Articles about Su Shi - Health Preservation Learning Network

Articles about Su Shi

Comment on Gong Guowei's Literary Xiaoyan and Su Shi's Fu-Six Clouds: "There are no poets under three generations, without Zhuangzi,, and Zi Zhan (Su Shi's word Zi Zhan). These four sons, without literary genius, have a self-sufficient personality through the ages. Therefore, people who have no noble and great personality and noble and great articles are almost nothing. " "Postscript of Gong Shanshui" said that his paintings: "Without the painter's degree, the beauty of poets can be achieved." Lin Yutang said in Su Dongpo's Biography: "A person's life is like a play, and the quality of this play can only be judged after it is over." Wang commented on Su Shi in "Rebuilding the Records of xian county": "Teach poetry, calligraphy, ceremony and music, change customs and customs, and change people's hearts. In Rebuilding the Records of Danxian County, Wang commented on Su Shi, saying, "To teach poetry, calligraphy, ceremony and music, to melt its vulgarity, to melt its heart, and to listen to the sound of its books, string songs are everywhere, which is not only' Qian Shan moves the scale, and the valley is full of bells', but also opens up a poetic realm in the South. "Dong Qichang made a famous postscript:" Mr. Dongpo assigned a poem about Chu Sao; "This book is one of the changes of Lanting. Song people wrote on this basis. " This is the most profound and noble evaluation of Su Shi's Red Cliff Fu and his calligraphy. Li Ao, a writer, commented that Su Shi is a master, "but his ideological realm is just a super-scholar, and the highest realm ends in Fu on the Red Wall, without the delicacy and depth of a thinker. In addition, Buddhism, Taoism and folk superstitions are mixed, and the behavior is to ask for rain and alchemy, and the realm appears at the low level. His political views are particularly old-fashioned, much worse than Wang Anshi's. It' s really called' only knowing more and knowing it, but looking at the road and not seeing it'. " Qian Mu, a master of Chinese studies, said: "Su Dongpo's poems are great because he has never been politically proud in his life. He was down and out all his life, and all the twists and turns were seen in the poem. However, Su Dongpo's Confucian realm is not high, but his personality is great in the harsh environment elsewhere, like his parts in Huangzhou and later in Huizhou and Qiongzhou. At that time, all the poems were good, but once they were at ease, some of them were not, and the poetic environment was sometimes conventional. The strength of Dongpo's poetry lies in its lofty sentiments and interest. Its quietness is not as good as that of Wang Mo, and its loyalty is not as good as that of Du Gongbu. " Zhu Yizhen: The wind, sea and rain are frightening, and the white stone is empty. Anyone who saw Dongpo's true face whispered Su Xin. Cai Songyun: Dongpo's ci has ten thousand volumes on his chest, and his pen has no dust. Its greatness lies not in its ability to speak out boldly, but in its mind covering all weather. What's the difference if you just attack its appearance? Dongpo's poems are beautiful, elegant and profound, opening up a new world. If you are not broad-minded, how can you have such a spit? Lu You: It is said that Dongpo can't sing, so Dongfu wrote many poems. Chao and Tao said: Shao was different from Dongpo at the beginning of his life. Dongpo was drunk and sang Guyangguan himself. Then you can't sing, but you are bold and don't like cutting your ears. Notes on the Old Learning Temple Chao Wuxia: Su Dongpo's ci, people say there are many discordant rhythms. However, the vulgar words are outstanding, and naturally they can't draw in the song. Huang Tingjian: People say that Dongpo wrote this article because it is difficult to see coincidence, so it is extremely hard. I don't think so. He was older than the article, so he wrote. Postscript Dongpo Xu Du: (Liu Yong) Although the words are very clever, they are often mixed with vulgar language, so vulgar people especially like them. After that, the princes of Europe and the Soviet Union came out, and the style was changed to lyrics, which was elegant in system. Lz didn't ask for poetry, did it?

He is the pride of the Chinese nation. For his appearance, China may have waited a thousand years, and waited another thousand years.

