and satisfaction. Contentment, ease and happiness.
? Note: the word "neck" is pronounced "Geng"
? Three things besides fun: 1. Summer mosquitoes become thunder, and private cranes dance empty. The heart is a hundred thousand, a hundred, a true crane. To be proud, this is a project worthy of strengthening. There are also mosquitoes resident in the golden tent, flying away with smoke, and the white crane in Qingyun looks like a crane in the cloud, cheerful and cheering. Walls collide, flower beds are overgrown with weeds, and people often squat down, making a given grid fine according to Taiwan Province Province. Animals are pests of forest and grass. They are tall, bumpy and wandering, and feel very comfortable. 1(3), these two bugs are fighting grass, which is awesome. Suddenly, a huge tree-covered toad pulled down the mountain. Swallows are made up of two bugs that spit out their tongues. I was young, political party, in a trance, and I panicked before I knew it. God will catch frogs and whip dozens of families to drive other families.
[Edit this paragraph] Text discussion
First of all, grasp the whole
The purpose of this article is to "transcend the object of interest" in the writer's childhood. Interesting material, although not the thing itself, is the concept of subjective experience and object. What is the result? Criminals can also be said to be the object of charm. Mosquitoes and insects in the grass are very small things in summer, which can arouse children's curiosity and imagination and have charm, so they are produced.
? Childhood begins with an excellent vision, and then points to the main idea of the article. For the arrogance of Japan, you can also bear the stimulation of light. "If you are sharp-eyed, what about the little thing with excellent eyesight and clear picture?" West side. This good eye, coupled with the habit of "looking at small things and observing their texture", may be to find benefits outside the object. This is a general excerpt, only 32 words, and the wording is concise and visible. Here's an explanation.
? Mosquitoes enter the mine in summer, which is unbearable. The young author is whimsical, imagining it as a moving picture of "cranes dancing together" in the air, intoxicated by it. Then, he thought of the adventure of the "cloud" picture he saw, so he left the account of the prime minister, Mosquito, and let smoke, red smoke and flying sound. He really saw this photo. It is a virtue for our imagination to "enlarge" pictures. It is a spontaneous aesthetic consciousness, a naive mentality and a child's performance, which is one of the reasons.
Second, the ranks of young cities are eager to see the natural scenery, not his imagination to realize his wishes. He imagined that the grass on the uneven platform and the flowers in the forest, insects and mosquitoes were wild animals, and the small clods and sunken gullies on the hills gave him a free and broad world where you could enjoy the "nature" of beautiful scenery. One day, two insects in the grass made a fortune-two wild animals became the fighting in the Woods imagined by the young author. I was ecstatic to see him. Unexpectedly, a "monster" came out of the mountain and fell from the tree. Stick out your tongue and swallow two animals together. The illusion disappeared, and the young author was frightened. He didn't realize that the "monster" had a frog until he woke up. He was very angry, but he didn't want to hurt it. He just planted fat to punish him-what made it possible to write an article without an account as a whip? For his punishment of frog skin disease, it may be included in revenge. "Does an average of two bugs drive home?" In a word, it mainly destroys one's own aesthetic taste.
? The author uses the phrase "interest other than the object unifies the above two things" to illustrate that his childhood has spontaneous aesthetic consciousness and interest.
? Second, the study of the problem.
? Shen Fu's Six Chapters of a Floating Life is mainly because he grew up in his own thoughts. Love and marriage flowers beautify the room, coupled with the trivial things around his wife, the fun of childhood is only short at first, so there is a relatively independent and distinctive psychological process, which shows that children's views on things are worth studying.
? A group of young authors: Mosquito Fei thinks that "Clouds of Adventure" and "Crane Dancing in the Air" are so-called similar associations, and they think that they are associations. The latter association promoted the imitation desire of his products, so he left the mosquito's account, so the red smoke flew "concentrating on the fruit, like a cloud", which is a young illusion, but it is the goal he pursued-this is a good picture and worth pondering.
