(1) Nutritional components of apples

Apple is mild in taste, rich in carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements, including sugars, organic acids, pectin, protein, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C and dietary fiber, and also contains malic acid, tartaric acid and carotene, which is the most perfect of all fruits and vegetables.

Apple has the reputation of "wisdom fruit" and "memory fruit". People have long found that eating more apples can improve memory and intelligence. Apples are not only rich in essential nutrients such as sugar, vitamins and minerals, but also rich in zinc. According to research, zinc is a component of many important enzymes in human body and a key element to promote growth and development. Zinc is also an essential element for nucleic acid and protein, which is closely related to memory. Zinc is also closely related to the production of antibodies and the improvement of human immunity.

The water content of apples is 85%.

Apples contain polyphenols and flavonoids, natural chemical antioxidants and a lot of crude fiber.

It contains more potassium, which can be combined with excess sodium salt in human body and excreted. When the human body ingests too much sodium salt, eating some apples is beneficial to balance the electrolytes in the body.

It contains phosphorus, iron and other elements that are easily absorbed by the intestinal wall, and has the functions of strengthening the brain, nourishing blood, calming the heart and sleeping.

The aroma of apples is a good medicine for depression and depression. After many experiments, experts found that among many smells, the aroma of apples has the greatest impact on people's psychology and has obvious effect on eliminating psychological depression. Clinical application has proved that the mood of patients with depression is greatly improved, and their spirits are relaxed and happy. After smelling the fragrance of apples, their depression is eliminated.

Malic acid in apples has whitening effect. Many people worry that the acidity of apples will corrode their teeth. Adding cheese to apples can limit the acidity in apples. Eating apples can also effectively help clean teeth.

(2) The efficacy and function of apples

(1) The efficacy of apples

1. Apples contain more potassium, which can be combined with excess sodium salt in human body and excreted. When the human body ingests too much sodium salt, eating some apples is beneficial to balance the electrolytes in the body.

2. Phosphorus, iron and other elements contained in apples are easily absorbed by the intestinal wall, which has the functions of nourishing the brain, calming the nerves and helping sleep.

3. Clinical application has proved that patients with mental depression have greatly improved their mood, relaxed spirit and disappeared depression after smelling the aroma of apples.

Insomnia patients can smell the fragrance of apples before falling asleep, which can make people fall asleep quickly and quietly.

(2) The role of apples

1, lowering cholesterol: keeping blood sugar stable can also effectively lower cholesterol.

2, anti-cancer: reduce the risk of lung cancer, prevent lead poisoning, proanthocyanidins can prevent colon cancer.

3, vascular cleaning agent: improve the respiratory system and lung function, protect the lungs from pollution and smoke.

4. Promote gastrointestinal peristalsis: assist the human body to discharge waste and reduce the harm of harmful substances to the skin.

5. Maintain acid-base balance: apples are alkaline foods. Eating apples can quickly neutralize excessive acidic substances in the body (including acid produced by exercise (sports food) and acidic metabolites produced by acidic foods such as fish, meat and eggs in the body), and enhance physical strength and disease resistance.

6, weight loss: apples will increase satiety, eating before meals can reduce food intake and achieve the purpose of losing weight.

(3) Edible population

1, patients with ulcerative colitis: patients with ulcerative colitis should not eat apples raw, especially in acute attack, because the intestinal wall ulcer becomes thinner, the apple texture is hard, and the stimulation containing 1.2% crude fiber and 0.5% organic acid is not conducive to the healing of the ulcer surface of the intestinal wall, and it is easy to induce complications such as intestinal perforation, intestinal dilatation and intestinal obstruction due to the mechanical action of the intestinal wall.

2. Leukopenia patients and patients with prostatic hypertrophy: Leukopenia patients and patients with prostatic hypertrophy should not eat apples easily, so as not to aggravate symptoms or affect the treatment effect.

3. People with stomach cold symptoms should avoid eating apples raw.

4. Preventive measures

Don't eat apples with carrots, carrots are easy to produce substances that induce goiter.

