The eroded low mountain area is 14629 km2, accounting for 2 1.7% of the total area of Jiamusi city. Including Xiaoxing 'anling, Wandashan, Nadanha Daling and Zhangguangcai Ridge in this city. Mainly distributed in Huanan, Tangyuan and other counties. This area is a folded mountain range formed by Hercynian movement at the end of Paleozoic, belonging to the third uplift zone of Neocathaysian system. Most mountains extend from northeast to southwest. The altitude is generally 500-800 meters, which belongs to the low mountain type. There are few Zhongshan mountains above 800 meters above sea level. Except for steep peaks and V-shaped canyons in some areas, the mountains generally fluctuate gently with a slope of 10- 15 degrees. Most valleys are wide U-shaped valleys. The surface is mostly residual soil, which is composed of loam and clayey silt, often containing cuttings, and the bedrock weathering crust is below it. The parent materials are mostly Hercynian and Yanshanian granites, and some are Proterozoic metamorphic rocks.
The eroded hilly area is 9789 square kilometers, accounting for 14.5% of the total area of the city. Around the eastern slope of Xiaoxing 'anling and Wanda Mountain, with the gradual decrease of mountain topography, the landform changes from low mountains to hills. The hills of this city are distributed in Huanan, Fujin and other counties; Most of them are distributed on the edge of the plain, alternating with low mountains. At an altitude of 200-450m, the slope is gentle and long, the top of the mountain is muddy, some of them are ridged, and the valley between hills is wide and shallow. Most of the surface remains. The soil layer is thin, with loam and sand above and weathered debris below. The parent material of hills is mostly ancient granite, and the valleys are mostly sedimentary rocks. Most of the low slopes and valleys of these hills have been reclaimed.
Flooding, erosion and denudation platforms, with a total area of 6382 square kilometers, accounting for 9.5% of the city's total area. The alluvial plain covers an area of 36,480 square kilometers, accounting for 54.2% of Jiamusi City. There are mainly Sanjiang alluvial plain, Woken River valley plain and alluvial plain in front of Wanda Mountain. Structurally, this area belongs to a new depression in the second uplift zone of Neocathaysia. From late Jurassic to Cretaceous, the mountains gradually rose; Depression appeared in the plain area, and it has been in a large-scale subsidence movement since Quaternary Pleistocene. It is only in some areas that hill uplift appeared, forcing Heilongjiang, Songhua River and Wusuli River to change their course many times, leaving many ancient rivers and winding belts. The landform types that constitute the plain area are mainly high and low floodplain, first terrace and second terrace. Most of the surface is covered by Quaternary loam. This area is usually flat and low-lying. The altitude is 40-80 meters, and the lowest terrain in Fuyuan Delta is only 34 meters. There are several isolated and remnant mountains on the plain. The terrain inclines from southwest to northeast with a slope of1/5000-110000. Because of the low terrain, the river cutting ability is weak. Except Heilongjiang, Songhua River and Wusuli River, the riverbed gradient of other rivers flowing through this area is small, and many rivers have the characteristics of swamp rivers. There are many meanders on the plain, such as oxbow lakes, old rivers and sandbars, and swamps are widely distributed. Because of the flat terrain, good soil quality and rapid development of planting industry, most of this area has been reclaimed as farmland, which is one of the main planting bases in the province. The plain low-lying land 1 1, 295 square kilometers, accounting for 3 1% of the plain area, mainly distributed in Tongjiang and Fuyuan.