Autumn is a fruitful season. Although autumn is crisp and the climate is suitable for people, autumn is a season when the sun disappears and the yin disappears for a long time. It's hot in beginning of autumn, the sun is like fire in autumn, and the temperature is high. In addition, it is rainy and humid, and the weather is characterized by hot and humid. Therefore, it is called "autumn tiger". Many people who are weak are prone to catch cold and relapse because they can't adapt to climate change. How to spend the "eventful autumn" safely and do a good job in autumn health care? We interviewed Professor Li Diangui, the president of Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and a famous Chinese medicine expert. Professor Li Diangui introduced that after entering the autumn, from the perspective of correspondence between man and nature, the lung belongs to gold, corresponding to autumn qi, and the lung governs the breath, so it is a worry. People with lung-qi deficiency are sensitive to the climate change in autumn, especially some middle-aged and elderly people witness the autumn wind and cold rain in late autumn, white birch withers and everything is depressed, which makes people feel sad, desolate and lifeless and prone to depression. Professor Li also quoted ". "Four Qi Tunes the Spirit" said: "Calm the mind to slow down the autumn punishment. Convergence calms autumn. He said that for middle-aged and elderly people, if they want to be "free from all diseases", they must be "unintentional", cultivate optimistic, cheerful, tolerant, open-minded, indifferent and peaceful characters, collect their own spirit, and maintain inner peace, which can slow down the impact of cold air on the spirit in autumn and adapt to autumn. It is suggested that the elderly should often go outdoors to enjoy autumn scenery. autumn scenery is better than the Spring Dynasty and enjoy the beauty of nature. The ancients said, "Spring covers the autumn, and there are no miscellaneous diseases.". Professor Li's introduction of this proverb conforms to the way of keeping in good health in autumn, and also reminds everyone to have a correct understanding of "autumn freezing" and understand its essence scientifically. After beginning of autumn, the influence of cold air will be gradually strengthened, activities will tend to be frequent, the temperature will drop obviously, the temperature difference between day and night will increase, and "one autumn rain and one cold" will appear. From the perspective of disease prevention and health care, we should prevent "cold", pay attention to strengthening cold-proof exercise and improve cold-proof ability, so as to adapt to strong cold air and the climate environment when winter comes, and avoid inducing or aggravating diseases due to meteorological reasons, such as influenza, tracheitis, pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis and various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Professor Li reminded everyone not to wear clothes and trousers immediately when the temperature drops slightly, but to wear clothes as late as possible, short-sleeved shirts and long sleeves as far as possible; You can wear light clothes and try not to wear coats. But there must be a limit to everything, and "thin clothes to keep out the cold" can't go too far. In late autumn, the weather changes suddenly, the temperature drops obviously, and it is raining heavily. Moreover, it is thin clothes and trousers, which are very vulnerable to the stimulation of cold, leading to the decline of the body's immunity and causing diseases such as colds, especially middle-aged and elderly people with chronic bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and so on. If you don't pay attention to the weather changes and keep warm, once you catch a cold, it will easily lead to the recurrence of old diseases. Cold stimulation can reduce the elasticity of blood vessels on the body surface, increase the peripheral resistance, excite sympathetic nerves and increase the secretion of adrenocortical hormone, which leads to the contraction of arterioles and the increase of blood pressure, and is prone to cerebral vascular rupture and bleeding. Cold stimulation can also increase blood fibrin concentration and blood viscosity, leading to thrombosis and endangering life and health. Therefore, it is wise to adapt to the climate change in autumn, increase or decrease clothes in time, and achieve "autumn freezing" in harmony with climate change. After beginning of autumn, the weather became cold and the climate was dry. After summer, people feel that all organizations are short of water. If you catch cold at this time, it will easily cause headaches, tears, dry throat, stuffy nose, cough, stomach pain, diarrhea and other diseases, so you should pay attention to nursing in autumn. Professor Li listed some health preservation methods for your reference: First, the diet is nursed back to health, and "refreshing" is the best. It is