As early as the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties (about the end of the 22nd century BC-256 BC), medicinal liquor and decoction appeared in China. The Book of Songs in the Western Zhou Dynasty (about 1 1 century-77 BC1years ago) is the earliest book with drugs in existing literature in China. Neijing is the earliest extant classic of Chinese medicine theory, which puts forward the theories of cold causing heat, heat causing cold, five flavors entering, and five internal organs suffering from deficiency, laying the foundation for the basic theory of Chinese medicine.
The earliest existing pharmaceutical monograph "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" was collected and summarized by many medical scientists during the Qin and Han Dynasties (2265438 BC+0-220 AD). This book contains 365 kinds of drugs that are still in clinical use. Its appearance marks the initial establishment of traditional Chinese medicine.
More than 3,000 years ago, in Oracle Bone Inscriptions during the Shang Dynasty, there were records about China's medical care and more than ten diseases. In the Zhou Dynasty, methods of diagnosis, medicine, acupuncture and surgery were used. A systematic work Huangdi Neijing was formed in Qin and Han Dynasties. This book is the earliest classic of TCM theory. Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases specifically discusses the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment of various miscellaneous diseases, which lays the foundation for the development of clinical medicine in later generations. Surgery in Han dynasty has reached a high level. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Hua Tuo, a famous doctor, has started to use Mafeisan in various surgical operations.
From Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 220-589) to Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties (AD 58 1-960), pulse diagnosis has made outstanding achievements. Wang Shuhe, a famous doctor in Jin Dynasty, summarized 24 kinds of pulse conditions in Pulse Classic. This book not only has a great influence on medicine in China, but also has spread abroad. During this period, the specialization of medical disciplines has matured. Acupuncture monographs include Acupuncture A&B Classics; Bao Puzi and Elbow Queen are the representative works of an alchemist. In pharmacy, there is the theory of Lei Gong's baking; Surgery has "Liu Gui Yi"; On the Origin of Disease and Syndrome is a monograph on etiology, and Cranial Meridian is a monograph on pediatrics. The newly revised Materia Medica is the first pharmacopoeia in the world. Ophthalmology monographs include Hai Yin Jingwei, etc. In addition, some large-scale prescriptions appeared in the Tang Dynasty, such as Sun Simiao's "Thousand Women" and Wang Tao's "The Secret of Outside Taiwan".
The economic prosperity in Tang Dynasty (6 18-907) promoted the development of traditional Chinese medicine. The Tang government took the lead in completing the compilation and revision of the world's first Pharmacopoeia-Tang Herbal Medicine. There are 850 kinds of drugs in the book, and the drug atlas is added, which further improves the scale pattern of traditional Chinese medicine.
In the Song Dynasty (960- 1279), acupuncture teaching was greatly reformed. Wang wrote "Illustration of Acupuncture at Tongren Point". Later, he designed and manufactured two acupuncture bronze figures of the same size for students to practice. This pioneering work has a great influence on the development of acupuncture in later generations. In the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368- 1644), a group of medical scientists proposed to separate typhoid fever, epidemic febrile diseases and epidemic febrile diseases. In the Qing Dynasty, the theory of typhoid reached a mature stage, and monographs such as Treatise on Febrile Diseases appeared.
Since the Ming Dynasty, western medicine was introduced into China, and a group of medical scientists advocated the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, becoming the pioneers of the integration of Chinese and Western medicine.
In the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368- 1644), pharmacologist Li Shizhen completed Compendium of Materia Medica, a masterpiece of traditional Chinese medicine, which included 1892 kinds of drugs and became the greatest integrated work in the history of China's materia medica.