Bats use ultrasonic positioning, and humans invented radar.
Man invented the airplane with the wings and streamlined bodies of birds.
Because of the special eyes of flies, humans invented the "fly eye" camera answering device;
Bat-sonar and radar
Tail fin of fish rudder
Pectoral fin of fish paddle
Spider webs-fishing nets and new fibers
An animal's nest-a house
Carnivore hunting
Shark-"Shark Skin" One-piece Swimsuit
Birds-gliders and airplanes
Camouflage color of animals-camouflage clothing
Turtle-tank and turtle rest are qigong breathing and health preservation.
Animal webbed feet-webbed feet in diving equipment.
Gas mask for pigs
breaststroke
Butterfly-butterfly
Dragonfly helicopter
Respondents: Enthusiastic users | 2011-3-718: 55
Dragonfly-airplane
whaler
Butterfly satellite
Fish volt battery
Inspired by the free ups and downs of fish in the water, humans invented submarines.
Frog's sole, man invented diver's flippers.
Scientists learned from the phenomenon that fish can float freely in the water and invented submarines!
Bat radar
1。 A very strange small gas analyzer was successfully copied from annoying flies. It has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin.
2。 From fireflies to artificial luminescence;
3。 Electric fish and volt batteries;
4。 The windward ear of jellyfish imitates the structure and function of jellyfish ear, and designs a storm predictor of jellyfish ear, which can predict the storm 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to navigation and fishery safety.
5。 According to the visual principle of frog eye, people have successfully developed an electronic frog eye. This kind of electronic frog's eyes can accurately identify objects with specific shapes like real frog's eyes. After installing electronic frog eyes in radar system, the anti-jamming ability of radar is greatly improved. This radar system can quickly and accurately identify aircraft, ships and missiles with specific shapes. In particular, it can distinguish between true and false missiles and prevent false confusion.
Electronic frog eyes are also widely used in airports and traffic arteries. At the airport, it can monitor the take-off and landing of aircraft, and call the police in time if it is found that the aircraft is about to collide. On the main road, you can direct the vehicles to prevent them from colliding.
6。 According to the principle of bat ultrasonic locator, people also copied "Pathfinder" for the blind. This pathfinder is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter, which blind people can use to find telephone poles, steps, people on bridges, etc. Nowadays, "ultrasonic glasses" with similar functions have also been made.
7。 By simulating the incomplete photosynthetic mechanism of cyanobacteria, a bionic photolysis device was designed to obtain a large amount of hydrogen.
8。 According to the study of human skeletal muscle system and bioelectricity control, a human strength enhancer-walking machine is copied.
9。 The hook of modern crane originated from the claws of many animals.
10。 Corrugated roofs imitate animal scales.
1 1。 Paddles imitate the fins of fish.
12。 Saw mantis arms, or saw grass.
13。 The plants of Xanthium were inspired to invent velcro.
14。 Lobster with keen sense of smell provides people with the idea of making odor detectors.
15。 Gecko toes provide an encouraging prospect for manufacturing reusable adhesive tape.
16。 The colloid formed by shellfish and protein is very strong, and this colloid can be used in everything from surgical suture to ship repair.
17. The capsules in squid and torpedo bait can secrete black liquid. When it is in danger, it will release this black liquid to trick the attacker into falling for it. Submarine designers imitate this function of squid, and readers design torpedo bait. Torpedo vinegar lure is like a pocket submarine, which can sail at the same speed according to the original course of the submarine, and can also simulate noise, spiral beat, sound signal and Doppler tone change. It is this vivid performance that makes it difficult to tell whether the enemy submarine or the attacked torpedo is true or not, and finally makes the submarine escape.
18. Spider and armored biologists have found that the strength of spider silk is five times that of steel wire with the same volume. Inspired by this, a technology company in Cambridge, England, tried to make high-strength fibers similar to spider silk. Composite materials made of this fiber can be used as structural materials such as bulletproof vests, bulletproof vehicles, tanks and armored vehicles.