easy to hurt body fluids in autumn, so you should drink more boiled water and eat more foods that moisten the lungs, promote fluid production, nourish yin and clear dryness, such as radish, tomato, tofu, tremella, pear, persimmon and banana. In late autumn, people's essence begins to be sealed, and nourishing food is easily digested, absorbed and stored by the body, which is conducive to improving organ function and enhancing people's physique. At this time, you can eat more chicken, duck, beef, pork liver, fish, lotus seeds and jujube. Second, breathe frequently, prevent dryness and protect health. Traditional Chinese medicine is known as "kidney fluid is saliva", and it is believed that the profit and loss of saliva is closely related to the rise and fall of kidney. So you should always do spring washing, that is, after washing every morning, close your eyes and sit quietly in a quiet room for a while. Knock your teeth 36 times first, and then stir them in your mouth with your tongue. When your mouth is full of saliva, rinse it several times, swallow it three times, and then send it to your abdomen with your mind. Then exhale slowly from your mouth. When exhaling, your lips will open slightly, but don't make a sound. Repeating this for 36 times is of great benefit to prevent autumn dryness. 3. strengthen exercise. The temperature changes greatly in autumn, and the temperature difference between morning and evening is great. People with good constitution should wear light clothes, and don't add clothes suddenly. They should get some cold and cool to gradually enhance their cold resistance. People with weak resistance should gradually increase their clothes, and must not be too much or too little to prevent the cold from invading and inducing new diseases. In addition, according to personal hobbies and interests, we should choose appropriate sports to improve lung function and body's tolerance to cold air in autumn. 4. Eat more fruits. Autumn is the time when all kinds of fruits are on the market, and these fruits have certain curative effects on different diseases because of their different components. Therefore, "eating fruit for the symptoms" will have certain benefits for the recovery of its disease. The following introduces the curative effect of some common fruits. Pear: Known as the "Sect of Hundred Fruits", it is sweet and cold. Raw food has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting fluid production and moistening dryness, and clearing away heart fire. Decocting with water or adding honey to boil ointment has the effects of clearing away heat and moistening lung, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. Apple: It tastes sweet and cold. Raw food or ointment has the effects of nourishing spleen and stomach yin, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, moistening lung and pleasing heart. Persimmon: sweet and astringent, cold in nature. Red, soft and ripe persimmons have the functions of clearing away lung and stomach heat, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. Raw food also has the effects of moistening lung, resolving phlegm, relieving cough and detoxifying. Pomegranate: sweet, sour, astringent and warm, it has a strong astringent effect on TCM treatment of dry throat, thirst, red and white diarrhea, abdominal pain, prostration, nocturnal emission, proctoptosis and so on. Chestnut: sweet and warm, enters the spleen, stomach and kidney. Has the effects of nourishing stomach, invigorating spleen, tonifying kidney, strengthening waist, strengthening tendons, promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding and relieving swelling. Unsaturated fatty acids contained in chestnuts also have the function of resisting hypertension, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis and other diseases. Kiwifruit: sour in nature, sweet and cold in taste, rational in qi, promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, and clearing away heat and annoyance. Citrus: it is cool, sweet and sour, and has the effects of appetizing and strengthening the spleen, quenching thirst and promoting fluid production. Its fruit, nucleus, leaves, collaterals and roots can all be used as medicine. Olive: sweet and sour, flat. Chewing juice with fresh olives in your mouth has the functions of diligent swallowing, resolving phlegm and promoting digestion, stimulating appetite, relieving qi, detoxifying and promoting fluid production. Grapefruit: sweet and sour, cold in nature. Its fruit juice has the functions of regulating stomach, resolving stagnation, promoting salivation, quenching thirst, promoting digestion and relieving hangover. Hawthorn: Sweet and slightly warm, it has a good appetizing and digestion promoting effect. It can also lower blood pressure and blood lipid, soften blood vessels, promote blood circulation and dredge veins. Jujube: Sweet in taste and warm in nature, it is a good product for nourishing the middle energizer, nourishing blood and calming the nerves.