What's more, people went belly-up. -"The Analects of Confucius, Zhang Zi"
2 change, correct
This is my sin, so please be more careful. -"Mandarin, Vietnamese"
Since clouds are often forgiven, forgiveness is inevitable. This is not a direct forgiveness of his guilt, but also a break with the world. It should be updated (reformed) -"Old Tang Shu Sun Chuan"
3. replacement; replace
It is more useful to use. -"Zhou Li Sigong Cliff"
I will sue the people present. What if I take it and I am endowed? -Liu Tang Zongyuan's Snake Catcher
A good man is a better cutter; There are many knives and many folds in the family month. -"Zhuangzi Health Master"
experience
Because of the desire to communicate with (Dayue), the road must be more (through) Xiongnu. -"Historical Records and Biography of Dawan"
His assistants, Li Yi and Liu Zhi, were Confucian scholars and never joined the army. -"The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Biography of Rooms"
5. continuous, continuous
Last name is Li Xianggeng. -"Mandarin Gold". Note: "Continued."
6. Another example: polyphase (one after another; Mutual)
Take turns
Every time a policeman stayed up for several months, let the soldiers have more rest and sit outside the curtain. -Fang Qing newspaper "Zuo anecdote"
8. Another example: Dobo (taking turns to dominate); More king (mainly in turn); Straighter (take turns on duty); More and more corvees are guarding the border.
9. Repayment; compensation
Success is not enough to be more responsible. -"Huai Nan Zi Yan Quan Chuan"
10. Reporting and reimbursement
If you don't lose your virginity, you are doomed. -"Mandarin is scattered today"
1 1. Pass "gěng". block
Knowing thousands of miles away, hiding in the micro, saying rape is rape, will change. -"Nine Pipes"
12 old night time unit, one night is divided into five hours: ~ hours. ~ aperture. ~ husband. ~ drums. ~ leakage
There are some explanations, so I won't list them here.
2. Change the pronunciation of classical Chinese [gē ng]:1); A good man is a better cutter; There are many knives and many folds in the family month.
-"Zhuangzi Health Master" 2) Experience; Because of the desire to communicate with (Dayue), the road must be more (through) Xiongnu. -"Historical Records and Biography of Dawan" 3) The old night unit is divided into five classes; My husband's bones clearly slept little and sat silently for a long time in one night.
-Shi's "Sleeping in Shu" Wen Yao drama [gèng]: More and more, over and over again, but you can expand your horizons by 300 miles as long as you go up a flight of stairs. -Don Wang Zhihuan's "In the Lugu Pavilion [gèng]: Children's" gê ng "(gê ng).
Obstruction is thousands of miles away and hidden in micro-scale. If it is treacherous, then change it. -"Nine Pipes".
3. Mostly in classical Chinese, the word 1 is polysemous, and the word is capitalized.
(Example: What would you do if the country could not bear it? Zuo Zhuan Yin Gongyuan) 2 copies (for example, he has more than two ministers. Liang Qichao's "On young chinese") ③ Not single-minded (for example, second, confused.
"Xunzi Revealing the Secret") 4 Centrifugation and betrayal (if the bribes of husband and vassal gather in the government, the vassal will be two. Zuo Zhuan) 5 Again, repeat.
(Example: Don't be angry, don't be angry. "The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye") 6 belongs to two masters.
(This article: rude to Jin, rude to Chu. ) 2. A border town, a remote place (for example, Xue Ji: "There are two monks in Shu."
(This article: "Yue Guo Yuan") ② Vulgar and despicable. (Example: Ten Years of Zuo Zhuan and Zhuang Gong: "Carnivores are frivolous and fail to make long-term plans."
) look down upon, despise (Example: Zuo Zhao was a public official for sixteen years: "I am polite, but my husband still despises me."
) 3, Xu 1 permission. (Same as modern Chinese) ② Commitment and obedience.
(Example: This article: Xu Zhi. "Xu Junjiao, leisure ...") ③ Agree.
(For example, "Yu Gong Yi Shan": "Mixed words." ) 4 Approximation (Example: Xiaoshitang Ji: "There are more than a hundred fish in the pond."
(5) Table Office (Example: Tao Yuanming's Biography of Mr. Wuliu: "Sir, I don't know who." ) 4.Que ① Tall buildings on both sides of the ancient palace ①què.
② Què Tower ③ Què Palace, extended to the imperial court ④ Què Tong "lack" ⑤ Zhuè excavation, and extended to invasion and surrender. (Author: Queqin) 5. A country in decline.
(3) Humility (such as Historical Records Cao Shijia): "When you participate, you are kind to Xiao He." ) 4 subtle and exquisite.
Slight words (idioms) 5 are obscure and expressionless. See the micro-knowledge (idiom) 6 If not.
(Example: The story of Yueyang Tower: "Wes, who are we going home with?" (this article: the power of Mrs. Wei is not as good as this) 6. I am bad and tired. (Example: Fang Bao's Zuo Anecdote: "Make history more embarrassing."
I am tired if I am modest (for example, "Zi Tongzhi Jian": "Cao Cao's people are tired in the distance." (4) damage and decline.
(This article: Because of human power. ) ◎ Function words 1, so that ① it is rude to Jin (because, conjunctions), ② it dares to annoy deacons (taking, using, prepositions), ③ it is far beyond the country (indicating succession, conjunctions), ④ Why do you use dead Zheng to accompany your neighbors? ⑤ If she thinks she is the master (ba, preposition) 2, but she is eager to have a child (talent, conjunction, conjunction) 2, she will come out at night (modification, conjunction) 3, if she dies, she will benefit the monarch (inheritance, conjunction) 4, and she will set up a version at night.