19. Giraffes and "anti-Dutch clothing" giraffes are the tallest animals in the world at present. The distance between their brains and hearts is about 3 meters, and blood is sent to their brains by blood pressure as high as 160~260 mm Hg. According to general analysis, when giraffes bow their heads to drink water, their brains are lower than their hearts, and a large amount of blood will flood into their brains, which will increase their blood pressure even more, so giraffes will die of diseases such as cerebral congestion or blood vessel rupture when drinking water. But the giraffe's thick skin tightly binds blood vessels, which limits blood pressure. Aircraft designers and aviation biologists have designed a novel "anti-load suit" based on the principle of giraffe skin, thus solving the pain caused by cerebral ischemia when ultra-high-speed fighter pilots suddenly accelerate their climb. There is a device in this "anti-load suit", which can compress air when the plane accelerates, and it can also exert corresponding pressure on blood vessels, which is better than the thick skin of giraffe.
20. "Whale Back Effect" between whales and submarines Contemporary nuclear submarines can dive under the ice for a long time, but if they launch missiles under the ice, they must break the ice and float up. This is a mechanical problem. Diving experts are inspired by the fact that whales break ice and breathe every 10 minute. In terms of the podium coaming and superstructure protruding from the top of the submarine, they strengthened the material strength, simulated the whale back, and truly achieved the "whale back effect" when breaking the ice.
2 1. butterflies and satellites with temperature control system travel in space. When they are strongly radiated by sunlight, the satellite temperature will be as high as 200 degrees Celsius; In the shadow area, the temperature of the satellite will drop to about-200 degrees Celsius, and it is easy to bake or freeze the precision instruments on the satellite, which once made the space scientists break their brains. Later, people were inspired by butterflies. It turns out that the butterfly has a layer of tiny scales on its body surface, which can regulate its body temperature. Whenever the temperature rises and the sun shines directly, the scales automatically open, reducing the radiation angle of the sun, thus reducing the absorption of solar heat energy; When the outside temperature drops, the scales automatically close to the body surface, allowing the sun to shine directly on the scales, thus controlling the body temperature within the normal range. After research, scientists designed a temperature control system similar to butterfly scales for artificial earth satellites.
These are:
Biologists have made high-grade silk threads, tear-resistant parachutes and high-strength cables for temporary suspension bridges through the study of spider silk. Ships and submarines are modeled after fish and dolphins.
Rattlesnake missiles are modern weapons developed by scientists imitating the "hot eye" function of snakes and their tongues are arranged with a natural infrared sensing ability like a camera.
The rocket takes off by using the recoil principle of jellyfish and squid.
Researchers have developed many military camouflage equipment for the army by studying the chameleon's color-changing ability.
Scientists studied frog eyes and invented electronic frog eyes.
Termites not only use adhesive to build their anthills, but also spray adhesive on their enemies through small tubes in their heads. So people made a working weapon-dry rubber shell according to the same principle.
The US Air Force has developed a miniature thermal sensor through the "hot eye" function of poisonous snakes.
Drawing lessons from the bionics principle and the fur structure of terrestrial animals, Chinese textile scientists have designed a small barrel warm fabric with the functions of wind resistance and moisture conduction.
According to the principle that the rattlesnake's buccal fossa can feel the temperature change of 0.00 1℃, human beings invented the tracking and chasing rattlesnake missile. Humans also used the principle of leapfrog to design a toad rammer. Humans imitate the highly sensitive sense of smell of police dogs and create "electronic police dogs" for investigation. Scientists have made the first batch of gas masks in the world according to the unique drug detection ability of wild boar nose.
1, Spherical Palace: A round nest skillfully woven by African warm birds with beaks and feet. It starts with a circular bracket, forms a ball, and then hangs on a branch.