? A new concept, worm bucket, is basically the same as the above process. "Insects, mosquitoes, beasts, boulders, convex hills and concave ditches" are all similar associations, and the appearance of "monsters" is also a delusion. The difference is the reason for this illusion. At present, the young author has been completely immersed in his own realm, associating his eyes with those magnified thousands of times. Frog dermatosis is a sudden contrast, which naturally becomes a "monster", and all kinds of hallucinations are deliberately subjected to strong sudden stimulation and adventure clouds in a short time.
? Attention should be paid to cultivating students' association and imagination, which can not only improve students' reading ability and appreciation of literary and artistic works, but also help to enhance their memory and promote their creative thinking ability.
[Edit this paragraph] Practice notes
? The "I" who read the narrative saw the "trembling cloud", and the "monster" I met at the scene used my own words. Why does the author say that these two things are "the joy of foreign things"? How can you consider yourself an interesting and rich person?
? The purpose of designing questions is to make students understand the content of the text as a whole and the classic school life. Narrative enables students to say in their own words, "Repeating the main idea is one of the ways to learn life, and starting to learn classic sentences and engage in white details is no different from the blocked school life." In the process of teachers' guidance, students' creative retelling should realize that only by correcting obvious mistakes.
? First of all, students' basic requirements should be put in the answers (see the discussion in the article for reference answers), and teachers should be good at inspiring students to express their experiences.
The second question is open-ended, aiming at arousing students' enthusiasm and stimulating their aesthetic consciousness. Starting from students' spare time, stimulate students' interest and hobbies of association and imagination.
? Two explanations.
1。 The meaning and explanation of words in this paper, as well as some complementary words, such as "we should examine (examine) its texture carefully", and explain some used words, such as "the concept of the head (head) of an elevator." Try to choose a word to explain the increase of the following sentences. (1), among which, strong (2) If this risky cloud (3)(4) is overgrown with weeds, Lin Xingqiang (5) drives the other hospital (6) in a trance.
? 2。 The influence of most reservations in modern China can be explained as follows. Words as idioms. For example, Yiran repeatedly cheered and cheered (happily).
? (1) Eye-catching (2) Peace of mind (3) Monsters (4) Mosquitoes and thunder in summer (5) Beyond material pleasure.
? The purpose of designing questions is to tell students that classic words can explain a simple way to eliminate their fears. Beginners only have a classic stage, but it's hard to say. Explained texts can be copied from a book and accumulated.
? There may be many ways to deal with this problem: after reading the text several times, let the students try to solve it, or turn to the solution to clarify the process; Better level, there is no harm to students' preparation plan.
? Reference answer
1。 (1) (neck and neck) strong. (2) If (true), crane Yun Li.
? (3) shrub grass, forest (forest) (4) prosperity (benefit) is strong.
? (5) Fang (Zheng) is in a trance and ecstatic. (6) Drive (peak, expulsion)
? 2。 (1) Discrimination (see "Explicit Context")
? (2) Peace of mind (see "Precautions")
? (3) Monsters (major events)
? (4) Mosquitoes turn to thunder in summer (swarms of mosquitoes sound like thunder in summer, which is an exaggerated performance)
? (5) A naive child who observes things wants to play games and feels uncomfortable alone. It feels subtle.
? Recite the full text.
? Recite this article, first look at the effect of the knowledge of long grass on the right. To this end, teachers must put forward specific guidance: (1) Students can read through model essays, and lead to a clear time rhythm, and achieve the mantra through repeated practice; (B) clear the narrative order of the article, so that students can understand the effect of the layer.
? To insist on reciting in class, you can do the last complete exercise in the memorized division, and recite one to teach you to read some.
[Edit this paragraph] Teaching suggestions
Can I use it? The lesson in this article is to teach reading.
As this is the first time for students from classical schools to enter school, it is necessary to talk about the significance and methods of learning China classics. No more than 20 minutes. The main points are as follows:
? A classic ancient written language is characterized by simplicity and elegance. The ancient spoken language from China, which is classical in China and modern in China, also originated from the ancient spoken language from China, regardless of the same origin and different streams, whether in the same place or in different places. Mainly similar, different times, this is not difficult to learn, we must have the confidence to learn.
