1, the significance of habit cultivation for children's growth

What is a habit? It refers to a relatively stable behavioral tendency that is gradually developed over a long period of time and is not easy to change at one time.

Good habits are a kind of advanced conscious behavior and an important embodiment of a person's psychological quality. It is of great significance to protect children's physical and mental health and good will quality, is an important basis for forming good personality quality, and is also one of the key points of kindergarten education.

Children's good living habits refer to the good living habits that show relatively stable psychological quality and behavior in children's life, including: good (1) hygiene habits, (2) eating habits, (3) sleeping habits, and (4) behavior habits related to personal life.

At present, because most children are only children, they are overly pampered and unprincipled, and their exposed life and behavior habits are particularly serious. There are many unhealthy phenomena in children's diet, sleep and self-care ability.

Mr. Chen Heqin put forward in the article "Our Proposition", "We advocate that kindergartens should make children form good habits." The "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education (Trial)" points out: "Cultivate children's good living habits such as eating, sleeping, washing, urinating and taking care of themselves." "Educate children to love cleanliness and pay attention to the cleanliness of individuals and living places." "Shanghai Preschool Education Curriculum Guide" also points out: "We should lay the necessary foundation for children's lifelong development from the aspects of living habits, awareness of rules, learning ability, emotion and self-awareness, and aesthetic taste ...". It can be seen that childhood is the key period to develop good living habits.

2. A Day's Life contains many educational values.

Since the implementation of the second curriculum reform, teachers have initially established the concept that all-day activities in kindergartens are courses. In children's daily life in kindergarten, life links (coming and going out of kindergarten, washing, drinking, eating and taking a nap) account for more than 50-60% of children's daily life in kindergarten. These life links are trivial, and teachers often ignore their potential educational value. In my opinion, attention to details-the daily life of kindergarten, effective guidance and helping children develop good living habits can not be ignored.

For example, in a day's life, washing activities run through and are used most frequently, as many as 7-8 times a day. Wash your hands when entering the park, going to the toilet, drinking water and eating. Whether the teacher pays attention to cultivating children to wash their hands carefully and develop good personal hygiene habits, sometimes children will waste water by washing their hands, and whether the teacher can pay attention to cultivating children to have the habit of saving water, etc. It contains the best opportunity to cultivate children's good behavior habits.

Another example: after lunch, the child casually gargles and just finishes the task mechanically. Some children always forget to gargle and need the teacher to remind them. "It is important to learn to protect yourself and experience a healthy and safe life", and developing good personal hygiene habits is an essential life experience for children, which will benefit them for life.

Second, effective measures to cultivate infiltration habits in daily life.

In daily life, these activities are trivial and boring, and children's self-care ability and self-discipline ability are poor. When organizing these life links, teachers should learn to observe, grasp the key points, have goals in mind, and adopt effective methods to organically penetrate into the cultivation of children's habits. In practice, the following effective measures are summarized.

1, sorting out observation points of life links

It is helpful to promote children to develop good habits by combing the observation points of teachers in all aspects of the day's activities. (See table below)

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Teachers' key observations

Cultivation of infiltration habits

Laiyuan

1, whether children can greet familiar people (medical care, class teacher, peers, etc. ).

2. Pay attention to the safety of children's belongings and put them in designated places (schoolbags, clothes, shoes, toys, etc.). ).

3. Observe the children's health and emotional state, check the morning check card in time, count the number of children coming to the park, do a good job of roll call registration, and gradually come to the park on time.

4, whether children participate in observation, care for animals and plants and duty activities.

Develop civilized and polite behavior habits

Form a good habit of returning things to their original owners.

Form the habit of living a happy life.

Develop good habits of work and rest

Develop a good habit of doing what you can.

Wash your hands and face

1. Can children wash their hands correctly, use towels and dry their hands? Develop good hygiene habits of washing hands before and after meals, after exercise and when hands are dirty.

