(1) saprophytic. The edible fungi that absorb nutrients from animal and plant carcasses or inanimate organic matter are saprophytes. Most edible fungi are saprophytic and play an important role in the decomposition and transformation of organic matter in nature.
Saprophytic organisms include specific saprophytes dominated by parasitism and facultative saprophytes. Most bacteria, actinomycetes, yeasts, molds and edible fungi are saprophytic. Saprophytic bacteria are easy to cultivate, and all edible fungi that can be cultivated artificially at present are saprophytic bacteria.
(2) parasitism. Edible fungi that live in or on the body surface of a host and absorb nutrients from living host cells for growth and reproduction are parasitic bacteria. In edible fungi, transmissible parasitism that can only be parasitic on living hosts is very rare, and most of them are facultative parasitism or facultative saprophytic, mainly saprophytic, facultative parasitism is facultative parasitism, mainly parasitic, and facultative saprophytic is facultative saprophytic. The typical representative of idiosyncratic parasitism is Pleurotus ostreatus, which parasitizes on the fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus and produces its own fruiting body on the fruiting body of the host, forming the phenomenon of "mushroom on mushroom", also known as mushroom parasitic fungus. The typical representative of facultative parasite is Armillaria mellea. Armillaria mellea can live saprophytically in the dead parts of trees. Once it enters the living cells of xylem, it becomes a host life, often growing at the base and roots of conifers or broad-leaved trees.
(3) symbiosis. Bacteria that live with corresponding organisms and form a mutually beneficial and interdependent relationship are symbiotic bacteria. There is a symbiotic relationship between edible fungi and some plants, animals and fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi are typical representatives of symbiosis between edible fungi and plants; Compound of mycorrhiza, edible fungus mycelium and plant root system. Mycorrhiza can secrete growth hormones such as indoleacetic acid to stimulate the growth of plant roots, mycelium can also help plants absorb water and inorganic salts, and mycorrhiza plants provide photosynthetic carbohydrates to mycorrhiza fungi. Many species of Trametes, Boletus, Tricholoma, Russula and Amanitaceae, such as Tricholoma matsutake, Lactarius, Russula gigantea and Boletus edulis, are the most common mycorrhizal fungi in China.