mulberry leaf

mulberry leaf

mulberry leaf

The source is the leaves of Mulberry, a Moraceae plant.

Plants are small trees or shrubs, up to 15m. Bark is grayish yellow or yellowish brown; Young branches are hairy. Leaves alternate, ovoid to broadly ovoid, 6 ~ 15 cm long and 4 ~ 12 cm wide. The tip is sharp or blunt, the base is round or nearly heart-shaped, the edge has coarse teeth, the tip is hairless and shiny, the bottom is green, the veins are sparse, and there are hairs between the veins; Petiole length 1 ~ 2.5 cm. Dioecious, the inflorescence of the bone flower is axillary; Male inflorescence caducous; The female inflorescence is 1 ~ 2 cm long, the style is inconspicuous or absent, and there are 2 stigmas. Chrysanthemum fruit is purple-black or white when it matures. The flowering period is April-May and the fruiting period is June-July.

Born in the mountains, born on the roadside. It is cultivated all over the country.

Collect the first frost, remove impurities and dry in the sun.

Most of the characters are shriveled and broken. Complete peduncle, leaves yellow-green or light yellow-brown, and some have small verrucous processes; The following table has light skin color, prominent veins, reticulation, sparse hairs on veins and tufts of hairs at the base of veins. Crispy. Slight breath, light taste, slightly bitter and slightly astringent.

Chemical constituents include inokosterone, ecdysterone, β-sterol, rutin, morocetin, isoquercitrin, umbelliferone, scopoletin, α-,β-hexenal (α-,β-

mulberry leaf

Bitter, slightly cold.

Function (1): Dispelling wind and clearing heat: used for wind-heat cold and red eyes, often used with chrysanthemum.

(2) Clearing liver and improving eyesight: used for wind-fire eye diseases (such as acute conjunctivitis). Sangma Pills made from black sesame seeds are used to treat dizziness caused by deficiency of liver yin and hyperactivity of liver yang.

Usage: 5 ~ 10g.

Mulberry leaves are the "food" of silkworms. As early as 3000 years ago, the words "mulberry" and "silkworm" appeared on the Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Shang Dynasty. Visible "mulberry" has a long history and is closely related to the development of China culture.

Increasing the yield of mulberry leaves is the basis of developing sericulture and silk industry, and managing mulberry fields is the basis of high yield of mulberry leaves. Chinese agronomists have conducted in-depth research on mulberry variety selection, mulberry fertilizer use, mulberry pest control and mulberry orchard management, and achieved fruitful results. There are more than 1000 mulberry varieties that have been collected and newly bred. For example, there are two mulberry varieties in Zhejiang and Jiangsu: Husang and Hawthorne. Hu Sang usually has thick and long branches, large leaf shape, late seedling hardening and strong adaptability, and most of them belong to mid-late maturity varieties. There are red-skinned fire mulberry and white-skinned fire mulberry, and their new shoots and tender leaves are purplish red, both of which belong to early-maturing varieties. There is Jiading mulberry in Leshan, southern Sichuan, with long branches and thin leaves and good quality. The branches of the crown mulberry in northeast Sichuan are thin and straight, and the skin color is blue-gray. There are lusang in Shandong, with short branches, dense nodes, early hardening and cold tolerance.

Excellent mulberry seedlings are the basis of high yield in mulberry fields. Breeding mulberry seedlings can be divided into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is reproduction with seeds; Asexual reproduction includes grafting, cutting and layering. Mulberry seedlings cultivated with seeds are called seedlings, and grown mulberries are called seedlings or wild mulberries. Zhejiang is called Cao Sang and Guangdong is called Jing Sang. Mulberry is a cross-pollinated plant, which is easy to cross naturally. Therefore, seedling mulberry has strong vitality, strong plasticity, developed root system, drought and barren resistance, tough wood and excellent wood, and its adaptability to environmental conditions is stronger than that of asexual seedlings. However, mulberry seedlings often have different characters. Most of them have small leaves, thin mesophyll, many flowers and many side branches. Most of the seedlings of mulberry seedlings are used as rootstocks for grafting, and a few are used for direct planting and cultivation of arbor mulberry.

Mulberry seedlings cultivated by grafting method are called grafted mulberry. Mulberry grafting is to transplant the branches or buds of one plant to the branches, stems or roots of another plant, so that it can heal into a new individual with the same growth and development. Branches or buds used for grafting are called scions or buds, and branches, stems or roots of grafted plants are called rootstocks. In production, branches or buds of excellent mulberry varieties are used as scions, and ordinary seedlings are used as rootstocks. The advantage of grafted mulberry is that it can not only maintain the excellent characteristics of grafted mulberry, but also enhance the vitality of the plant with the help of the developed root system of seedling mulberry. Therefore, grafting method is widely used in cultivating improved mulberry seedlings, changing varieties and rejuvenating old trees.

In addition, there are hybrid mulberry varieties with different genetic basis. Due to complementary genetic traits, strong heterosis, drought resistance and disease resistance, early germination, rapid maturity and large leaves, it is beneficial to increase silkworm rearing batches and increase cocoon production in the Pearl River Basin. Mulberry seedlings grow naturally according to their nature, and it is Joe Sang who only picks leaves without artificial pruning. Its small leaf shape, low yield and poor leaf quality can not meet the needs of sericulture production. But mulberry is widely distributed because of its developed roots and strong adaptability. Because its wood is light, tough and durable, it is often used to make farm tools and household appliances in rural areas of northern China.

After mulberry seedlings are planted, according to their variety characteristics, environmental conditions and production requirements, different tree types are cultivated by cutting techniques such as cutting, thinning buds, pruning and core picking, which is called the cultivation stage. According to the height of mulberry trunk, the tree shape is generally divided into high-Qian mulberry (above 150 cm), middle-dry mulberry (70~ 150 cm), low-dry mulberry (below 70cm) and ground mulberry (also known as dry mulberry and cut-off mulberry). The purpose of mulberry planting is to collect leaves and raise silkworms. Mulberry leaves are the vegetative organs of mulberry trees. While picking leaves, we should pay attention to raising trees in order to get more mulberry leaves next year or next year. There are three basic methods for picking leaves: picking leaves, picking buds and cutting strips. Leaf picking method is suitable for young silkworms or summer and autumn silkworms. Application of Bud Picking Method in Big Silkworm Stage: Slicing method is to cut mulberries into strips with strips and feed them directly to silkworms. In late autumn and early winter, cutting off the branches can reduce the freezing injury of mulberry trees and improve the germination rate and spring leaf yield.

Mulberry leaves should be properly sorted and cut before feeding to facilitate mulberry feeding. Selection of rotten leaves, stacking of leaves and weighing of mulberries are called mulberry adjustment. In the early stage of the third instar silkworm, in order to feed mulberry evenly and conveniently, mulberry leaves are generally cut into square leaves, roughly cut in the middle and late stage of the third instar, with leaves in the fourth instar, with new buds in the fifth instar, or with strips of mulberry.