1, comfortable and livable room type standard
1, room temperature: 20℃
It is found that constant room temperature is of great significance to health. Zhang, a professor of health care at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, told reporters that the room temperature around 20℃ is the most comfortable. This temperature is conducive to the body to emit excess heat. If the room temperature exceeds 25℃, the human body will begin to absorb heat from the outside and feel the heat. If the room temperature exceeds 35℃, the sweat glands of the human body will start, and the body will emit heat through sweating, resulting in uncomfortable feelings such as accelerated heartbeat, accelerated blood circulation, dizziness and fatigue. On the contrary, when the temperature is 8℃~ 18℃, the human body will radiate heat; When the room temperature is below 4℃, you will feel cold.
At the same time, 20℃ is also the best sleeping temperature. When the room temperature is above 24℃, sleep will become shallow, and the number of body movements and waking turns (waking turns) will increase during sleep. Sleep temperature is below 18℃, so it is not easy to enter deep sleep.
2. Humidity: 40%
The north has entered the winter heating period, and the indoor warmth is slightly dry. A study by the Department of Health, Environment and Medicine of Nagoya University in Japan found that the frequent occurrence of influenza is closely related to the low air humidity. Guangsheng Song, director of the National Indoor Interior Environment and Indoor Environmental Protection Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, said that when the indoor air humidity is lower than 40%, dust, bacteria, etc. can easily attach to mucous membranes, irritate the throat, cause cough, and easily induce respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and asthma.
But too much humidity is bad for your health, and people may feel sick, lose appetite, be agitated, tired and dizzy. A study by the University of Otago in New Zealand found that living in a damp and moldy room also increases the risk of allergic diseases such as asthma and eczema. In high humidity environment, mold and so on are also easier to breed.
Guangsheng Song said that according to China's indoor air standards, indoor humidity should be 40%~80% in summer and 30%~60% in winter. The suitable indoor humidity for the elderly and children is 45%~50%, and for patients with respiratory diseases such as asthma is 40%~50%. The outdoor humidity is high in summer rainy days in the south, so the window opening time should be reduced; When the weather is fine, open more windows to ventilate and disperse dampness; You can put some moisture absorption boxes or desiccant in the wardrobe and cupboard. The air in the north is dry in winter, so you can use a humidifier, sprinkle some water indoors or mop the floor twice a day. It should be noted that if a humidifier is used, it is best to use pure water, and the machine should be cleaned and disinfected regularly.
3. Ventilation: guarantee half an hour every day.
In life, "waste gas" is produced indoors all the time: the garbage in the kitchen, bathroom and trash can will produce air pollution overnight; Carpets and bedding pillows that are not cleaned for a long time are easy to breed mites; There is too much dust on the top of bookshelves and furniture, which aggravates the pollution of floating objects in the air. Especially after the heating period in the north, many people close their windows at home and are afraid of cold air coming in. Indoor air circulation is not smooth, and many people's physical resistance begins to decline, and they are frequently "attacked" by diseases.
Guangsheng Song said that ventilation is an effective way to improve indoor air. The best ventilation time is 9:00- 1 1:00, 14- 15:00 every day, which can ventilate the kitchen, bathroom and living room for half an hour. If you encounter smog, try to open the window as little as possible, and use the air purifier and humidifier together. A range hood with good purification effect should be installed in the kitchen to minimize frying with heavy oil smoke pollution, and do not smoke indoors. In addition, dust is removed regularly every half month or one month to reduce harmful particles in the air. It should also be reminded that the ventilation effect of some high-rise buildings is poor, and the window opening time should be relatively extended.
4. Lighting brightness: no more than 90%
When most families choose and use lamps, they only pay attention to appearance, energy saving and electricity saving, and often ignore the standards related to healthy lighting environment such as illuminance and color temperature of lamps.
Wei Wu, a senior expert designer of Dongyi Risheng Original International Villa Design Center, told the reporter that too many and too bright lamps in the house not only waste resources, but also cause great irritation to the eyes and easily cause emotional irritability. The function of each space in the home is different, and the requirements for light intensity are different. Generally speaking, the brightness of living room, study room, dining room and other spaces is stronger than that of bedroom and kitchen, which is more in line with the law of human work and rest. Indoor light should be kept as soft and uniform as possible, without glare and shadow. The brightness of the adjustable light source should be controlled between 60% and 80%, and the maximum brightness should not exceed 90%.
In addition, in terms of color, colorful rotating lanterns should be avoided. In the living room, study and kitchen, it is best to choose cool color, that is, white light, as the main headlight for lighting; Bedrooms, bathrooms and balconies should use warm yellow light sources. For local lighting, use a desk lamp with good shading to block more infrared radiation contained in such light sources. Install mirrors, glass and other ornaments on the wall as little as possible. Finally, whether in the office or at home, try to use incandescent lamps instead of fluorescent lamps. The latter's ultraviolet and blue light can cause damage to the skin and retina.
5, green plants: 10 square meter put two pots.
Placing green plants at home can not only purify the air, increase the oxygen content, but also relieve the tension. A study by the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom found that placing potted plants in the workplace can improve the psychological comfort of employees and the business performance of enterprises, and also reduce the chances of employees changing jobs.
