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: "Shen is Huang Lao, and the name is the main punishment."
: "Dou Taihou's words of treating Huang Lao are useless to Confucianism." . Let people pay a little attention to Zhao Wan and other dishonest and profitable things. They asked for a case, and Zang and all the actions they took were abolished. Six years later, Dou Taihou collapsed. Next year, Gong and other literary scholars. "
Yu: "Huang Lao is in Han Dynasty, and Buddha is in Jin, Wei, Liang and Sui."
Truffles have a poem "Antique": "Young people worship Huang Lao and aim at the mountains."
Schools of thought
Huang Lao's thought
China's philosophical schools and political thoughts in the Warring States Period. Respecting the ancient Huangdi and Laozi as the founding fathers, hence the name. Huang Lao's art began in the Warring States and flourished in the Western Han Dynasty. With Taoism as the main body, Huang developed the Taoist thoughts of Huang Di and Lao Zi, and absorbed Huang Lao's thoughts of Yin and Yang, Legalism and Confucianism. The characteristic of Huang Lao's thought is "governing by doing nothing".
Huang Lao's thought is mainly the ruling thought in the early Han Dynasty, that is, "rest and recuperation".
Huanglao school
Huang Laosheng was born in the mid-Warring States period, and he was born in Xiaxuegong, the state of Qi. The representative work of Huang Lao School, Historical Records and Biography of Lao Fei. The core of this theory is "governing by doing nothing" and putting people first. Summed up the lessons of the death of the Western Han Dynasty and Qin Dynasty, and advocated that Huang Lao School should be the guiding ideology of governing the country. It has been applied to political and legal practice and achieved remarkable results.
Pre-Qin Taoism. "Huang" refers to the legendary Yellow Emperor, and "Lao" refers to the late Spring and Autumn Period. Respecting the Yellow Emperor and Lao Dan as the founders of the school, and taking the words of Huang Lao as the guiding ideology, it is called "Huang Lao School" in history.
Art and society in the early years of Han, Huang and Lao
The ruling ideology of any era is the ideology of the ruling class. After eliminating the autocratic Qin Dynasty and Xiang Yu, who tried to return to the Warring States period when princes coexisted, what kind of ideology should be used for governance in order to solve a series of practical problems steadily has become a major issue for Liu Bang and his ruling group.
I won't forget the past. Qin, the future teacher, took the legalist route, went to hell and practiced ideological autocracy, which eventually led to the demise of II. Liu Bang Group, which rose from the ruins of Qin Dynasty, experienced this profound lesson personally, which determined that they could not govern the country according to the political thought of Legalists. Most of the Liu Bang Group came from the lower class. "When the drum and knife are put together to kill the dog, does he know that he has been tied in a ponytail? He was very famous in the Han Dynasty, and Liu De's descendants were there, so he could not have a strong interest in the profound theory of Confucian governance. Although Liu Bang himself did not completely reject Confucianism, his belief, being divorced from reality and the high self-esteem of ancient Confucian scholars also made him hate Confucianism. At this time, only the strategy advocated by Huang Lao, that is, "to control rigidity by quietness, to control rigidity by quietness, to advance and retreat, to attack and defend, and to assist punishment by virtue", can better meet the needs of Liu Bang Group and provide the most reasonable and effective ruling means and theoretical basis for the rulers in the early Han Dynasty to formulate policies.
Huang Lao art originally existed as a genre in the Warring States period. In order to meet the political needs of the early Han Dynasty, Huang Lao's art in the social and political field emphasized "Tao gives birth to law" and advocated "right and wrong, legal trial, listening quietly and obeying the law". It is believed that the monarch should govern by doing nothing, do not impose excessive taxes, do not rob the people, be impartial, be modest and frugal, be gentle and courteous, and govern by doing nothing. The above idea has one
Different from the western ancient atomism, the theory of vitality prevailed in ancient China. According to this theory, everything is made up of vitality or essence. When vitality or essence come together, they are tangible things. You cann't see it when it's scattered Huang first put forward two concepts of primordial qi and essential qi, and discussed them in many aspects. In addition, Huang also inherited Laozi's view that "the Lord of all things is the way of emptiness and quietness". It is precisely because "Tao" is an empty and quiet way that he can follow everything and become the master of everything.
As well as social and political views.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, social competition intensified. In order to cope with this situation, the Huang Lao family first put forward the concepts of law, art, power, benefit and power, which made the pre-Qin academic community get rid of the idealistic model and began to embark on the road of realism. On this basis, Huang put forward the idea of "Taoism gives birth to law", which not only solved the legitimacy problem of law itself, but also opened the way for Taoism to rule the world. In addition, Huang also put forward a series of political ideas, such as following the laws of nature, observing women and employing people, governing the country with courtesy, doing nothing, governing the country with vulgarity, recuperating, governing the country according to law, tempering justice with mercy, and governing the country with morality, which embodied the essence of China's ancient social politics. In addition, the Huang Lao family also put forward the idea that the world is public and the monarchy is restricted by law, which reflects the reflection and criticism of authoritarian politics to some extent.
regimen
Huang advocated the rule of the world by Huang, and tried to closely combine the rule of the world with the rule of the country.