According to the temperament theory of ancient Greece, there are four kinds of body fluids in human body, and their proportion determines human temperament. According to this, people are divided into "sanguine type, choleric type, mucinous type and melancholy type".

Pavlov, a famous scientist in the former Soviet Union, divided people into "excited type, flexible type, stable type and restrained type". Compared with many foreign physique theories, only TCM physique theory is closely combined with medical practice and health preservation and longevity.

Constitution is determined by the ups and downs of zang-fu organs, based on qi and blood, and is a person's physical quality, which is influenced by congenital genetic variation and acquired exercise supplement. In a word, physique includes physique, physical fitness and adaptability.