The definition of tea ceremony
(1) Tea Ceremony: Diamond believes that tea ceremony is a life direction or method endowed by expressing the theme of tea, and it also indicates the humanistic thought or philosophy that people practice in the process of tea tasting.
(2) Tea Ceremony: Wu Juenong thinks that tea ceremony is a precious and noble drink, because tea is a kind of spiritual enjoyment, an art, or a means of self-cultivation.
(3) Tea Ceremony: Mr. Zhuang Wanfang believes that tea ceremony is a ceremony to educate people on etiquette and morality through drinking tea.
(4) Tea Ceremony: Zhou Zuoren believes that the significance of the tea ceremony, in ordinary words, can be called taking a little time from his busy schedule, enjoying a little beauty and harmony in an incomplete reality, and experiencing it forever in an instant.
(5) Tea Ceremony: Liu believes that tea ceremony refers to the method and artistic conception of tea tasting.
(6) Tea Ceremony: Tanikawa Sanji of Japan believes that tea ceremony is an art performed by body movements. It includes four factors: artistic factors, social factors, etiquette factors and practical factors.
(7) Tea Ceremony: Japanese Kumatsu Machi believes that tea ceremony culture is a comprehensive cultural system with tea as an opportunity, which is comprehensive, unified and inclusive. Among them are art, morality, philosophy, religion and culture.
(8) Tea Ceremony: Japanese Kumara believes that the tea ceremony is an indoor art, and its artistic ability is a unique artistic group of humanistic culture. By cultivating the human body, it can achieve the purpose of cultivating sentiment and perfecting personality.
Tea Ceremony: Emei Tea Ceremony believes that tea ceremony is a spatial concept integrating heaven, earth, mountains and rivers and humanistic thoughts. As a result of tea, a kind of life rhythm is formed, which is characterized by learning on the basis of form and does not need the special performance of other people's skills or techniques. It is a kind of ideological thinking and feeling.
(10) Tea Ceremony: Japanese tea ceremony believes that tea ceremony requires people to reflect on themselves and communicate with each other through silence in the process of drinking tea in teahouses, so as to get rid of inner dirt and mutual boredom in silence, so as to achieve the purpose of harmony and respect.
(1 1) Tea Ceremony: Most tea people in China believe that tea ceremony is a life etiquette with tea as the medium, and it is a way of self-cultivation. By choosing tea, water, utensils, environment, people, making tea, drinking tea and talking about tea, it can be used to enhance friendship, cultivate body and mind and learn manners from each other. Achieve the philosophical space of meditation, meditation, meditation and desire in tea tasting.
The History of Tea Ceremony in China
Tea ceremony is an art of drinking tea for the purpose of practice and enlightenment, and it is the unity of drinking tea and drinking tea. Tea ceremony includes four elements: tea ceremony, tea ceremony, tea environment and cultivation. The so-called tea art refers to a set of skills of preparing utensils, choosing water, taking fire, waiting for soup and learning tea; The so-called tea ceremony refers to the etiquette and rules in tea activities; The so-called tea scene refers to the place, environment and so-called cultivation of tea activities, and refers to the cultivation and enlightenment of nature through tea activities.
As the highest category of China's philosophy, Tao generally refers to the laws of the universe, the ultimate truth, the general laws of the movement of things, and the essence or origin of all things. Taoism includes Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and different schools. The mainstream of China culture is "Confucianism and Taoism complement each other", and [Sui and Tang Dynasties] declined to "the integration of the three religions". Ordinary literati often practice Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Even Taoists and Buddhists often bypass Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. The most widely spread and China-featured school of Zen absorbed some thoughts of Laozi, Zhuangzi, Confucius and Mencius. A major feature of Buddhism in the Song and Yuan Dynasties [Ming and Qing Dynasties] was the integration of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties accepted both Taoism and Buddhism, and there was a saying that "Zhu Zi Taoism and Lu Zi Zen". Wang Zhongyang, the founder of Taoism Quanzhen School in Jin and Yuan Dynasties, strongly advocated "the integration of the three religions". His poem says: "Confucianism and Buddhism are interlinked, and the three religions have always been one ancestor", "Buddhism and Taoism have always been one family, and there is no difference between the two".
What do you do in the tea ceremony? It can be Confucianism, Taoism, Taoism, Zen and Buddhism, which varies from person to person. Generally speaking, the way of tea ceremony practice is to synthesize the ways of various schools. In a word, the ideal pursuit of monasticism is health, pleasure, cultivation and enlightenment. It is the ideal result of monasticism, the ultimate pursuit of tea ceremony and the highest realm of life. Prove that Tao is the unity of heaven and man, that is, the heart is the Tao, heaven and earth coexist with me, everything is one with me, the doctrine of the mean is extremely clear, and nothing can be done.
Looking at the history of tea drinking in China, we can see that there are four ways to drink tea: boiling, frying, lighting and soaking. Tea art is formed by frying, lighting and making tea. As far as tea art is concerned, China Tea Ceremony has successively produced three forms: frying tea ceremony, lighting tea ceremony and making tea.
Tea art is the foundation of tea ceremony, and the formation of tea ceremony must be after the popularization of tea drinking and the perfection of tea art [before Tang Dynasty], although there was tea drinking, it was not universal. Although the tea art in the Eastern Jin Dynasty has a rudiment (see Du Yu's Fu), it is far from perfect. Jin and Song Dynasties reached the peak of Tang Dynasty, which was the gestation period of China Tea Ceremony.
After the mid-Tang Dynasty, China people almost became a custom to drink tea, forming "drinking at home" and "starting in the middle and flowing beyond the Great Wall". During the period of Su Zong and Dai Zong in Tang Dynasty, Lu Yu wrote the Tea Classics, which laid the foundation of China Tea Ceremony. After Jiao Ran, Chang and others practiced, polished and perfected, the "Fried Tea Ceremony" was formed. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Cai Xiang wrote Tea Classics and Hui Zong wrote Daguan Tea Theory, which formed the "tea ceremony". In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Bird wrote the Book of Tea and Xu Cishu wrote the Book of Tea, which marked the birth of the "Road to Tea Making".
In ancient China, there was no monograph on tea ceremony, but the contents of tea ceremony were scattered in various tea books and tea poems and paintings. The following is the vein of the formation and development of China Tea Ceremony found by the author from ancient tea books and poems.