The origin of Japanese tea culture The origin of Japanese tea ceremony can be traced back to16th century, but the introduction of tea was completed by envoys to the Tang Dynasty. In ancient Japan, there were no native tea trees and there was no habit of drinking tea. Tea has taken root and sprouted in Japan since the envoys of Nara era brought it back to Japan. According to legend, in the Song Dynasty in China more than 800 years ago, Japanese Zen master Rong came to Zhejiang twice, bringing China's tea drinking culture to Japan, thus developing and forming the Japanese tea ceremony. Compared with the history of tea culture in China, the history of Japanese tea ceremony is not long.
Japanese tea ceremony scholars generally believe that Japanese tea was first brought to Japan from China by the missionary master Zuyi in the early 9th century. Later, it is said that he planted the tea seeds he brought back in the Riji Shrine near Sakamoto, thus forming the later Riji Tea Garden. According to the well-known Japanese history book "The History of the Gathering of Nations", in April of the sixth year of Hong Ren (8 15), when Emperor Wei Xiao visited Shiga Hanqi in Jiangguo, he accepted the fried tea offered by Yong Zhong, and tea began to appear in the official history of Japan. In the following 300 years, drinking tea in Japan was also a flash in the pan, and then quietly disappeared. It was not until 1 19 1, when Ronghe returned from China, that he brought the tea seeds back to Japan and planted them in Beizhen Mountain in the county. 1207, tea seeds presented by Ronghe merchants in Minghui period were planted in Gaozan Temple in the last year, and the custom of drinking tea gradually became popular among monks.
12 14, General Mizuno suffered from a headache due to drunkenness in March, which could not be cured for a long time. Finally, he drank the tea and gave it to him, and finally he was cured. Monk Rong also presented their book "Drinking Tea for Health" to the general, taking this opportunity to publicize the benefits of tea and the benefits of drinking tea. Since then, tea has become popular among scholars and soldiers. Japanese tea culture before Japanese tea ceremony is called the pre-history of Japanese tea ceremony. The real Japanese tea ceremony was not completed until the end of 15 and the beginning of 16 by Zhuguang Murata and Morino Rixiong. Murata Zhuguang is not only a monk, but also the first person to inject ideas into Japanese tea ceremony, so he is called the ancestor of Japanese tea ceremony. Later, Takeno Shaoou, Morino Riefu and others gradually formulated more detailed and systematic specifications. Morino Rixiong is considered a master of tea ceremony.
Tea culture in China comes from the daily customs of ordinary people, while in Japan, on the contrary, tea drinking culture takes a top-down road, just like the capitalist reform in Meiji period. When tea was first introduced to Japan, it was completely a luxury, and only the royal family, nobles and a few senior monks could enjoy it. Tea ceremony is regarded as an elegant and advanced culture limited to the royal family, and its content and form were strongly imitated by the Tang Dynasty. Since the Kamakura era, it has become more and more common to regard tea as a panacea under the influence of eating tea for health preservation. The rapid development of tea planting has also created favorable conditions for tea to enter civilian families. During this period, tea drinking activities began to spread to the people centered on temples.
The development of Japanese tea culture Tea was first introduced to Japan in Nara era, and was brought there by the envoys of the Tang Dynasty (that is, the messengers who studied the culture of the Central Plains). However, it took hundreds of years for Japan to evolve its own characteristic gentle wind tea ceremony from the tea customs in the Central Plains.
/kloc-At the end of 0/5th century, Zhuguang Murata, who was a tea man in Ashikaga Yoshimasa, absorbed the tea ceremony of Zen Temple, put simplicity first, abandoned the practice of blindly advocating porcelain and tea sets and pursuing luxury, and founded the Zen tea ceremony. After the perfection of Takeno Shaoou and others, the authentic Japanese tea ceremony was finally established by Morino Masajiro. Since then, tea drinking has developed from simple fun and entertainment to a cultural and artistic activity to express Japanese aesthetic taste and moral concepts. Since16th century, this school has evolved into? Li Qianjia? 、? See thousands? And then what? There are thousands of soldiers on the road? Of course, there are many schools of tea ceremony in Japan, but the tea ceremony ideas expressed by different schools are similar. Japanese tea ceremony originated in China, but it has local customs of the Japanese nation. It has its own formation, development process and unique connotation.