Don't eat apples with milk. The protein reaction between fruit acid and milk will generate calcium precipitate, which will cause stones.

Don't eat apples with scallops, it will cause abdominal pain.

You will find cyanide in the apple core. Eating an apple core won't kill you, but it's definitely bad for your health. Of course, if you eat too many apple cores, there may be complications.

Apples are rich in pectin and have antidiarrheal effects. It is more nutritious and delicious with light fish.

Both apples and onions contain flavonoids as natural antioxidants, which can protect the heart when eaten together.

Step 5 consume

Eating 1 ~ 2 apples a day is enough to achieve the above effect.

Men should eat more apples than women, because apples can lower cholesterol.

Apples are rich in nutrition. Chewing slowly when eating apples is not only conducive to digestion, but also conducive to reducing human diseases.

Don't eat fruit immediately after meals, so as not to affect normal eating and digestion.

Apples are rich in sugar and potassium, so patients with nephritis and diabetes should not eat more.

Don't eat apples on an empty stomach. The mixture of fruit acid and gastric acid in apples will increase the burden on the stomach.

Second, peaches

(A) the nutritional components of peaches

Peach is known as "Shoutao" and "Xiantao". Because of its delicious meat, it is also called "the first fruit in the world". Peach meat contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, vitamin B 1, organic acids (mainly malic acid and citric acid), sugar (mainly glucose, fructose, sucrose and xylose) and volatile oil. Every 100g fresh peach contains 88% water, protein is about 0.7g, carbohydrate 1 1g, and calorie is only180.0kj. Peach is suitable for patients with hypokalemia and iron deficiency anemia.

The gum secreted by peach tree trunk, commonly known as peach gum, can be used as adhesive. It is a polysaccharide, which can be hydrolyzed to produce arabinose, galactose, xylose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid and so on. Edible or medicinal, it has the effects of breaking blood, promoting blood circulation and benefiting qi.

(B) the efficacy and role of peaches

Peaches have great edible efficacy and function. Proper consumption of peaches can play a health care role in nourishing yin, promoting fluid production, benefiting qi and moistening lung for chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, atelectasis, silicosis and tuberculosis.

1, peach has the functions of nourishing qi and blood, nourishing yin and promoting fluid production, and can be used for patients with deficiency of both qi and blood, sallow complexion and emaciation, palpitation and shortness of breath after serious illness.

2. Peach kernel has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, moistening intestines and relaxing bowels, and can be used for adjuvant treatment such as amenorrhea and traumatic injury.

3. Peach kernel extract has anticoagulant effect, can inhibit the cough center and relieve cough, and can lower blood pressure at the same time, and can be used as adjuvant therapy for patients with hypertension.

4. Peach has high iron content, high potassium content and low sodium content, which is suitable for people with iron deficiency anemia and edema.

5, practical guidance

Eat fresh and pickled food, or fry soup and cook soup to eat meat. Wash the peach hair before eating, so as not to prick the skin and get a rash; Or inhaled into the respiratory tract, causing symptoms such as cough and itchy throat.

6. Dietary skills

Put a little edible alkali in clear water, soak the fresh peaches for 3 minutes, stir a few times, and let the peach hairs float up automatically. After a few washes, the hairs will be gone. Pick peaches and touch them with your hands. Those with hairy and stinging surfaces were not watered. When pressing, it is advisable to be moderate in hardness and water-free, too soft and easy to rot. Red peaches are not necessarily sweet. Don't buy peach kernels with separated pulp. When nuts and pulp stick together, the pulp is sweeter.

(3) Edible population

Edible: peaches are suitable for people with hypoglycemia and should be eaten when they are thirsty; Suitable for people with hypokalemia and iron deficiency anemia; Suitable for patients with lung disease, liver disease and edema; Suitable for people with poor appetite and weak digestion.

Avoid eating: people with peach fever, sores, folliculitis, carbuncle, facial acne and other internal heat should avoid eating; Diabetic patients are forbidden to eat; Peaches avoid eating with turtles; Rotten peaches must not be eaten, otherwise it will be harmful to health.