His appearance is accidental and inevitable; His talent is mortal and extraordinary; His thoughts are instantaneous and far-reaching; His character is free and easy, and he has an ordinary side.

Su Shi-a genius in the cultural history of China, a rare generalist, a multi-level and all-round culture-not just literature-giant. Magical writing, profound knowledge, wise thinking, noble personality, rich life experience, great achievements in many aspects, and its never-ending humor can really be described as: only heroes are true and true celebrities. In the cultural history of China, his name is a monument!

He is good at prose creation, and his representative works, Qianchibi Fu and Houchibi Fu, are well-known, which embodies the sense of hardship and humanistic spirit of China literati. His poems skillfully combine the spirit of realism with the romantic style, which are colorful and represent the highest level of poetry in the Song Dynasty. His poems are fresh and vigorous, with a wide range of subjects, free and magnificent, which created a bold and unconstrained style. His calligraphy and painting have also reached a high level. In addition, he has unique attainments in philosophy, tea ceremony, cooking, health preservation, garden art and so on.

Wang Guowei, a master of modern Chinese studies, spoke highly of Su Shi: "Poets under three generations have never been unyielding, far-sighted, beautiful and eager for their sons. These four sons, without literary genius, have a self-sufficient personality through the ages. So there is no noble and great personality, and there are almost no noble and great articles. " He listed Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, Du Fu and Su Shi as the greatest poets in the history of China literature, and it is reasonable to regard their thoughts, personalities, knowledge, talents, and ways of dealing with people as a whole. What is more commendable is that, as a literati in feudal times, Su Shi had no headscarf, no seclusion in the mountains, no pride of wealth, no loyalty and filial piety, and no shelf of a great writer. There is neither a state of minister Dumen nor a state of trembling. He is with you and me, sharing weal and woe, not rigid at all. Xiongnu is a kind of honest and pure true temperament and character.

Su Shi's life can be summarized by "four threes": not forgetting three things-being the top scholar, Wutai poetry case and the queen mother's favor; Don't forget three people-Ouyang Xiu, who respects teachers and values Taoism, Wang Anshi and Sima Guang, who are always respectful and contradictory; Don't forget three places-Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou; Don't forget three feelings-brotherhood with Su Zhe, life and death with Wang Fu, and disappointment with Chaoyun. Every episode in his life is almost related to legend. For example, when he was in to beno. 1, he changed from the first to the second, but he became more famous. In the Wutai poetry case, he survived and was demoted to Huangzhou, but there was a golden age of creation. His words to his younger brother and mourning for his wife are widely circulated and enduring. ...

As a man, Su Shi remained loyal and independent in the adversity that almost killed him, and never went with the flow. In terms of being an official, Su Shi insisted on being an official for the benefit of one party. Xuzhou flood control, Hangzhou dike building, Danzhou museum building, water conservancy construction, bridge sinking, disaster relief and drug application are all due to stones; In terms of life attitude, Su Shi maintained an optimistic and open-minded attitude and positive pursuit even in desperation ... Su Shi's "Former Red Cliff Fu"

Zhou xianshen

(Selected from Zhou Xianshen's The Artistic World of Ancient Poetry). Zhou Xianshen, a famous scholar, Professor Peking University, doctoral supervisor, and an expert in the study of ancient literature in China. His main research interests are Su Shi, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio and A Dream of Red Mansions. His two books, The Artistic World of Ancient Poems and Appreciation of Classical Novels, are both models of appreciation of classical literary works, and both books have been included in the "Boya Reading Guide Series" of Peking University Press.

Song Ci is full of rational interest, among which Su Ci is an outstanding representative. In fact, Su Shi's creation is not only poetic, but also his prose. The famous Fu on a Thousand Cliffs is an excellent prose that combines poetry and philosophy.