2. Whether the child turns off the faucet in time, does not play with water, and has a sense of saving water.

3. When there are many people, can children wait in line without being crowded?

4. Will children use toilet paper, take the initiative to pump water after defecation, and wash their hands?

5. Will you take the initiative to tidy your clothes and pants after going to the toilet?

6. Would you like to hear the reminder from the students on duty?

7. Pay attention to whether the child's urine and urine are normal and find abnormalities in time.

Health teachers communicate with parents.

Develop good personal hygiene habits

Have the habit of saving water.

Form the habit of civilized behavior

drink water

1. Observe children's water consumption, ensure that children drink enough water every day, and gradually develop the habit of drinking water in an orderly and active manner.

Whether the children turn off the tap in time to save water.

3. Pay attention to take care of weak and special children and replenish water in time.

Get into the habit of drinking water actively.

Form the habit of saving water.

dessert

Whether children eat happily and independently within a certain period of time.

Whether the child has developed the habit of orderly and civilized eating. Put the chair first, then wash your hands and sit down, eat quietly, etc. )

Whether children gargle and use towels correctly after eating.

4. Whether the students on duty are willing to serve their peers (supervision, inspection, etc. ).

Develop the habit of civilized dining

Develop good eating habits

Form the habit of helping others.

neglect

1. Are the pants that children wear and take off neatly and neatly stacked in a fixed place?

2. Does the child have good sleep habits?

3. Is the child willing to make his own bed?

4. Pay attention to whether there is any abnormality when the child takes a nap.

Form the habit of self-service.

Develop the habit of doing what you can.

From the park

1. Can children tidy up their clothes and keep the instruments clean?

2. Can the child go back to the original place and don't forget to bring things.

3. Can children say goodbye politely and not leave with strangers?

Form the habit of politeness.

Develop good personal hygiene habits

Get into the habit of putting things back.

Teachers' observation points and the cultivation of infiltration habits in daily life

Taking the nap session as an example, the teacher focuses on observing whether the children can put on their pants in an orderly manner and stack them neatly in a fixed place;

Do you have good sleep habits? Would you like to make your own bed? In this way, children can learn to do what they can and develop a good habit of self-service.

Another example is whether the teacher pays attention to the children's emotions and greets familiar people (health care, class teacher, peers, etc.). ) during the visit to the park; Whether the things children carry are safe and whether they can put their own things in designated places can infiltrate and cultivate children's good habits such as happy life, polite behavior and returning things to their original owners.

2. Create a talking life education environment.

The creation of a good living environment itself is the most direct education, and children accumulate various life experiences and produce corresponding emotional experiences in the interaction with the environment. In all aspects of daily life, some links are repeated many times every day. By creating an environment, teachers' repeated prompts are avoided. Intuitive and easy to learn, it helps to stimulate children's emotions, remind children's behaviors, and suggest children's behaviors, which helps children develop good living habits.

In the implementation, the following points should be noted:

(1) is created in different forms.

Teachers should create some suitable and matching living environments according to different ages. Teachers are generally the main design forms to support small classes, such as "warm tips" and "mood walls", which are convenient for teachers to observe and understand children's situation; Children in middle and large classes can discuss, design and make pictures and signs with teachers to create an environment. For example, the display of goods, the layout of demonstration pictures, the steps of washing hands, and the active flushing after defecation not only stimulate the enthusiasm of children, but also help to deepen their impressions.

(2) The materials are safe and reasonable

The daily necessities provided by teachers should be practical and safe, and easy to clean and disinfect. For example, the utensils for putting toilet paper in the bathroom should be convenient to disinfect and suitable for children to take.

(3) scientific and comfortable layout

The layout of all living environments in kindergartens should be scientific and reasonable. For example, when taking a nap, it is necessary to create a reasonable and comfortable environment according to different ages and venues. It is not only convenient for children to put on and take off, fold clothes and make beds, but also to provide self-help conditions for children to facilitate the management of teachers during a nap.