Third, pears

(A) the nutritional components of pears

Pear fruit is delicious, the meat is crisp and juicy, sweet and sour, and the flavor is fragrant and beautiful. Rich in sugar, protein, fat, carbohydrates and vitamins, it plays an important role in human health. Pear has the function of clearing away lung heat and nourishing lung. People who eat more pears are much less likely to catch a cold than those who don't eat or eat less pears, so some scientists and doctors call pears "all-round healthy fruits" or "general practitioners". Due to the serious air pollution in social development, pears can improve the respiratory system and lung function, moisten the lungs, and reduce the impact of dust and smoke in the air on the lungs. Pear fruit can also be processed into dried pear, preserved pear, pear sauce, pear juice, canned pear and so on. It can also be used to make wine and vinegar. Pear fruit also has medicinal value, which can help digestion, moisten the lungs and clear the heart, eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, clear away heat and toxic materials and produce sores, and also has the function of diuresis and moistening stool. Pear wood is fine and moderate in hardness, and it is the raw material for carving seals and high-grade furniture. The sugar content of pear is below 15%, and it can be eaten 300-500 grams per day, which is suitable for diabetics. Pear meat is rich in crisp juice, sweet and sour, nutritious and healthy.

Pears are rich in dietary fiber, which can help people lower their cholesterol and lose weight. American nutritionists have found that each pear contains 10g dietary fiber to reduce cholesterol and meet 40% of the daily dietary fiber requirements of human body. Through the investigation of some adults in Maryland, it is found that the people who consume the most dietary fiber have the lowest total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein content; At the same time, these people have the lightest weight, the lowest height and body mass index and the smallest waist circumference.

(B) the efficacy and role of pears

Pear tastes sweet, slightly sour, cool, and enters the lungs and stomach; Has the effects of promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, and relieving alcoholism; It can be used for dry cough, thirst and constipation caused by fever and yin deficiency, and also for polydipsia, cough and asthma, yellow phlegm and other symptoms caused by internal heat.

1. Pear: It has the effects of promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, clearing away heat and resolving phlegm. It is suitable for fever, polydipsia, thirst quenching, hot cough, phlegm-heat fright, diaphragmatic choking, thirst aphonia, red eyes with swelling and pain, and dyspepsia.

2, pear skin: clear the heart and moisten the lungs, reduce fire and produce fluid, nourish the kidney and nourish yin. Roots, branches and leaves, and flowers have the effects of moistening lung, resolving phlegm, and clearing away heat and toxic materials.

3. Pear seeds: Pear seeds contain lignin, which is an insoluble fiber that can be dissolved in the intestine to form a colloidal film and can be eliminated by combining with cholesterol in the intestine. Pears containing boron can prevent osteoporosis in women. When boron is sufficient, memory, attention and mental acuity will be improved.

4, pear leaves: juice service, detoxification. Treat hernia in children. Boiling juice can cure cholera and spit out the benefits. Decoct, cure wind.

5. Attend

Indications: heat cough, cough and asthma. Treat cough fever, apoplexy without language, typhoid fever, diarrhea with gallbladder heat, and convulsion. Facilitate defecation, remove thief wind, stop upset, stop asthma and stop fever. Moistening lung and cooling heart, resolving phlegm and diminishing inflammation. Ulcer and alcoholism. Has that effect of purging fire and treat constipation.

Li Shizhen said: "Bielu" talks about pears, only about its harm, not its benefits. The ancients said that most diseases are related to wind-cold, and the medicine is cinnamon and aconite, but they didn't know that pears have the functions of controlling wind and heat, moistening lung and cooling heart, eliminating phlegm and removing fire, and detoxifying. Today, 67 of human diseases are phlegm disease and fire disease. Pears have many benefits, but don't eat too much. Unfortunately, only milk pears and goose pears can be eaten and cured, and other pears can't be cured even if they can be eaten.

Pears can not only be eaten raw, but also be used for wine, pear sauce, preserved pear and medicine. Patch to treat burns; Pour juice, moisten the lungs and cool the heart, relieve sore poison and alcohol poison. Pear blossoms can remove black acne; Decocting pear leaves can cure children's wind-cold hernia, and bark can eliminate symptoms such as qi stagnation and cough.