2. Stable light structure: The box nest built in Tian Feng is very exquisite. Although it is a light structure, it has incredible stability.
3. Perfect bonding: Weaving ants' nests are made of leaves. Their larvae can spit out adhesive and are ideal "glue bottles".
4. Round tower house on the tree: The house of a group of birds looks like a crumbling pile of firewood on the tree, but its structure is very strong and can last for decades, often until the tree is crushed and broken.
5, the "stove" stove on the branch: bird's nest is made of soil, generally selected on a relatively stable branch. A bird's nest needs about 2500 grains of clay, all of which are taken away by the oven birds with their beaks.
6. Platform construction: tropical stingless bees use beeswax to build beehives, which are stacked and combined, generally with 40 floors. They look like spaceships in the movie Star Wars, and can accommodate 654.38 million+"residents".
7. Air-conditioned castle: Termites can raise the temperature of their nests through an incredible pipeline system, cooling during the day and heating at night.
Jellyfish is almost entirely composed of water, and its water actually accounts for 98%. There is a large amount of liquid between the molecules that make up its body, from which daily polymer glue can be obtained.
Lu Ban, a famous craftsman in ancient China, cut his hand while cutting trees up the mountain. He wants to know how a grass can be so powerful. After careful observation, he found that there were many sharp teeth on the leaf edge of silk grass. So Lu Ban invented the woodworking saw.
Flies have no noses. What does it rely on to act as a sense of smell? It turns out that the "nose" of flies-olfactory receptors are distributed on a pair of antennae on the head. A very strange small gas analyzer was successfully copied. This instrument has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin. It can also measure harmful gases in submarines and mines. This principle can also be used to improve the input device of computer and the structural principle of gas chromatography analyzer.
As early as 1940s, people created fluorescent lamps based on the study of fireflies. In recent years, scientists first isolated pure fluorescein from fireflies, then isolated luciferase, and then synthesized fluorescein artificially by chemical methods. Biological light source composed of fluorescein, luciferase, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and water can be used as a flash lamp in mines filled with explosive gas. Because this lamp has no power supply and does not produce magnetic field, it can be used to clear magnetic mines under the irradiation of biological light source.
/kloc-at the beginning of 0/9th century, Italian physicist Volt designed the world's earliest voltaic battery based on electric fish power generation organ. Because this kind of battery is designed according to the natural generator of electric fish, it is called "artificial electric officer"
The long-span thin-shell building built by imitating shell and the column built by imitating femoral structure can not only eliminate the area where stress is particularly concentrated, but also bear the maximum load with the least building materials. Military imitation of the groove structure of dolphin skin and application of artificial dolphin leather bag on the hull can reduce navigation flow and improve speed;
After understanding the chemical structure of the sex pheromone of the forest pest gypsy moth, a similar organic compound was synthesized, which can trap and kill male insects in a field insect trap with the amount of one millionth microgram.
Bat-sonar and radar, pig-gas mask, frog-breaststroke! ! ! ! Modern radar-a radio positioning and ranging device: Scientists have found that bats rely not on eyes, but on an echo positioning system consisting of mouth, throat and ears. Because bats emit ultrasonic waves when flying, they can also detect ultrasonic waves reflected by obstacles. Based on this, scientists have designed a modern radar-a radio positioning and ranging device.
By studying the tiny swimming resistance of dolphins, scientists invented artificial dolphin skin which can improve the speed of torpedoes. And a wheeled vehicle (jumping machine) that imitates kangaroo's movement in the desert.
Inspired by penguins, scientists from the Institute of Zoology of the former Soviet Academy of Sciences designed a new type of car-Penguin brand polar off-road vehicle. The wide bottom of this car is directly attached to the snow surface and supported by a wheel spoon, and the driving speed can reach 50 km/h.
Scientists make space robots by imitating insects.
A research team of Australian National University has developed a small navigation and flight control device by studying several insects. This device can be used to equip small aircraft for Mars exploration.