This article was written in the fifth year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1082). In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Li Ding, Shu Chu and others impeached Su Shi to write poems against the new law, and Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned. This is the famous "Wutai Poetry Case" in history (Wutai is the Imperial Platform, the supervisory organ in feudal times). After he was released from prison, he was pardoned, demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang City, Hubei Province) as an assistant of Yong Lian, and was supervised. He was not allowed to sign books or do business. Suffering such a severe political blow, Su Shi's heart was naturally very depressed; But he is not passive, but loves mountains and rivers, conforms to fate, accepts the influence of Buddhism and Taoism, and seeks liberation in nature. He said in the poem "First Arriving in Huangzhou": "Laughing is ridiculous all your life, and it is ridiculous when you are old. The Yangtze River knows the beauty of fish everywhere, and bamboo is fragrant with bamboo shoots. " Although there is no lack of resentment and self-mockery, it also shows that he does not seek sustenance and is broad-minded and detached. It was under the control of this very depressed and hard thought and emotion that Su Shi visited Chibi in Huangzhou twice in July and October of Yuanfeng five years, and wrote the famous Fu on the Red Wall and Nian Nujiao? 6? 1 Chibi nostalgia. This poem "Fu on the Former Red Cliff" vividly depicts the beautiful scenery he saw when he visited Chibi at night, and truly and artistically reflects his mood and unique thinking on life during his relegation to Huangzhou.

This is the representative work of prose fu in Song Dynasty. Fu is a style formed in ancient China, which has the characteristics of both poetry and prose. Han dynasty pays attention to the great fu of choosing words and making sentences. In Wei and Jin Dynasties, it developed into a short prose fu that paid attention to the antithesis of parallel beauty, and then to a law fu with strict music restrictions in Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, after the creation of Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi, prose fu was produced, which was more convenient to express feelings and describe objects, that is, it not only retained the characteristics and charm of traditional fu in form, but also retained rhyme and neat sentences or themes.

Qian Chi Bi Fu is a poem, a prose poem with beautiful artistic conception, and a philosophical poem to explore the philosophy of life.

The full text is divided into five paragraphs. The first paragraph is about perilla swimming in Chibi with her guests and boating on the river on an autumn night. The river and moonlight are so beautiful that they are intoxicated and feel like immortals. First point out the time: "I hope to swim in July (the 16th day of the first lunar month)" and the place: "Swimming under the Red Cliff". Then write the scene: "The breeze is Xu Lai, and the water waves are not exciting." Eight words, simple and clear, write a quiet and comfortable artistic conception. Write the moon on the bottom: "The moon rises from Dongshan and wanders between bullfights." The word "wandering" conveys the moving form of the slowly rising moon. Write ginger: "The white dew crosses the river, and the water meets the sky." Eight more words. Inadvertently, it is easy to write a vast and distant scene: a vast white fog is across the Yangtze River, and the moonlight and the river are integrated into one, endless and out of reach. The beautiful state written by sixteen words before and after is enough to make people intoxicated. In the meantime, there are descriptions of the protagonists drinking and reciting poems, which show their free and unrestrained personality and feelings. In fact, the beautiful scenery is based on the poet's feelings, and this kind of scenery itself contains the poet's happy mood and leisure interest. So at the end of this paragraph, we can completely understand that they are driving a gondola and floating freely in the endless river, which actually produces a feeling of being lifted off and floating, like being independent and having feathers. It is worth noting that this scene is mainly composed of breeze, bright moon and river water, which not only accurately summarizes the characteristics of the specific environment of this night trip in Chibi, but also effectively highlights the author's subjective feelings; More importantly, it plays an important role in the artistic conception and structure of the article. On the one hand, these three become the main objects of the whole artistic conception; On the other hand, the following questions and comments on the subject and object of life have become the basis of analogy, which makes things and me merge and better expresses the author's thoughts and feelings. In performance, the author is handy and seemingly casual. In fact, it is carefully refined and carefully conceived.

