The integrity or continuity of bones is interrupted or destroyed. Traumatic fracture is caused by trauma; Pathological fracture occurs in the original bone diseases (tumor, inflammation, etc. ). The fracture end is an open fracture that communicates with the outside world, and the one that does not communicate with the outside world is a closed fracture. In addition, other classifications can be made according to the degree, stability and time after fracture. Pain, tenderness, swelling, blood stasis, deformity, limited movement, longitudinal tapping pain and abnormal movement often occur in the local area after fracture. Diagnosis can generally be made based on this. Of course, if a fracture damages blood vessels and nerves, there will be corresponding manifestations, so pay attention to whether other organs are damaged at the same time. X-ray examination is necessary in order to diagnose and further understand the location and type of fracture and guide treatment. Usually, after proper treatment, such as reduction and fixation, the fracture can heal itself after a period of time, and the blood supply is good. Correct on-site first aid and safe transport of fractures are important measures to alleviate patients' pain and prevent re-injury or pollution, among which correct fixation is the most important.
The diet of patients with open fractures should pay special attention to the following two points:
(1) Never blindly supplement calcium: calcium is an important raw material for bones. Some people think that calcium supplementation after fracture can accelerate fracture healing. However, scientific research has found that increasing calcium intake can not accelerate fracture healing, and there is a potential danger of increasing blood calcium and decreasing blood phosphorus for fracture patients who have been in bed for a long time. This is the result of long-term bed rest, on the one hand, it inhibits the absorption and utilization of calcium, on the other hand, it increases the reabsorption of calcium by renal tubules. Therefore, for patients with fractures, there is no calcium deficiency in the body. As long as we strengthen functional exercise and exercise as soon as possible according to the condition and the doctor's instructions, we can promote the absorption and utilization of calcium by bones and accelerate the healing of fractures. Especially for patients lying in bed after fracture, blindly supplementing calcium is not only useless, but also harmful.
(2) Avoid eating more meat and bones: Some people think that eating more meat and bones after a fracture can make the fracture heal as soon as possible. Actually, it's not. Modern medicine has repeatedly proved that patients with fractures who eat more meat and bones will not heal early, but will delay the healing time of fractures. The reason is that bone regeneration after injury mainly depends on the action of periosteum and bone marrow, and it can play a better role only when bone collagen is increased, while the components of meat and bone are mainly phosphorus and calcium. If a large amount of intake after fracture, it will promote the increase of inorganic components in bone, leading to imbalance of organic matter in bone, so it will hinder the early healing of fracture. However, fresh meat and bone soup is delicious and has the effect of stimulating appetite. It doesn't matter if you eat less.
Food after fracture:
In order to promote fracture healing, the diet of fracture patients can be matched with different foods according to the early, middle and late stages of fracture healing and the development of the disease, so as to promote hematoma absorption or callus formation.
Early stage (1 ~ 2 weeks): the wound is swollen with blood stasis, the meridians are blocked, and qi and blood are blocked. At present, the treatment is mainly to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Chinese medicine believes that "blood stasis does not disperse, bones do not grow" and "blood stasis produces new bones". It can be seen that detumescence and blood circulation are the most important factors for fracture healing. In principle, the diet is light, such as vegetables, eggs, bean products, fruits, fish soup and lean meat. Don't eat sour, hot and greasy, especially don't eat greasy and nourishing products too early, such as bone soup, fat chicken and stewed fish. Otherwise, blood stasis will be stagnant and difficult to dissipate, which will delay the course of disease, slow down the growth of callus and affect the recovery of joint function in the future. At this stage, the diet can be stewed with Panax Notoginseng 10g, Angelica sinensis 10g, meat pigeon 1g and * * * until cooked, and the soup and meat go hand in hand, once a day for 7 ~ 1 0 days.
Mid-term (2 ~ 4 weeks): blood stasis and swelling are partially absorbed. The treatment at this stage is mainly to relieve pain, remove blood stasis, promote tissue regeneration, set bones and continue tendons. The diet changed from light to high nutrition to meet the needs of callus growth. Bone soup, Tianqi braised chicken and animal liver can be added to the initial diet to supplement more vitamins A, D, calcium and protein. Dietotherapy can use Angelica sinensis 10g, Rhizoma Drynariae 15g, Radix Dipsaci 10g, fresh pork chop or beef sparerib 250g, stew for more than 1h, and add soup meat for 2 weeks.
Late stage (more than 5 weeks): 5 weeks after injury, the congestion and swelling at the fracture site are basically absorbed, and callus has begun to grow, which is the late stage of fracture. Treatment should be supplemented by nourishing liver and kidney, qi and blood, promoting the formation of firmer callus, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, making the adjacent joints of fracture move freely and restoring their former functions. Taboo can be lifted in diet, and recipes can be supplemented with old hen soup, pig bone soup, sheep bone soup, stewed water fish and so on. You can choose Eucommia ulmoides wine, Spatholobus suberectus wine, Tiger Bone papaya wine, etc. Dietetic therapy can use Lycium barbarum 10g, Rhizoma Drynariae 10g, Radix Dipsaci 10g and Coicis Semen 50g. Stir-fry Rhizoma Drynariae and Radix Dipsaci to remove residue, and then add two other ingredients to cook porridge. Daily 1 time, 7 days as 1 course of treatment, 3-5 days after each 1 course of treatment, 3-4 courses of treatment.
How to edit this paragraph to adjust the diet of fracture patients?
Most fracture patients often have poor appetite and don't want to eat. Elderly patients, people with weak constitution or poor psychological endurance are more likely to occur, especially in a short time after injury or surgery. On the basis of psychological care, more efforts should be made in diet. Rich in nutrition, good in color, smell and taste, and can stimulate appetite. Feed those who have difficulty in moving their arms. Eat more vegetables rich in vitamin C, such as pepper, tomato, amaranth, green vegetables, cabbage, radish, etc., to promote callus growth and wound healing.
According to research, patients with fracture may need to supplement trace elements such as zinc, iron and manganese.
Animal liver, seafood, soybeans, sunflower seeds and mushrooms contain high zinc content; Animal liver, eggs, beans, green leafy vegetables, wheat and bread contain more iron. Cereals, mustard, egg yolk and cheese contain more manganese. One thing is certain, the elderly have fractures due to osteoporosis. While treating fractures, they must actively supplement calcium and vitamin D to assist absorption.
Patients with fractures often have constipation, especially those in bed. It is advisable to eat more vegetables containing more cellulose and eat some foods such as bananas and honey to promote defecation. Take laxatives if necessary, such as Maren Pill 6-9g,/kloc-0 once or twice a day; Or liquid paraffin 20-30ml, every night 1 time. Bedridden patients are prone to urinary tract infections and urinary calculi, so they should drink plenty of water for diuresis. There is no special restriction on the diet of fracture patients, that is, they don't smoke. Smoking will affect fracture healing. To understand the growth of new bone in patients with fracture after operation through X-ray monitoring. The results show that smokers grow 65438 0 cm of new bone every 2.5 days on average. Nine for eight months, while non-smokers only need two. 32 months, it takes about 2 months for quitters. 72 months.