(3) Edible population

Pears are cold and help damp, and eating too much will hurt the spleen and stomach, so people who are cold and afraid of cold should eat less. Pear contains more fruit acid and stomach acid, so it is not advisable to eat more. Pear has diuretic effect, and people with frequent urination at night should eat less pears before going to bed. Patients with blood deficiency, chills, diarrhea and cold hands and feet should not eat more pears. It is best to cook them before eating them to prevent the symptoms of dampness and cold from getting worse. Pears are high in sugar, so diabetics should be careful. Patients with chronic enteritis and stomach cold disease should not eat raw pears. Pear contains a lot of fruit acid, so it is not suitable to be used with alkaline drugs, such as aminophylline and baking soda. For relieving cough and resolving phlegm, sweet pears with high sugar content should not be selected. Pears should not be eaten with crabs to prevent diarrhea. Because pears are sweet, slightly sour, cold, crabs are salty, cold and slightly toxic. Both are cold products, and eating together hurts the stomach. Drinking hot water and eating greasy food when eating pears can lead to diarrhea. Defective stools caused by spleen and stomach deficiency and cold, cough and white phlegm caused by exogenous wind and cold are contraindicated. Do not use it after delivery and after the baby has acne.

1, suitable for people

Cough with thick or no phlegm, itchy throat and dry pain.

Patients with chronic bronchitis and tuberculosis.

Patients with hypertension, heart disease, hepatitis and liver cirrhosis.

Those who are still awake after drinking or having a hangover.

Pears can clear the throat and reduce the fire. Broadcasting, singing and teachers often eat ripe pears, which can increase body fluid in the mouth and play a role in maintaining the voice.

2, unfavorable crowd

Pears are cool and juicy, and patients with loose stool's spleen deficiency, chronic enteritis, stomach cold, cough due to cold phlegm or exogenous wind-cold and diabetes should not eat. Women also avoid eating raw pears after childbirth. Women with menstrual cramps and cold dysmenorrhea should not eat raw pears.

Fourth, yam.

(A) the nutritional components of yam

Yam, also known as Dioscorea opposita, Dioscorea opposita, Dioscorea opposita, Dioscorea opposita and Dioscorea opposita, is a kind of herbal medicine recorded in Chinese Materia Medica, and its medicine source is the dried rhizome of Dioscorea opposita. Every 100g yam contains about 75g of water, carbohydrate 14.4~ 19.9g, protein 1.5~2.2g, fat 0. 1~0.2g, dioscin 50ug, B vitamins and vitamin C. The sticky substance in yam is mucin, which consists of mannan and globulin.

Yam has the effects of nourishing and strengthening, helping digestion, astringing deficient sweating and stopping diarrhea, and is mainly used to treat chronic enteritis such as diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, cough due to lung deficiency, diabetes, short and red urine, nocturnal emission, female leukorrhagia and dyspepsia. Yam is most suitable to be taken with Ganoderma lucidum, which has the function of preventing and treating diabetes. Yam has a great development prospect in food industry and processing industry.

(B) the efficacy and role of yam

Yam, eaten by human beings since ancient times, is one of the earliest plants eaten by human beings. As early as the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's poem, there was a famous sentence "Fill the intestines and eat more yam". Yam tuber is thick and juicy, sweet and soft, and sticky. Both raw and hot food are delicious. According to the test results of Chinese yam by Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, its tuber contains crude protein 14.48%, crude fiber 3.48%, starch 43.7%, sugar 1. 14%, potassium 2.62%, phosphorus 0.2% and calcium 0.1. Among the 18 amino acids needed by human beings, yam contains 16 amino acids.