? In order to inherit the culture of our motherland, we can learn many classics about China. Among many words in China's classics, language remains in modern China. Studying China's classics can enrich our language warehouse.
? Thirdly, the key is to learn China's classical sense of language. Cultivate a sense of language: first, memorize familiar classical expressions and language habits; second, understand in your own mind that the purpose is to blend in with the introduction, and "harmony" means "seeing" the introduction and "imagining"; third, actively accumulate vocabulary and master classical expression tools. These three are closely related and indispensable.
? Teaching reading class, I plan to spend 70 minutes. The suggestions are as follows:
1。 It must be done in class.
In this article, ***22 1 word is read once at a medium speed of 1 minute 50 seconds. It is considered that 12 times (including the teacher's reading and delivery time) is only about 24 minutes. Is this completely possible? When the class is sung. This is done to help students develop reading habits. In order to achieve this goal, the following measures can be taken:
(1) Preview the text and read it at least three times.
(2) Guide students to recite. Pause from the department. Students who are used to learning word by word in primary schools (helping to identify fonts and pronounce them correctly) have nothing wrong with the first example of individual sentences, so that students can know that the reading method is different from the past. For example:
? /Proud of Japan's arrogance/From a point of view, progressive/strong.
? /Red Smoke/Flying Tiger/Qingyun White Crane/Concept
? (In this sentence, "/"pause "*" means a short pause)
? The purpose of suspension is to clarify the level of fear and to understand the level structure. Son.
? (3) Teachers demonstrate reciting.
? 2。 In the case of dredging
The basic principle is to inspire students to take the initiative to solve problems, instead of mechanical literal translation and rote mechanical translation, so that the spirit of taking the initiative to solve problems put forward by students will disappear, which is not conducive to China's classic reading in the long run? Ability training.
However, this principle should also be flexible. The following words combine to talk about several issues:
(1) Note: If "person" is (Wei), "Bump" and "Ao", let students look up the dictionary and choose the correct pronunciation, which requires teachers to speak their minds.
? (2) Understand the new words in terms, and strive for a simple understanding, such as "private" is "it" compared with "fugue" is "there", and enjoying "is a bit like sleepwalking.
? More emphasis, such as "the contact between hand and heart is comparative."
? It can stimulate students to talk to themselves, such as asking students to "see for a long time, what kind of feeling will they have?" The following sentence "people are strong" makes students independent. By definition, this process can solve all the imitation in the background.
? (3) Speaking idioms, highlighting the key points, so that students can understand the overall meaning, and not looking closely, such as "sharp-eyed", shows good eyesight. Point out Mencius' sentence about us: "Ming is enough for the police to end, and public opinion pays." The focus of this idea. However, no later than the third grade of high school, there is no need to talk about and repeat Mencius' learning.
(4) Emphasizing function, as long as it is pointed out, is generally equivalent to a word in modern language. If necessary, it is further pointed out that grammatical remarks are never involved, and "smoking with cigarettes" is equivalent to "using" in "now". Don't say prepositional phrases, like facts. Language is a habit, and reading has become a habit, which is easy to understand. Not only should this be done, but so should the whole junior high school.
? 3。 Content teaching
"The article focuses on the writer's excellent childhood vision and those wonderful things. Junior and middle school students will arouse sympathy for reading from association, so they must be good students with similar life experiences. This class becomes a healthy and cordial conversation with the teacher, not a formulaic analysis.
? The object that makes the finishing point with the language of "away from interests" is not in a hurry to seek a deep solution at first. After speaking in a general sense, you can ask students if they have had such fun in combination with their aesthetic taste as children.
? 4。 Import and extension
? Imports can be used to create scenes.
? Start quoting the children described in ancient poems (such as the poem in Li Bai's A Trip to Gu Yue: "I don't know when it will be January, please call Bai Ye. They suspect that the Yaotai mirror flies to the end of Qingyun "), which arouses students' association.
