Scientists in different disciplines agree with one point: with the optimization of living environment and the improvement of quality of life, as long as we maintain good living habits and an optimistic and cheerful attitude, it is entirely possible for us to live to 100 years old.
Water loss will dry up life.
Recently, volkov, director of the Biological Rhythm Research Office of the Russian National Institute of Health, put forward a new theory of the earth's biological clock, which revealed the mystery of premature loss of human life.
According to volkov's theory, a person's natural life span should be 280 years. But in real life, people's life span is far from this limit. What causes people to lose their lives prematurely? Volkov believes that this is because the water in the human body is constantly losing. This theory holds that with the continuous growth of life, the water in the body will be lost catastrophically. The human body is made up of countless cells. Cell membrane has the function of selective permeation, which can filter out harmful substances. Organs in the human body are composed of countless cells that shoulder the same tasks and functions, and these organs naturally become a major biological filter in the human body. However, when the water in the body is continuously lost in the body with the growth of life, cells and the body can no longer play the role of biological filters, so the human body itself can no longer remove harmful substances, and various diseases will occur, thus destroying natural life.
The results of scientific research confirm this theory from another aspect: usually, the water in newborn boys accounts for 86.8% of their weight, and when they grow up, it accounts for 71%; The water in mature young men accounts for 665,438+0% of their body weight, while an old man aged 865,438+0 only accounts for 49.8%. But in a way, volkov's view may also be the result of another situation. The reason of water loss in the body may be that some factors lead to cell aging or even loss of "water retention" function, resulting in continuous water loss in the body. In either case, the fact is undeniable: with the disappearance of water in the body, people's lives will gradually dry up.
Second, genes, environment and living habits will all affect life expectancy.
However, people's life span is not only affected by water loss in the body, but also restricted by other factors such as genes, environment and occupation. This view has also been recognized by all life science researchers, including volkov.
The Max Planck Institute for Population Studies in Germany has also been studying these issues. In just a few years after the reunification of Germany, the number of residents in the east who celebrated the centenary doubled, with only 65,438 in 199 1 year and 363 in 1997. Comparatively speaking, the change in the western region is not obvious, with 0 years as 199 1582 and 1997 as 2353, an increase of 5 1%. For this phenomenon, James Wopei, director of the Population Research Institute, believes that this is mainly due to the improvement of social security, living conditions and environment.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute believe that external factors play a 50% role in individual life span, and the other 50% depends on internal factors, of which 25% is shaped by genetic genes.
As early as a few years ago, scientists found that some genetic materials have an impact on people's life span. For example, apolipoprotein E, a protein that can control cholesterol conversion in human body, has many gene-related variants. People with variant apoe2 gene rarely suffer from heart disease, while people with variant apoe4 gene suffer from dementia. In August of 200 1 year, American scientists discovered the longevity gene. Researchers at Harvard Medical School in the United States analyzed the genes extracted from 308 long-lived elderly people. These elderly people, ranging in age from 9 1 to 109, are brothers and sisters from American and European 137 families. The results show that 95% of the few genes on their fourth chromosome are the same. Researchers believe that this is the secret of their longevity, and in this pair of chromosomes, scientists at Max Planck Institute believe that the remaining 25% of the internal factors are determined in the first 30 years of a person's life. If the fetus does not have enough nutrition in the mother's womb, it is easy to suffer from heart disease after birth; However, if the fetus is overnourished in the mother's womb and childhood, it is easy to suffer from diabetes. I had an infectious disease when I was a child, and I was prone to heart disease when I was old. Too much skin exposure when you are young, and skin cancer is easy to get when you are old. Many early bad habits, such as smoking and unhealthy eating habits, have laid a curse for the rest of my life. The survey also shows that high-level education, guaranteed economic income and good living conditions are also factors that promote people's longevity.
Human life science research also found that the average life expectancy of women in almost all countries is higher than that of men. Why do women live longer than men? Scientists have many explanations. From the perspective of social psychology, men are under great social pressure, have strong self-awareness, are nervous in work and life, and are not good at relieving their nervousness, so they are prone to hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases. On the contrary, women are good at reconciling work and housework. By doing housework and raising children, they can relieve the pressure of work. In addition, women pay more attention to their physical condition than men.