Chinese yam is tender and contains rich nutrients and health-care substances. Shennong's Herbal Classic says, "Tonifying the middle energizer can make up deficiency, dispel cold and heat, tonify the middle energizer, strengthen tendons, and it will be effective after long-term service"; (("Rihuazi Materia Medica") said that "it helps the five internal organs, strengthens the bones and muscles, and calms the nerves, which is mainly used to drain the essence and forget"; Compendium of Materia Medica holds that yam can "benefit kidney qi, strengthen spleen and stomach, stop diarrhea, stop paralysis and moisten fur". Recent studies have shown that yam can induce interferon and enhance human immune function. Choline and lecithin contained in it are helpful to improve people's memory. Regular consumption can strengthen the body and delay aging, so it is a favorite health care product. Bionic food, mainly yam and supplemented by konjac, is a rare healthy nutritious food with rich nutrition, nourishing body building and beauty beauty.

Yam is not only yam, but also food. Not only can it be made into health food, but also has the medicinal value of regulating diseases. "Compendium of Materia Medica" points out: Chinese yam can cure all kinds of deficiency injuries, five strains and seven injuries, except head and face wind, low back pain, vexation and heat, deficiency of heart-qi, happy memory, kidney-qi, spleen and stomach, diarrhea and moistening the fur, and ointment swelling and hard poison can be treated; In Yu Ye Soup and Zipei Soup, yam and astragalus can treat thirst, fatigue and asthma. Often Chinese herbal medicines with the same source of medicine and food, such as Lycium barbarum and Mulberry, are combined to make tea, which can tonify the kidney and strengthen the body resistance and play a better health care role. However, the market of fake and shoddy Chinese herbal medicines is flooded, and there are problems such as dyeing, sulfur fumigation and fake origin. It is suggested that you choose professional brands, such as Chen's Lycium barbarum and Mulberry, to avoid quality problems.

Yam has the following functions:

1. Traditional Chinese medicines for lowering blood pressure, such as Liuwei Dihuang Pill, Bawei Dihuang Pill and Guishao Dihuang Pill, are all famous prescriptions made of yam, which are used to treat not only kidney deficiency, but also hypertension, diabetes, asthma, neurasthenia and lumbago.

2. Anti-aging Modern science has proved that yam can significantly reduce the activity of enzymes that accelerate the aging of the body. Bawei Dihuang Pill containing yam is mainly used to treat postpartum sweating. Baoyuan Qingjiang Decoction and Baoyuan Hanjiang Decoction can treat hematemesis and nosebleeds. Cold drenching soup and ointment drenching soup can cure drenching insects. Yam can also treat tuberculosis, typhoid fever and gynecological diseases, which is conducive to prolonging life.

3. Anti-tumor effect Yam tuber is rich in polysaccharide, which can stimulate and regulate human immune system. Therefore, it is often used as a health care drug to enhance immunity. Dioscorea opposita polysaccharide can antagonize the cellular immune suppression caused by cyclophosphamide and restore some or all of the suppressed cellular immune functions to normal. Yam can also enhance the phagocytosis of white blood cells. For example, Liuwei Dihuang Pill can treat chronic nephritis, hypertension, diabetes, neurasthenia and other diseases. Baizhi Dihuang Pill can treat ankylosing spondylitis, gynecological fetal leakage, vulvar itching, amenorrhea and other symptoms of yin deficiency and excessive fire. Guishao Dihuang Pill can treat otodynia due to yin deficiency, tinnitus and spontaneous sweating.

4. Allantoin contained in yam can be used to treat skin diseases, such as chapped hands and feet, ichthyosis and various keratotic skin diseases, because it has anesthetic and analgesic effects, and can promote epithelial growth, diminish inflammation and inhibit bacteria. Taboo crowd: yam has astringent effect, and people with dry stools should not eat it; In addition, evil spirits should not eat yam.

(3) Edible population

Suitable for people: the general population can eat it. Suitable for diabetes, abdominal distension, physical weakness after illness, chronic nephritis and long-term diarrhea.

Taboo crowd: yam has astringent effect, and people with dry stools should not eat it; In addition, evil spirits should not eat yam.

5. Can apples, peaches, pears and yams be cooked together?

Apples, peaches, pears and yams can be cooked together. But it is best to consult Chinese medicine about the compatibility ratio of apples, peaches, pears and yams according to your own physical condition, and then cook them together. The above information is edited to the internet, I hope it will help you.