? Ask the students to recite the full text.
[Editor] Appreciate
? I chose this article from "Random Books" by Shen Fulin, a writer in Qing Dynasty. There are 999 records in the original book, and there were 1 records before. This is a lyric memoir and narrative prose. Vivid brushwork delicately depicts some drifting and peaceful mentality. "In interesting accounts, websites full of childlike innocence and childlike interest show us the rich imagination and joy of children. Mainly reflected in:
? Memories write down the shimmer of children's beads.
? This is a beautiful childhood anecdote description, and the core is obvious. It is an unforgettable childlike article. Write an "interesting" full text based on children's income from seeing the world, according to the total minutes spacing of organizational structure. First of all, always writing is often beyond the happiness of the world. "Look at the little things carefully, and we will pay close attention to their texture." Here is Zhang. Gao Qiao and Three Interesting: The first plot is an interesting concept of mosquitoes, such as cranes. According to floaters, cranes dance in the air and mosquito nets play. "I feel very happy. Interestingly, the fun of wandering in the mountains depends on the wild animals, trees, insects and mosquitoes on the grass. I feel very comfortable wandering in it; The third interesting thing is the concept of two insects fighting. As a "monster", two insects in hamachi "get angry and whip them away". At this point, some scattered stories are connected into a whole, scattered but inseparable.
Second, the observed tiny highlights are innocent.
? Trivial things, unforgettable "big", are childhood fun in the eyes of children. Based on the unique typical material of childlike innocence, this paper arranges clues, vivid and meticulous childhood observation and material selection. In this way, the whole article is naive, every story is fascinating, every detail is vivid, and the line between the highlights is innocent. To give a few typical examples: the word "red" in "Red Smoke Flying" depends on the situation. Mosquitoes are filled with smoke flying everywhere. The concept of "middle" is concentrated, and the convex prospect of "concentration" is highly concentrated. In order to avoid the fear of being insufficient, the young "I" or "a thousand cranes" stand proudly. Toad seems to feel counterintuitive after reading it. The deep-seated term of fine chemical industry is like a wonderful description of children's psychological characteristics, squatting on their own bodies, "head illusion, vivid and true."
? Imagination, lovely innocence.
? Zhu De said, "Children can appreciate it. He often thinks about the state of the moon and stars. When he thinks about the ground, he wants to think about insects. He wants to fly in the sky. He wants to dive into dangerous things ... "Children's imagination is exaggerated, and they like to exaggerate certain characteristics or situations of things, which leads to rich and strange imagination. It vigorously promotes children's extreme exaggeration through bold imagination. I used the exaggeration and metaphor of "mosquitoes in summer" to find the same muffled thunder, the hum of cranes and feather mosquitoes among mosquitoes, and determined the shapes of two shapes. And the "heart" really directly groups the crane flying landscape, which gives me the concept of "creativity" of Qingyun White Crane. I squatted on the grass and saw the interest of two kinds of insects, which was the "attack" of a powerful foreign toad, saying that the downward tree was a virtual monster that emerged from the seedlings. Comparing pests to beasts and boulders to mountains and canyons is the same product of my creative association and imagination, in which association and imagination are not based on innocence (children's life experience and knowledge base), so vivid images and interesting articles are full of novelty and childlike interest.
[Edit this paragraph] background
The purpose of this article is to "transcend the object of interest" in the writer's childhood. Interesting material, although not the thing itself, is the concept of subjective experience and object. What is the result? Criminals can also be said to be the object of charm. Mosquitoes and insects in the grass are very small things in summer, which can arouse children's curiosity and imagination and have charm, so they are produced.
? Childhood begins with an excellent vision, and then points to the main idea of the article. For the arrogance of Japan, you can also bear the stimulation of light. "If you are sharp-eyed, what about the little thing with excellent eyesight and clear picture?" West side. This good eye, coupled with the habit of "looking at small things and observing their texture", may be to find benefits outside the object. This is a general excerpt, only 32 words, and the wording is concise and visible. Here's an explanation.