Where is the Japanese tea ceremony? Daily tea and rice? On the basis of this, it has developed into a comprehensive cultural and artistic activity, integrating daily life behavior with religion, philosophy, ethics and aesthetics. It is not only material enjoyment, but also learning tea ceremony through tea party, cultivating temperament and cultivating people's aesthetic and moral concepts. As Zhong Fu Sen Tian said:? Tea ceremony has evolved from simple fun, entertainment and recreation to the norms and ideals of Japanese daily life culture. ? /kloc-At the end of 0/6th century, Morino Rixiong inherited and absorbed the spirit of tea ceremony in previous dynasties and founded authentic Japanese tea ceremony. He is a master of tea ceremony. By analyzing the spirit of Li Xiu tea ceremony, we can learn something about Japanese tea ceremony.
Zhuguang Murata once put forward? To be quiet? For the spirit of tea ceremony, Mori no Rikyū only changed one word, to? And respect and silence? The four words are for the purpose, concise and rich in connotation. ? Quiet? Writing, too silent? . It refers to aesthetics. What is the concrete expression of this aesthetic feeling? Hey? In terms of language. ? Hey? Original? Lonely? 、? Poverty? 、? Poor? 、? It means depressed. In peacetime? Who are you? This word refers to those who are frustrated, down-and-out, depressed and lonely. To the end of peace, hey? What does it mean to evolve into? Silence? 、? Leisure? Meaning, became a beautiful consciousness that some people appreciated at that time. This aesthetic feeling has social and historical reasons and ideological roots: from the end of Heian to the Kamakura era, Japanese society was in a period of turmoil and reorganization. The former dominant aristocrats lost their power and the emerging samurai class stepped onto the political stage. The aristocrats who lost heaven felt impermanent and pessimistic, so the pure land Sect of Buddhism came into being. Frustrated monks regarded the society as filthy at that time and called on the people? Tired of leaving filth and longing for pure land? . Under the influence of this thought, many noble literati ran away from home, or lived in seclusion in the mountains, or wandered in the wilderness, built thatched cottages in Shan Ye, and lived in seclusion, creating the so-called? Cao An literature? In this way, I can express my nostalgia for the past and ease my anger. This kind of literature is gloomy in tone and style? Mysterious? .
In the Muromachi era, commercial economy developed, competition was fierce, commercial activities were busy, and the city was luxurious and noisy. Many people hate this kind of life and pursue it? Hey? Aesthetic consciousness, find a secluded place in the suburbs or cities, live a secluded life, enjoy a little rustic pastoral life, seek spiritual comfort, and take cold, quiet and leisure as beauty. Did Zhuguang Murata, a tea man, and others introduce this aesthetic feeling? Tea soup? Come on, make trouble? Quiet? The beautiful scenery is widely circulated.
What is the name of the tea ceremony? Tea? ,? Hey? what's up Quiet? 、? Idle silence? Meaning of. Invite some friends, sit in a quiet teahouse, chat while drinking tea, be indifferent to the world, be carefree, cultivate one's morality, purify one's mind and have a beautiful artistic conception. Sen doesn't have Rikyū? Tea Zen blindly? 、? Tea is Zen? Opinion is the true meaning of tea ceremony.
And then what? He Jing? This ethical concept is a moral concept derived from the possession of goods in the Tang Dynasty. Since the Kamakura era, a large number of Tang Song products have been shipped to Japan. Especially tea sets and works of art, add luster to the Japanese tea party. However, there has also been a trend of extravagance, blindly advocating Tang things and despising Japanese tea parties. Zhuguang Murata, Takeno and other young men are keen on the art of tea ceremony, opposing extravagance and luxuries, and advocating poverty and simplicity. They think that the black pottery made in China is dark in color and has its simple and quiet beauty. Treating guests sincerely with this simple tea set has both aesthetic interest and moral cultivation.
The tea ceremony in Japan has complicated procedures, such as carefully grinding tea leaves, cleaning tea sets, and choosing flower arrangements according to the season and the prestige, status, qualifications, age and cultural education of the guests. The host's movements should be standardized and agile, with a sense of rhythm and elegance like a dance, and be accurate. These are all respects for the guests. Peace and respect? The spirit of.
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Japanese tea ceremony, with? Harmony, respect, purity and silence? The word "four" has become a cultural and artistic activity integrating religion, philosophy, ethics and aesthetics.
Mori no Rikyū made it clear? Harmony, respect, purity and silence? The basic spirit of Japanese tea ceremony is to ask people to reflect on themselves and communicate with each other by drinking tea in teahouses, so as to get rid of their inner dirt and bad feelings in silence, thus achieving the purpose of peace and respect.