The first paragraph is mainly about scenery, and at the same time it contains feelings in the scenery; In the second paragraph, the emphasis changed from scenery description to lyricism. The hero's feelings turn from joy to sadness, which is expressed by the host-guest duet. The poet was intoxicated by the beautiful scenery of nature and couldn't help drinking and singing for joy. The first half of the lyrics is to write about the beautiful scene he feels in front of him; Driving a boat, walking through the clear river in Ming Che, upstream, the bright moonlight rippling on the water; The second half is about his distant feelings; The people he yearns for are far away and can't meet. The "beauty" here does not refer to a beautiful woman, but to the person you admire or the ideal you pursue. This lyric poem reveals a ray of melancholy thoughts hidden in the heart in joy. The whistle of the guest "leaning on songs and discussing" blows out a very sad mood. From joy to worry, the overall atmosphere of the article has changed a lot. Here, the author's description of Xiao's voice is excellent, and he used five words "such as" to describe the rendering. This voice seems to contain deep resentment, and it seems to be entrusted with persistent yearning pursuit, like sobbing in a low voice, and like whispering; The flute stopped, but the sound was like a gentle thread. Through this metaphor, the original abstract and indescribable voice is vividly expressed, making readers seem to hear its voice. However, the author is still wanting more, and further exaggerates the description, saying that this sad flute will actually make the dragon in the deep water of the valley dance with excitement, and the widow who is alone can't help crying. In this way, readers not only seem to hear the flute with their own ears, but also can't help being infected by the sadness it conveys. The change of feelings and atmosphere from joy to sadness is mainly to cause the discussion about life in the following questions and answers between subject and object. So this section plays a transitional role in the structure.

Starting from the third paragraph, I entered the main part of the article and wrote my own thoughts and sighs about life in the form of questions and answers from subject and object. Guests think of Cao Cao's poems from the scene in front of them, that is, the bright moon, rivers and mountains, and then think of the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history. It is said that in Chibi, Huangzhou, the west is Xiakou (now Wuchang) and the east is Wuchang (now Ezhou on the other side of Huanggang). Surrounded by mountains and trees. Isn't this where Zhou Yu defeated Cao in the Three Kingdoms period? Historians have different opinions about where the Red Cliff in Battle of Red Cliffs is. Some people think it is on the south bank of the Yangtze River in Puyin County, Hubei Province today, while others think it is Huangzhou Chibi written by Su Shi. However, the author intends to express his feelings, not to inspect historical sites, so we naturally don't have to stick to this. Actually, the author wrote it in Niannujiao? 6? 1 Red Cliff Nostalgia once wrote: "On the west side of the old base area, humanity is the red cliff of Zhou Lang in the Three Kingdoms." "Humanity is" means that according to legend, the tone is not necessarily. The guests cast their eyes on the past and the present, and historical figures can't help sighing deeply when they think of themselves. He said that heroes such as Cao Cao and Zhou Yu, who had staged such a magnificent drama as Battle of Red Cliffs in history, were once all-powerful, but with the development of history, they have long since vanished, leaving no trace of history, not to mention ordinary people like us who are frustrated, demoted, wandering around the rivers and lakes and ignored? How short life is and how small it is. Compared with the ever-flowing river and the eternal moon, life is really sad! This paragraph is the guest's explanation of the sadness conveyed by the flute described in the previous paragraph, but its purpose is to trigger the following discussion on the philosophy of life. Literary thinking is like blood, smooth, clear and very compact.

The fourth paragraph is perilla's answer to the guests, which positively expresses the author's philosophy of life. On the one hand, tightly buckle the words of the guests "looking up at the infinite Yangtze River" and "dying with the bright moon"; On the other hand, it takes care of the scenery at the beginning of the article, so the river and the bright moon in front of us are natural and vivid. He said that the river flowing in front of us is endless, but it will always be a river of water, and it has not actually disappeared; On that day, the moon in the sky was sometimes round and sometimes absent, but it went back and forth, neither increasing nor decreasing. Therefore, the author believes that if we observe and understand things from the changing side, even if most people think that the world will never change, it will change in a short moment; And if we look at it from the same side, then everything in the world and ourselves are endless and will not disappear. Since everything in the universe and life are changeable and unchangeable, and there is no fundamental difference, there is no need to envy the infinity of the Yangtze River and lament the shortness of life. Then how should we spend and enjoy this life? He further suggested that we should go to nature and fully enjoy the beauty of the cool breeze and bright moon, because this is a creation and gift from heaven, not someone's private property, and everyone can enjoy it freely through hearing and hearing. It is reasonable here, and at the same time, it is written that they swim in Chibi at night and revel in the beautiful scenery of the cool breeze and bright moon, which is a great enjoyment and spiritual sustenance of life.

