Wearing a cotton-padded hat in winter is just like wearing a cotton-padded jacket.
In the cold winter, people put on thick clothes, and the heat is mainly lost from the exposed parts such as the head and hands. According to tests, people who don't wear hats at rest will lose a lot of heat from their heads. When the ambient temperature is 15℃, the heat lost by the head accounts for 30% of the total heat dissipation of human body, 60% at 4℃ and 75% at-15℃. It can be seen that the warmth of the head is closely related to the heat balance of the human body. As the saying goes: "Wearing a cotton-padded hat in winter is like wearing a cotton-padded jacket."
Pay special attention to wearing hats in winter. Hats can protect ears, and children should pay more attention to wearing hats at any time.
Third, 65438 08℃, the ideal temperature.
It is cold outside in winter, and the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large. Generally, 16℃ ~ 20℃ should be kept indoors, and 18℃ is the most ideal.
If the indoor temperature is too high, it will make people feel sultry, dizzy and depressed. After a long time, it will also cause dry mouth and dry eyes, break the long-term physiological balance of the human body, cause physiological changes and cause diseases. Especially in the northern winter, the temperature is too high, which is easy to cause exogenous cold.
If the indoor temperature is too low, it will cause the human body to dissipate heat too quickly, which will greatly consume the human body's heat energy and often make people feel cold and timid. People with weak body will get chills, and people with weak stomach will have abdominal distension and stomach pain.
Fourthly, 45% ~ 60% RH, healthy humidity.
Indoor humidity should also be suitable in winter, and 45% RH ~ 60% RH is called "healthy humidity".
If the indoor humidity is too high, it is more difficult for the human body to dissipate heat. When the indoor temperature is too high, there will be a sense of oppression; When the indoor temperature is low, the humidity is higher than' 80%RH, which will make the human body dissipate heat too quickly and increase the cold feeling.
Indoor humidity is too low, the air is dry, and people's respiratory tract is dry and uncomfortable, which will cause dry mouth and sore throat. In winter in northern China, there is generally little precipitation, strong wind, dry climate and low indoor humidity. Especially in winter, the stove fires to keep warm and the indoor air is dry. It is often necessary to put a kettle on the stove, let the water in the kettle transpiration, discharge the indoor steam, or spray water on the ground to increase the air humidity. In order to better control the air humidity, you can choose a humidifier.
Fifth, create an ideal "clothing climate"
The so-called "clothing climate" means that the surface temperature of clothing is about zero degrees Celsius, while the temperature between the inner layer of clothing and the skin is always kept at 32℃ ~ 33℃. This ideal "clothing climate" can create a good microclimate around the human body, buffer the invasion of the external cold climate on the human body, and keep the human body at a constant temperature.
The specific measures to create an ideal "clothing climate" are: the physiological function of the elderly is declining, the skin is aging, the vasoconstriction is weakened, and the metabolic level is low, so it is appropriate to wear light and warm clothes; Young people have strong metabolic ability and relatively sound self-regulation ability. For cold stimulation, skin blood vessels can contract to a greater extent to reduce the loss of body heat. Therefore, clothes should not be too thick; Infants and young children are immature and have low thermoregulation ability, so they should pay attention to keep warm. However, infants and young children have strong metabolism and cannot be covered too thick to avoid sweating too much and affecting their health, so clothes should be diligent and reduced.
Six, the weather is cold, keep your feet warm.
As the saying goes, "cold starts from the foot", the foot is farthest from the heart, and the blood supply is small and slow. In addition, the fat layer under the foot epidermis is thin and the heat preservation is poor. Therefore, the skin temperature of the foot is the lowest, and the toe temperature is sometimes only 25℃. Chinese medicine believes that the cold pathogen of the foot will inevitably affect the internal organs, which can lead to diseases such as epigastric pain, diarrhea, irregular menstruation, impotence, lumbago and leg pain. Cold feet can also reduce disease resistance and lead to upper respiratory tract infection. Therefore, we must pay attention to the health care of our feet in the cold winter.
In winter, the size of shoes and socks should be slightly larger, and there should be a gap between feet and shoes, which is to use the heat insulation effect of air to enhance warmth. The thickness of the sole should be appropriate, because the thick sole makes the shoes have good cold resistance. People who work in ice and snow should wear furry high-waisted shoes or boots. People who often suffer from frostbite should wear cotton shoes as soon as possible; People with sweaty feet should choose cotton shoes and socks with good air permeability. When socks and insoles sweat, they should be dried in time, and cotton shoes should be dried frequently.