(indicating a turning point, conjunction) 3. There are disadvantages for children. (Modal words, sentences) ② How to use Zheng Wu to accompany neighbors? (interrogative adverb, why) ③ If you don't miss Qin, how can you take it (interrogative adverb, how can you) ④ How can you set up earth and stone (interrogative pronoun, where) ⑤ In order to observe people's style, you can get it (pronoun, it) ⑤ Those who struggle forever escape (part-time, here)? See the third question after class for the meaning and usage of "it".
◎ It is good for you to use the word class flexibly (nouns as verbs) and die of Zheng. (To Zheng's death, verb causative usage) ③ Neighbors are thick, gentlemen are thin ("thick" and "thin" are adjectives used flexibly as nouns) ④ Yue's attitude, contempt (contempt, the intentional usage of nouns is contempt); Far, adjectives as nouns, far) ⑤ Set the evening edition economy ("Chao" and "Xi", nouns as adverbs of time) ⑤ Seal Zheng in the east and want to seal it in the west.
("East" and "West" are adverbials of locative nouns; Sealing and nouns are used flexibly as verbs and as boundaries. ) ◎ How to use Zheng Wu to accompany neighbors? (Accompany, pass on "times") ② Share their difficulties (share, pass on "supply") ③ What's the problem? (Tired, knowing "Hua", satisfied) ④ Qin Bo said (saying, knowing "Yue") ⑤ Losing what he had and not knowing (knowing, knowing "knowing" )◆ 9 Modern significance: The bag you took today means: I think) 3 Mrs. Wei is not so powerful.
(madam, ancient meaning: that person; Modern meaning: ordinary people's wives) 4 also go (go, ancient meaning: leave; Today's significance: go, arrive) ◎ Classical Chinese sentence ① Rough preposition structure in Jin Dynasty; ② Zheng Boyue's preposition structure is backward, which is a cunning statement; 3 is the Jin Dynasty of her husband; Why bother? Preposition object, "What's the problem?" . It's my fault.
Judgment. judgment.
4. The usage and meaning of the word "er" in classical Chinese are more complicated in ancient Chinese (classical Chinese), with two pronunciations of ér and néng; ; It can be a real word in some sentences and a function word in another sentence; Content words can be nouns, verbs or pronouns; When making function words, they can be conjunctions or auxiliary words. There are about a dozen meanings and usages. Here, according to the explanation in the preferred ancient Chinese reference book "Ci Yuan", I add some sentences in classical Chinese in middle school textbooks as examples, and give you a call at the same time. One, two cheek hairs are shaped like hair. Anything with drooping scales is also called it. For example, Zhou Li Gao. The pronoun "er" ru means the second person address, which can be translated into "you" and "you". For example, the three conjunctions of "somewhere, but my mother is here" in Lingzhi indicate a coordinate relationship, and the two conjunctions are insignificant in meaning. It can be translated into "he", "he", "you" and "he" or not. For example, in the debate between two children, "this is not a small one, but a big one" means an inheritance relationship, and the two conjunctions can be translated as "Jiu", "Then", "Lai" and "Lai". It can be translated into "besides", "besides" and so on. For example, "learning while using" in The Analects of Confucius indicates a modifying relationship, and the modifier in the previous paragraph connects the adverbial and the head without translation. For example, ⒌' s "One Mountain in Gong Yu": "He laughs repeatedly" indicates a turning point. The subject and predicate in clauses are often linked together and can be translated into "if", "if" and "if". For example, China said: "Make the whole country teenagers", so for example, Xunzi advised: "Jade is lush in the mountains, pearls are born in the depths, and cliffs do not fade." Four auxiliary words, used with locative words such as up, down, direction, etc., indicate time or range and can be translated into one. For example, China's ancient paintings, from the perspective of portraits, are mostly constructed by meaning. 1. is equivalent to a branch. For example, The Analects of Confucius. Already! Today's politicians are at stake! "Five links" are like ""similar ""similar ". For example, The Book of Songs Xiaoya Durham: "Durham is a gentleman and a woman with curly hair." Second, néng's six-way "can". 1. Yes. For example, Mozi's Reference: Middle School Classical Chinese Etymology and Index Dictionary Answer: 2007-10-16: 22 Revision: 2007-10-1821:50.
There are also two answers: the usage of the word "two" in the classical Chinese of The Wise Man. Grammatically, the two verb-object structures before and after the connection of "er" are indistinguishable, not progressive, and have a turning point. "Giving up one's life for righteousness" is interpreted as giving up one's life choice. And (1) the second personal pronoun, (2) is generally used as the attribute of a place, where the mother is. (2) Adverbs are translated into "JIU". But when can we be happy? (3) The coordinate relation of conjunctions is generally not translated. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. Progressive relations are translated into "harmony" or "harmony". A gentleman is knowledgeable and saves himself by participating in daily activities. Inheriting relationship is translated as "JIU", "knot" or not. We are eager to return, but we send it into the water loudly. The turning point is translated as "but" or "but". ⑥ Modifying the relationship and connecting the adverbial and the head word can be translated into "ground" or not. I have been thinking all day, but it is not as good as what I learned in an instant. Causality translates as "therefore". I'm sorry, too. What followed was my husband's travel pleasure. 8 metaphor, translated as "like". The army was shocked. This paper shares 25 "He", understands their respective tones, and explores the reading rules of "Er". (1), the satrap and guests are drinking here ... and the year is the highest (progressive, rereading) (2), Ruofu ... Cave (career, light reading) (3), back to back, returning at dusk (modified)