Another example: when eating, put the dining table reasonably to facilitate children's entry and exit. Tableware, pelvis and towels should be placed comfortably and conveniently. For older children, we should scientifically arrange opportunities for them to help themselves: add rice, soup and so on.

3. Pay attention to the learning experience in real situations.

Life activities are mainly about learning in real situations, which requires careful observation and patient guidance from teachers. According to the different situations of children, they use various methods to find effective education methods, help children master certain life skills, encourage children to actively try and promote children to develop good living habits. In daily activities, teachers can focus on the following points:

(1) Use learning activities to organize experience.

Children will encounter many difficulties in life. How to help children solve problems and reduce the difficulty of learning? Teachers should catch and discover children's problems in time, and use group activities or group personalized learning activities to help children sort out and improve their life experiences and learn some simple life skills.

(2) the use of game activities, organic infiltration

Teachers should make full use of the organic infiltration of game activities to help children learn and consolidate their existing life experience, so that children can practice in "real scenes" and further master life skills and methods.

4, flexible use of multiple languages, strengthen and consolidate.

Language is diverse, and teachers should skillfully exert the artistic charm of language according to different ages. They can use simple body language such as command language, sign language and eye contact to prompt or hint children's behavior.

At the same time, give full play to the unique role of nursery rhymes, such as using some short nursery rhymes, which are short, pithy and catchy, not only vividly outline the content and image of self-health care, but also help children remember the actions of self-health care life. For example, in the process of learning to wear a sweater, I know that "look carefully when wearing a sweater, first drill a big hole, then drill a middle hole, and finally drill a small hole with my little hand." The whole process of punching holes is the process of wearing sweaters. By singing children's songs, children are easy to understand, which helps them master certain life skills, help them strengthen and consolidate, and help children gradually develop living habits.

5. Improve the effectiveness of family education in communication and coordination.

The key to family education is family consistency, which can promote children to develop good living habits and achieve twice the result with half the effort. When guiding parents' work, teachers should pay attention to:

(1) Understand the requirements and gain understanding and support.

Because what happens in all aspects of daily life is mostly considered trivial by parents, teachers should understand parents' needs and feelings in parenting. Therefore, when communicating with parents, teachers should guide parents in an equal and scientific way, not in an imperative way, so that parents can slowly change their parenting attitudes and ways, let parents know and know how to attach importance to life education, and let parents fully realize that family environment, lifestyle, words and deeds will affect their children and stimulate their active cooperation. For example, holding lectures and holding hands with small hands can help parents raise their awareness and gain their support.

(2) Various and reasonable communication methods.

Use a variety of methods, such as network platform, growth file, home-school interaction manual, parent forum, etc. Let parents fully understand the performance of children in kindergartens, let them know the education and teaching situation in kindergartens, listen to parents' suggestions and provide opportunities for parents to share their experiences.

Third, thinking after practice.

1, pay attention to individual differences.

Teachers should pay great attention to observing children's behaviors in all aspects of daily life. We can give different guidance according to the individual differences of children's behavior, promote each child's development at different levels, and let children experience the benefits brought by good living habits.

2. Pay attention to random education.

The six aspects of a day's life in kindergarten can all be regarded as opportunities for children to learn and grow. Teachers should seize the existing educational opportunities in time. Teachers should avoid preaching in guidance, give children more opportunities to operate, experience and interact, and less ways to arrange and instill, so as to organically link all aspects of daily life with children's development goals and promote children's harmonious development.

3. Pay attention to setting an example.

The power of example is infinite, and teachers can set an example, especially for children who are good at imitating. Whether it is right or wrong, as long as it is intuitive, it will become the object of their imitation. To this end, we start from ourselves and ask our children to do what they want to do first. Setting an example for children everywhere in daily life will play a subtle role in the formation of children's habits.

In short, in life, teachers learn to pay attention to details, effectively guide, discover the educational value contained in all aspects of life, enrich children's life experience, develop good living habits and promote children's healthy and harmonious development.