? Mosquitoes enter the mine in summer, which is unbearable. The young author is whimsical, imagining it as a moving picture of "cranes dancing together" in the air, intoxicated by it. Then, he thought of the adventure of the "cloud" picture he saw, so he left the account of the prime minister, Mosquito, and let smoke, red smoke and flying sound. He really saw this photo. It is a virtue for our imagination to "enlarge" pictures. It is a spontaneous aesthetic consciousness, a naive mentality and a child's performance, which is one of the reasons.
Second, the ranks of young cities are eager to see the natural scenery, not his imagination to realize his wishes. He imagines the protrusions in the garden walls and bushes when flowers bloom, insects and mosquitoes imagine a wild animal, small clods on hills and sunken clods imagine gullies, which gives him a free and broad world, and you can enjoy the "nature" of beautiful scenery at the same time. One day, two insects in the grass made a fortune-two wild animals became the fighting in the Woods imagined by the young author. I was ecstatic to see him. Unexpectedly, a "monster" came out of the mountain and fell from the tree. Stick out your tongue and swallow two animals together. The illusion disappeared, and the young author was frightened. He didn't realize that the "monster" had a frog until he woke up. He was very angry, but he didn't want to hurt it. He just planted fat to punish him-what made it possible to write an article without an account as a whip? For his punishment of frog skin disease, it may be included in revenge. "Does an average of two bugs drive home?" In a word, it mainly destroys one's own aesthetic taste.
? The rhythm of reading sentences.
? (1)/ Small, something//Observe its texture, it is/interesting/object.
? (2) The private//group meant that cranes danced in the air.
(3) Heart/or thousand or hundred, and she/crane also. ?
(4) Pride/concept/strength.
? (5)/ Qingyun white crane/concept.
(6) If you/risk the clouds, people/cheer happily.
? (7) Squat on him, like this/stand together.
? (8)/ 2 Insects and weeds.
? (9) cover/toad.
? Strong, a general term, through "hard". My neck is so tense.
[Edit this paragraph] Lin Yutang
? Six Chapters of a Floating Life is an autobiographical novel in Jiaqing 10 (1808), which was immersed in Changzhou in Qing Dynasty. The two brothers went to the cold stall in Suzhou in the Qing Dynasty. Wang referred to Six Chapters of a Floating Life for short, and only four volumes were published. There was Wang Tao, the theory of smell hosted by Shanghai at that time. The input board began at 1877. Li Bai's poem "Floating Life with Sword and Snow" dictionary "Spring Banquet Begins in Brother Peach and Plum Garden" and "Fu Tian Di, everything is harmonious; Time, through EMI, is also the happy geometry of the throne? "
? version
? The board of directors heard the earliest typography of Six Chapters of a Floating Life, Yang Yintong's preface and Wang Tao's postscript. Yang introduced the preface of Six People Missing 2. Wang Tao once said that he had read this book in a very short time (A.D. 1847 years ago), but unfortunately the transcripts in exile in Hong Kong were often omitted. Wang Tao said that the smell of this statue has been seen in the postscript of the court 1877 version.
? 1936 Lin Yutang's Six Chapters of a Floating Life was translated into English, serialized and staged in the monthly magazine World. Later, an English booklet was published in China, with only a preface. Lin Yutang wrote in the preface: "Yun, in my opinion, is the most lovely woman in China literature." Guess that "the possession or use of bookstores in Suzhou must be complete."
? Soon after, there appeared a complete record in a cold stall in Suzhou, with five volumes and six volumes. In fact, descendants are fake.
? In Six Chapters of a Floating Life, 4 Chronology of Six Chapters of a Floating Life.
? Catalogue of six chapters of floating life
? The first volume "boudoir music"
? The second volume "Leisure Collection"
? The third volume "Careless troubles"
? The fourth volume "travel fast"
? The fifth volume "Zhongshan Calendar"
? The sixth volume "health"
? Shen Fu's "Lin Yutang" People's Education Edition Chinese textbook has been included in these two days.