Inspired by bionics, British scientists are developing a new submarine, which can swim in an S shape by swinging its tail fin. The main innovation is the use of a device called "trunk actuator". "Elephant trunk" consists of a group of thin and soft hoses, which imitate muscle activity and promote fin movement. This new submarine can be used as an underwater mine-clearing submarine to deal with mines that will detonate at the slightest sound or interference.
Nasty flies seem to have nothing to do with the grand space cause, but bionics closely connects them.
Flies are notorious "smelly things". They can be seen everywhere and have a bad smell. Flies have a particularly sensitive sense of smell, and can smell the smell thousands of meters away. But flies don't have noses. What does it rely on to act as a sense of smell? It turns out that the "nose" of flies-olfactory receptors are distributed on a pair of antennae on the head.
Each "nose" has only one "nostril" communicating with the outside world, which contains hundreds of olfactory nerve cells. If the smell enters the nostrils, these nerves will immediately convert the smell stimulus into nerve electrical impulses and send them to the brain. The brain can distinguish substances with different smells according to different nerve electrical impulses generated by substances with different smells. Therefore, the fly's antenna is like a sensitive gas analyzer.
Inspired by this, bionics successfully imitated a very strange small gas analyzer according to the structure and function of the olfactory organs of flies. The probe of this instrument is not metal, but a live fly. A very fine microelectrode is inserted into the olfactory nerve of the fly, and the guided neuroelectric signal is amplified by an electronic circuit and sent to an analyzer; The analyzer can give an alarm as soon as it finds the signal of odorous substances. This instrument has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin.
This small gas analyzer can also measure harmful gases in submarines and mines. This principle can also be used to improve the input device of computer and the structural principle of gas chromatography analyzer.
From Fireflies to Artificial Luminescence
Since the invention of electric light, life has become more convenient and rich. But electric lamps can only convert a small part of electric energy into visible light, and most of the rest is wasted in the form of heat energy. The heat rays of electric lamps are harmful to people's eyes. So, is there a light source that only emits light without heating? Humans have turned their attention to nature again.
In nature, many creatures can emit light, such as bacteria, fungi, worms, mollusks, crustaceans, insects and fish, and the light emitted by these animals does not produce heat, so it is also called "cold light".
Fireflies are one of many luminous animals. There are about 65,438+0,500 species of fireflies. Their luminescent colors are yellow-green, orange, and their brightness is different. Fireflies emit cold light, which not only has high luminous efficiency, but also is generally soft, suitable for human eyes, and the light intensity is relatively high. Therefore, bioluminescence is an ideal light source for human beings.
Scientists found that the luminous device of fireflies is located in the abdomen. This light emitter consists of three parts: light emitting layer, transparent layer and reflecting layer. There are thousands of luminescent cells in the luminescent layer, all of which contain fluorescein and luciferase. Under the action of luciferase, fluorescein combines with oxidation to emit fluorescence with the participation of intracellular water. The luminescence of fireflies is essentially a process in which chemical energy is converted into light energy.
As early as the 1940s, people created fluorescent lamps on the basis of the study of fireflies, which greatly changed the lighting sources of human beings. In recent years, scientists first isolated pure fluorescein from fireflies, then isolated luciferase, and then synthesized fluorescein artificially by chemical methods. Biological light source composed of fluorescein, luciferase, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and water can be used as a flash lamp in mines filled with explosive gas. Because this lamp has no power supply and does not produce magnetic field, it can be used to clear magnetic mines under the irradiation of biological light source.
Now, people can get cold light similar to biological light by mixing some chemicals for safe lighting.
Electric fish and volt battery
Many creatures in nature can generate electricity, and there are more than 500 kinds of fish alone. People call these discharging fish "electric fish".
