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What does "Yan" mean in ancient Chinese?
What are demonstrative pronouns and modal particles? As a demonstrative pronoun, "Yan" often refers to a certain range or a certain aspect. In a threesome, there must be a teacher, which is interpreted as "in a threesome, there must be a teacher among three people", not referring to the scope of "three people".

Similar examples are:

Zuo Zhuan Yin Gongyuan: Zhi, Ye, Shu Bi died. -Uncle Guo died there.

Thirty-two years of Zuo Zhuan's Nuogong: How can we keep the bones? -I collect your bones there.

The Analects of Confucius: the way of a scholar is three, I can do anything. -There's nothing I can do about these three people.

Zhuangzi's idea of keeping in good health: After listening to my words, I got a good health. This is the way to keep healthy.

Because of its position at the end of the sentence, it gradually has the nature of modal particles.

Example:

Mencius: I serve my country faithfully, which can be explained as: I serve my country faithfully. When "Yan" and ""appear at the same time, pronouns are diluted.

Even become pure modal particles.

Example:

The Analects of Confucius: Confucius said: a gentleman is ill and incompetent, but a patient doesn't know.

However, the standard usage of Yan should still be demonstrative pronouns and modal particles.