In the fifth paragraph, the writer turned grief into joy, the host and guest drank heartily, forgot all their troubles and sorrows, then fell asleep and ended the whole article in a cheerful atmosphere.

The question and answer between subject and object is only a form of expression of Fu, which actually reflects Su Shi's own thoughts. Here, we can see the deep depression of an idealistic and ambitious intellectual in feudal times after being hit politically, as well as his ideological contradiction and its development and change process of trying to get rid of this mental depression. Through the description of natural beauty and the creation of poetic artistic conception, the author truly and vividly reveals his complex spiritual world and expresses his deep thinking about life. On the surface, he is aloof, broad-minded and optimistic, but after careful understanding, we can find that the author's heart is still full of contradictions and depression. His idea of enjoying his life and pinning it on nature is just a kind of helpless self-comfort, which is itself a manifestation of inner depression, which is not exactly the same as our optimism with confidence and hope for life and the future today. His view of change and invariance is not absolute, which is not without merit, but it is also different from what we call dialectics, but the expression of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's subjective idealism relativism philosophy, which obliterates the difference between things and me. Nevertheless, after suffering a cruel political blow, he was in adversity without being negative and decadent, and showed an open-minded, cheerful and detached spirit, which was also commendable under the historical conditions at that time. Enthusiastic praise for mountains and rivers, admiration for heroes in history and pursuit of ideals all reveal the author's love for life, which is worthy of recognition. We are infected by reading.

In art, this essay is closely combined with scenery, lyricism and discussion, creating a unique artistic realm full of poetry and life philosophy. The objective physical environment of mountains and rivers and bright moon is integrated with the author's subjective mentality, full of contradictions and trying to solve them, which is completely suitable for the specific scene of night tour of Chibi. Traditionally, travel notes mainly describe the natural beauty of mountains and rivers, and mainly describe scenery and express feelings. Song people, especially Wang Anshi and Su Shi, integrate discussion into scenery writing to express their understanding of social life. This essay not only describes the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers, but also profoundly reveals the poet's complex and contradictory inner world, and also expresses his thoughts on the life of the universe. It is the most interesting travel prose in the Song Dynasty.

Comment on Su Shi's Fu Gong Chang Ke

Six Clouds in Wang Guowei s Literary Xiaoyan;

"Three generations of poets, no Zhuangzi, Yuanming (Tao Qian), Zi Mei (Du Fu) and Zi Zhan (Su Shi's word Zi Zhan). These four sons, without literary genius, have a self-sufficient personality through the ages. Therefore, people who have no noble and great personality and noble and great articles are almost nothing. "

Postscript Gong Landscape and Its Painting;

"From the painter's degree, get the beauty of the poet."

Lin Yutang's biography of Su Dongpo said:

"A person's life is like a play, and the quality of the play can only be judged after it is over."

Wang commented on Su Shi in Rebuilding the Records of Danxian County, saying: "Teaching poetry, calligraphy, ceremony and music, melting its vulgarity, melting its heart, listening to the sound of its books, string songs are everywhere, which is not only' Qian Shan shifting scales, the valley is full of bells', but also opens up the poetic realm of the South."

Dong Qichang made a famous postscript: "Mr. Dongpo's fu changed one of Chu Sao;" This book, one of the' Lanting' changes. Song people's writing is based on this. "This is the most profound and noble evaluation of Su Shi's Red Cliff Fu and his calligraphy.