All kinds of electric fish have different discharge skills. Electric ray, electric catfish and electric eel have the strongest discharge ability. Medium-sized torpedoes can generate about 70 volts, while African torpedoes can generate up to 220 volts; African electric catfish can generate 350 volts; Electric eels can generate 500 volts. There is a South American electric eel that can generate up to 880 volts, and it is called the champion of electric shock. It is said that it can kill big animals like horses.
Where is the mystery of electric fish discharge? After the anatomical study of the electric fish, it is finally found that there is a strange power generation organ in the electric fish. These generators are made up of many translucent disk-shaped batteries, called electric plates or disks. Due to the different types of electric fish, the shape, position and quantity of the electric plates of the generator are also different. The generator of electric eel is prismatic and located in the muscles on both sides of the caudate spine. The torpedo generator is shaped like a flat kidney, arranged on both sides of the body midline, with 2 million electric plates. The generator of electric catfish originated from some kind of gland, located between skin and muscle, with about 5 million electric plates. The voltage generated by a single plate is very weak, but because there are many plates, the voltage generated is very large.
The extraordinary skills of electric fish have aroused great interest. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/9th century, Italian physicist Volt designed the world's earliest voltaic battery based on electric fish power generation organ. Because this kind of battery is designed according to the natural generator of electric fish, the research of electric fish called "artificial electric officer" also gives people such enlightenment: if the power generation organ of electric fish can be successfully imitated, then the power problem of ships and submarines can be solved well.
Jellyfish windward ears
"Swallows fly low before the rain, cicadas sing, and the sky clears up in the rain." Biological behavior is related to the change of weather. Fishermen along the coast know that fish and jellyfish living along the coast swim to the sea in batches, which indicates that a storm is coming.
Jellyfish, also known as jellyfish, is an ancient coelenterate that floated in the ocean as early as 500 million years ago. This lower animal has the instinct to predict storms, and every time before the storm warning, it will swim to the sea to take refuge.
Bionics gives an example of 15:
1。 A very strange small gas analyzer was successfully copied from annoying flies. It has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin.
2。 From fireflies to artificial luminescence;
3。 Electric fish and volt batteries;
4。 The windward ear of jellyfish imitates the structure and function of jellyfish ear, and designs a storm predictor of jellyfish ear, which can predict the storm 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to navigation and fishery safety.
5。 According to the visual principle of frog eye, people have successfully developed an electronic frog eye. This kind of electronic frog's eyes can accurately identify objects with specific shapes like real frog's eyes. After installing electronic frog eyes in radar system, the anti-jamming ability of radar is greatly improved. This radar system can quickly and accurately identify aircraft, ships and missiles with specific shapes. In particular, it can distinguish between true and false missiles and prevent false confusion.
Electronic frog eyes are also widely used in airports and traffic arteries. At the airport, it can monitor the take-off and landing of aircraft, and call the police in time if it is found that the aircraft is about to collide. On the main road, you can direct the vehicles to prevent them from colliding.
6。 According to the principle of bat ultrasonic locator, people also copied "Pathfinder" for the blind. This pathfinder is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter, which blind people can use to find telephone poles, steps, people on bridges, etc. Nowadays, "ultrasonic glasses" with similar functions have also been made.
7。 By simulating the incomplete photosynthetic mechanism of cyanobacteria, a bionic photolysis device was designed to obtain a large amount of hydrogen.
8。 According to the study of human skeletal muscle system and bioelectricity control, a human strength enhancer-walking machine is copied.
9。 The hook of modern crane originated from the claws of many animals.
10。 Corrugated roofs imitate animal scales.
1 1。 Paddles imitate the fins of fish.
12。 Saw mantis arms, or saw grass.
13。 The plants of Xanthium were inspired to invent velcro.
14。 Lobster with keen sense of smell provides people with the idea of making odor detectors.
15。 Gecko toes provide an encouraging prospect for manufacturing reusable adhesive tape.
16。 The colloid formed by shellfish and protein is very strong, and this colloid can be used in everything from surgical suture to ship repair.