From a genetic point of view, women also have an advantage. Women have 23 pairs of xx chromosomes, which have better repair function than male xy chromosomes. For example, when foreign viruses invade, X chromosome has stronger anti-infection ability. Studies also show that men's body transformation and energy consumption are faster than women's. The faster the "life nuclear energy" is consumed, the sooner it will die.
Life span is related to parents' age.
There are many disciplines involved in the study of life span, and different disciplines have their own views and basis on the factors that determine life span.
Historians have found that from the emperor shunzhi to the end of Emperor Xuan Tong, there were ten emperors in the Qing Dynasty in China, and these ten emperors had 164 children. Each of the seven emperors had 2 1 children on average, and by the seventh Xianfeng emperor, the number had dropped sharply to three. After that, the Tongzhi emperor and Guangxu emperor had no heirs. 146 dragons, 74 died before the age of 15, which is half of the number of births. As a royal family, conservation conditions are paramount, but the mortality rate is shocking.
According to scholars' research, it is difficult for the first few children of the emperor to grow up because the emperor was too young when he was a parent. For example, the eldest son of Emperor Kangxi 14 years old, the first six children who died prematurely were born before him 18 years old, while the eldest daughter of Yong Zhengdi was born at 17 years old. In fact, Kangxi's first son was born at the age of 13. The eldest son is often born when the emperor was young, and his physical strength and intelligence are relatively weak. The eldest son who inherits the throne will also give birth to a weaker eldest son when he is young, so he will inherit viciously until he becomes weak and incompetent and dies.
Therefore, historians believe that the age of marriage determines the quality of life, which affects people's healthy growth and longevity. Life science researchers also agree with this view. They believe that only when people are physically mature, healthy and mentally developed can they give birth to healthy and long-lived individuals.
Four optimistic attitudes and longevity.
Research by psychologists at Yale University in the United States confirms that a person's mental state can determine his life span to a certain extent, that is, the more positive and optimistic a person's mentality is, the longer his life span will be. After tracking 660 elderly people over 50 years old, the researchers found that a positive and optimistic attitude is more important than controlling blood pressure and lowering cholesterol, and even more effective than health care measures such as not smoking and enjoying physical exercise. The results show that people who are optimistic about life live 7.6 years longer than those who are pessimistic.
Scientists investigated the life expectancy of 95 composers and 9 performers born before the end of 19, and found that their life expectancy was longer than that of ordinary people. Why do musicians live longer than people in other industries? Scientists believe that this is because their thoughts, optimism about life and ways of using their brains are different from ordinary people. The human brain can be divided into left and right parts. Generally speaking, the left brain has the functions of calculation, thinking and language, which scientists call "language brain". The right brain has illogical functions such as controlling emotions, feelings and aesthetic consciousness, which scientists call "musical brain". The left and right brain cells undertake their own functions, complement and cooperate with each other, and form people's ability and personality. Because musicians use the "musical brain" more than people in other professions, their emotional functions are active and their mentality is more optimistic. This is the mystery of musicians' longevity and the way psychologists advocate longevity.
The researchers also found that a happy marriage can make people live longer. If the marriage is happy, life will be optimistic and the mood will be happy. According to Japanese census data, compared with the lovers, the average life expectancy of divorced men is 12 years, and that of women is 5 years shorter. Widowed people were more likely to die of illness than their peers 10 times. Swedish medical researchers conducted a nine-year follow-up survey of 989 middle-aged and elderly people aged 50 to 60, and found that the death rate of divorced or widowed people was 22%, while that of those who had been married for a long time was only 14%. Physicians believe that two of a kind's happiness will make both husband and wife secrete some healthy substances, such as hormones, enzymes, acetyl, choline and so on. It is helpful to enhance the immune function of the body, delay the aging of tissues and organs, and adjust the material metabolism of the body to the best state.
The study of life science is endless, and there will be new achievements in determining the reasons for human life span. But no matter what the future research is, people can accept the above viewpoint now. Now, scientists from different disciplines agree with one view: with the optimization of living environment and the improvement of living quality, as long as we maintain good living habits and optimistic and cheerful mental state, it is entirely possible for us to live to 100 years old.