Li Ao, a writer, commented that Su Shi is a master, "but his ideological realm is just a super-scholar, and the highest realm ends in Fu on the Red Wall, without the delicacy and depth of a thinker. In addition, Buddhism, Taoism and folk superstitions are mixed, and the behavior is to ask for rain and alchemy, and the realm appears at the low level. His political views are particularly old-fashioned, much worse than Wang Anshi's. It' s really called' only knowing more and knowing it, but looking at the road and not seeing it'. "

Qian Mu, a master of Chinese studies, said: "Su Dongpo's poems are great because he has never been politically proud in his life. He was down and out all his life, and all the twists and turns were seen in the poem. However, Su Dongpo's Confucian realm is not high, but his personality is great in the harsh environment elsewhere, like his parts in Huangzhou and later in Huizhou and Qiongzhou. At that time, all the poems were good, but once they were at ease, some of them were not, and the poetic environment was sometimes conventional. The strength of Dongpo's poetry lies in its lofty sentiments and interest. Its quietness is not as good as that of Wang Mo, and its loyalty is not as good as that of Du Gongbu. "

Zhu Yizhen:

Wind, sea and rain are frightening, and the white stone is empty.

Anyone who saw Dongpo's true face whispered Su Xin.

Cai:

Dongpo's ci has ten thousand volumes in his chest and no dust in his pen. Its greatness lies not in its ability to speak out boldly, but in its mind covering all weather. What's the difference if you just attack its appearance? Dongpo's poems are beautiful, elegant and profound, opening up a new world. If you are not broad-minded, how can you have such a spit?

On Curtin's Ci

Lu you:

It is said that Dongpo can't sing, so Dongfu wrote many poems. Chao and Tao said: Shao was different from Dongpo at the beginning of his life. Dongpo was drunk and sang Guyangguan himself. Then you can't sing, but you are bold and don't like cutting your ears.

Notes on the old school nunnery

Classical beyond reproach:

Su Dongpo's poems are said to have many discordant rhythms. However, the vulgar words are outstanding, and naturally they can't draw in the song.

Huang tingjian:

People say that Dongpo wrote this article with great care because it is difficult to see coincidence. I don't think so. He was older than the article, so he wrote.

Postscript Dongpo's Drunk Exercise

Xu Du:

(Liu Yong) Although the words are very clever, they are often mixed with vulgar words, so the common people especially like to know each other. After that, the princes of Europe and the Soviet Union came out, and the style was changed to lyrics, which was elegant in system.

Puan of Quesao and Qianchibi Fu

Houchibifu

The story of Shi Zhongshan.

"I first met Hu Aishan in Yingkou on the day I went to Shouzhou."

Spring night.

begonia

Homesickness of He Ziyou Mianchi

He ziyou walks in love

Huaying

Night Scene by the River (Hui Chong) (This poem was written for the author Su Shi to watch the night scene by Hui Chong).

Two monks, Qin Hui and Huisi, visited Lari Gushan.

On June 27th, I read the drunken book in Lake House.

March 29

Shangyuan Shi Yan

Shi Cang Shu zui mo Tang

Li Shinan painted autumn scenery.

Tijinshan temple

Cylinder wall

Night view of Wanghailou

The book wall of Beitai after the snow

Drink the rain on Chuqing Lake.

Youmeitang rainstorm

"Living in Dinghui Garden, the east is full of flowers and there is a begonia. A local person doesn't know how expensive it is."

Go to Liu Jingwen

On the 20th day of the first month, when they arrived at Qiting, Pan, Gu and Guo from the county were sent to the Zen Garden in the east of the empress.

On the twentieth day of the first month, Pan Guoer and I went to the suburbs to look for spring, but suddenly I remembered that I went to Queenstown to write poems last year.

Klang Ganzhou (send some children).

Divination symbol (no moon hanging and sparse tung)

Butterfly flowers (flowers fade, red and small)

"butterfly lovers (remember the first meeting on the screen)"

Dead Hua Lian (Shangyuan, Michigan).

Set the storm (often envy the world to cut jade lang).

Set a storm (don't listen to the beating of leaves through the forest).

Fairy Song (Ice Muscle jade bone)

Song of the immortals (Jiangnan)

He Xinlang (Wu).

Huanxisha (covered with green wheat)

Huanxisha (painting a falcon crossing the river, willing to swim again).