Original text:
Chang'e
Li Shangyin [Tang Dynasty]
The mica screen was dyed red by thick candles, and the Milky Way gradually tilted towards the morning star.
Chang 'e, I must regret eating the elixir, and now I am alone, in the blue sky, singing every night.
Translation:
literal translation
The candle shadow on the mica screen is dim, the milky way is fading, and the morning star is disappearing.
Chang 'e should regret stealing the elixir of life, and now she is lonely every night.
2. Rhyme translation
The mica screen was stained with a thick candle shadow, the milky way gradually set and the morning star sank.
Chang 'e must regret stealing the elixir of life, but now she is chilling alone every night.
Precautions:
Chang 'e: The original "Heng E", the mythical goddess of the moon, is said to be the wife of Hou Yi, the leader of Dongyi in Xia Dynasty.
Mica screen: A screen made of mica. Mica is a kind of mineral, plate-shaped, and its crystal is transparent and shiny. In ancient times, it was often used to decorate windows, screens and other things.
Deep: dim.
Long River: Galaxy.
Morningstar: Morningstar. Or the morning star, which appears in the east in the morning.
Elixir: refers to the immortal elixir.
Blue sea and blue sky: refers to Chang 'e's boring life, only seeing blue sea and blue sky. Blue sea: describe the blue sky as blue as the sea.
Night Heart: Chang 'e feels lonely every night.
Appreciate:
This poem sings the lonely scene of Chang 'e in the middle of the moon and expresses the poet's self-injury mood. The first two sentences describe the indoor and outdoor environment respectively, render the empty and cold atmosphere, and show the thoughtful mood of the protagonist; The last two sentences are the feelings of the protagonist after a night of painful memories, expressing a sense of loneliness. The whole poem is sentimental, rich in meaning, fantastic and touching.
"The shadow of the mica screen is deep, the long river is gradually falling, and the stars are sinking." These two sentences describe the hero's environment and sleepless nights. Indoor, the candlelight is getting darker and darker, and a deep shadow hangs over the mica screen, showing the emptiness and cold of the room more and more, revealing the gloomy mood of the protagonist sitting alone in the long night. Outside, the Milky Way is gradually moving westward, and the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl face each other across the river. The sleepless eyes in the lonely room watched the school of the Milky Way disappear. The sparse morning stars dotted with the empty sky will also disappear. The word "Shen" vividly depicts the dynamics of the morning star, and the hero's heart seems to be sinking gradually. "Candle shadows are deep", "Long river sets the yen" and "dawn stars sink" indicate that the time has reached dawn. Wear the word "gradually" to indicate the passage of time. The protagonist in Loneliness spent another sleepless night facing the cold screen and the lonely moon in the blue sky. Although there is no direct description of the protagonist's psychology here, with the help of the rendering of the environmental atmosphere, the protagonist's loneliness and unbearable loneliness can almost be touched.
In the long quiet night, when you see the bright moon, you will naturally think of the legendary moon fairy Chang 'e. It is said that she used to be the wife of Hou Yi, because she ate the elixir given by the Queen Mother of the West and flew to the Moon Palace to become a fairy. "Who is the neighbor of Chang 'e? "In the eyes of a lonely hero, does Chang 'e, who lives alone in the Guanghan Palace and has no companion, have a similar situation and mood with himself? Therefore, I can't help thinking from the bottom of my heart: Chang 'e must regret stealing the elixir of life, so that she lives in the moon palace every year and night, facing the blue sea and blue sky, it is difficult to get rid of loneliness and cold. " Should regret "is a speculative word, which shows a feeling of being in the same boat and having a heart." Because of the description and rendering of the first two sentences, the word "should" seems natural and reasonable. Therefore, the last two sentences are not so much affectionate and considerate to Chang 'e's situation and mood as the lonely monologue of the protagonist.
Who is this lonely, lonely and sleepless hero? There is no clear explanation in the poem. The poet once compared the female crown to "lonely in the moon" in the poem "Sending Palace Officials to Taoist Temple", and also used "stealing medicine" as a metaphor for women to learn Taoism and seek immortality in the poem "Sending Song Huayang sisters back on a moonlit night". Therefore, it may not be nonsense to say that this poem is an expression of sadness and loneliness on behalf of the female crown trapped in the palace. Taoism prevailed in the Tang dynasty, and women's entry into Taoism became the trend. After entering the Tao, they experienced the bondage of religious purity to normal love life, resulting in mental depression. Three or four sentences are a true portrayal of their situation and mood.
However, the loneliness expressed in the poem and the emotion of "regretting stealing the elixir" caused by it are integrated into the poet's unique real life feelings and contain richer and deeper meanings. Surrounded by the dark and dirty reality, the poet tries to get rid of the secular world and pursue the lofty spiritual realm, which often makes him more lonely. The twin brothers of sublimity and loneliness, and the subtle and complicated psychology of self-worship and self-harm, unwillingness to change one's mind and obedience, unbearable loneliness, etc., are successfully expressed here by the poet in subtle and meaningful language. This is a kind of beauty with strong sadness, which easily resonates widely among the lofty scribes in the old days. The typical meaning of poetry is also here.
Creative background:
The author has been in the struggle between Niu Party and Li Party all his life, and his life is bumpy. The essence of the party struggle between Niu and Li is that eunuchs are in power. This poem satirizes the power of eunuchs and the darkness of the imperial power of Xianzong. Confucius said: "If the country has a way, it will be an official; If the country has no way, it can be rolled up. " Chang 'e is a typical poem "If the country has no way, it can be cherished".
About the author:
Li Shangyin (about 813-about 858), a native of Yuxi, xi, was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. His ancestral home is Qinyang, Hanoi (now Jiaozuo, Henan) and Xingyang, Zhengzhou. He is good at poetry writing, and his parallel prose also has high literary value. He is one of the most outstanding poets in the late Tang Dynasty. Together with Du Mu, it is called "Xiao", and together with Wen, it is called "Wen Li". Because his poems and essays are similar to the paragraphs and essays of the same period, all three of them rank sixteenth in the family, so they are also called "Thirty-six Style". His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style, especially some love poems and untitled poems are touching, beautiful and moving, and are widely read. However, some poems are too obscure to be solved, and there is even a saying that "poets always love Quincy and hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng". Caught in the struggle between Niu and Li, I was frustrated all my life. After his death, he was buried in his hometown of Qinyang (now the junction of Qinyang and Aibo County in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province). His works are included in Li Yishan's poems.