Guangsheng Song said that plants should be selected and placed according to the size of the room. Balcony, lobby and other sunny places are suitable for placing green plants. Generally speaking, it is more appropriate to put two pots of plants with a height of 10 square meter in a room with a height of10 meter. Putting green plants by the window can not only absorb dust, purify the air, prevent dryness, but also effectively reduce noise pollution. The first choice is large and leafy, such as golden diamond, green radish, evergreen, green overlord and so on.
Because of photosynthesis, green plants absorb carbon dioxide during the day, but at night, they will compete with people for oxygen and release pollutants such as carbon dioxide. So it is best not to enlarge the potted plants in the bedroom. If they are released, they should be moved out at night to avoid insufficient oxygen supply and dizziness and difficulty breathing. It is best to choose smaller plants such as green radish and chlorophytum, not more than two or three pots.
6. Sunshine: at least 2 hours a day.
Sunlight is a necessary condition for life. Studies have found that indoor sunshine should not be less than 2 hours a day.
The Code for Planning and Design of Urban Residential Areas in People's Republic of China (PRC) also stipulates: "The sunshine standard for residential buildings in big cities is ≥2 hours in severe cold days and ≥ 1 hour in winter solstice. Buildings where the elderly live should be photographed in Hibika for no less than 2 hours in winter. " A well-lit room has a great influence on psychology and physiology, especially on the elderly and children. Zhang Long, secretary-general of the indoor and outdoor environmental design committee of Shanghai Architectural Society, said that children are in the stage of physical development, and ultraviolet rays in sunlight can help them synthesize calcium and strengthen their bones. Most elderly people have the problem of bone loss, and more sun exposure can prevent osteoporosis to some extent.
If the room is dark due to the orientation, the website of "Building Structure and Interior Design" in the United States suggests that the room can be spacious and bright by using colors. In the living room or bedroom, the walls should be painted with bright colors such as light blue or mint green, which can make the room look open and spacious.
2. Comfortable and livable room layout
1, blue is suitable for sleeping.
Try to choose blue as the main color of the bedroom. Blue can convey an elegant and quiet feeling, which is very conducive to relaxing and falling asleep as soon as possible. The Daily Mail published a survey on the influencing factors of sleep, and 2000 families participated in the survey. The results show that color has the most obvious influence on sleep duration, among which blue ranks first with the outstanding sleep duration of 7 hours and 52 minutes, which is called the most favorable color for sleep.
2, bedside table into a double pendulum
Jimmy Barrett, an American interior decoration expert, pointed out that it is best to put bedside tables, desk lamps and other items in pairs in the bedroom, which can add a sense of harmony to the bedroom and help people improve their sleep quality through psychological hints. From the perspective of geomantic omen in China, it is also suggested to put two bedside tables to make people feel balanced and have a good pleasure in pairs.
3. Strict selection of furniture materials
Don't just pay attention to the appearance of furniture, pay attention to the selection and quality of furniture. One of the hazards of interior decoration is that formaldehyde actually comes from various adhesives, so when choosing furniture, try to choose solid wood furniture. If you choose panel furniture, you should pay attention to the environmental protection grade of the panel. Generally speaking, E0 or E 1 grade materials meet environmental protection standards.
4. The mattress is soft and hard.
There are some misunderstandings here. People used to think that a very soft mattress has high comfort and is good for sleeping. Later, I felt that the hard bed had better support effect and was beneficial to the spine. In fact, these two statements are not completely accurate, because soft and hard have different standards for everyone. In fact, the right one is the best. Lying in bed, the mattress is not bad, and it can basically fit the body curve. This kind of bed suits you better.
5. The light in front of the window helps you sleep.
Too strong light in the bedroom will lead to the decrease of melatonin secreted by the human body, which will make the nerves more excited before going to bed, thus affecting the quality of sleep. It is suggested to match a lamp with weak light, which can not only illuminate before going to bed to prevent stumbling, but also create a dim and mild sleeping environment and urge people to fall asleep as soon as possible.
6. Use less big appliances
It is best to discharge less indoors, especially TV and computer. First, let the bedroom return to the rest function of the bedroom itself as much as possible. Second, prevent the electromagnetic waves emitted by these household appliances from affecting health. Of course, if you want to place it, it is ok to remember to turn off the power at night.
7. It is best to hang double curtains.
A thick layer of shading cloth prevents too much light from entering the room, which is very important for sleeping in and taking a nap; A layer of gauze mainly plays the role of shielding the line of sight and protecting privacy.
8, often open the window to help ventilation.
The best way to reduce indoor pollution is to open windows frequently to exchange fresh outdoor air with indoor air, thus diluting indoor volatile toxic gases and keeping the indoor gas environment fresh and clean.
9. Don't enlarge the potted plants.
Plants will absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide at night, which will affect people's sleeping environment and health. Sedum plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen at night, so some small plants of Sedum can be placed properly.
The details of the decoration of 9 villas in Chongming are introduced here, hoping to help everyone.