When the wine is drunk in the stomach, it is first absorbed by the stomach (about 80% of the intestine only stands at about 20%). Theoretically, once a mouthful of wine (15 ml) enters the stomach, alcohol exists in the blood within two seconds.
When alcohol enters the blood (not exceeding the safe amount, I can't remember the exact amount), it can relax the vascular smooth muscle (vasodilation, facial flushing), stimulate the autonomic and sympathetic nerves, and make the heart beat faster. Due to vasodilation and rapid heartbeat, the blood supply to the brain increases, and the oxygen supply to the brain also increases.
When alcohol enters the blood, there are two kinds of enzymes in each of us. Under the action of the first alcohol dehydrogenase, alcohol is stripped of a hydrogen molecule and becomes acetaldehyde. As we all know, the toxicity of aldehyde and alcohol is very different, and acetaldehyde is 200 times more toxic to human body than alcohol. Acetaldehyde removes a hydrogen molecule from acetaldehyde through the action of the second acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in the body and becomes acetic acid, which is 20 times more toxic than alcohol. Acetic acid is converted into carbon dioxide, water and heat through the action of various oxidases in human body. The above chemical reaction is the whole process from the entrance to the decomposition and excretion of wine, so the problem comes again. Why do some people with the same amount of alcohol get drunk when they touch alcohol? You will know by calculating an account below;
China has a saying; It's okay. Drink two! Then let's take two ounces of wine as a safe reference. Let's do the math. It is appropriate for people to drink two glasses of wine on average, depending on the ratio of two enzymes in your blood. There will be four situations. According to the ratio of alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in blood, it can be divided into: 1; Both, both; All less, three; More before and less after, four; There were many before (at present, there is no one lacking an enzyme or an enzyme in the world). Then we will analyze it according to the above four situations;
One; The amount of alcohol is amazing; Moderate drinking (easy to get drunk) 3; Drinks make you drunk; Moderate drinking (sober type)
One; People with high levels of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. This kind of people can drink especially because alcohol enters the body and is quickly decomposed into acetaldehyde, acetic acid, carbon dioxide and water. We often see that someone can easily drink two Jin of white bread at a meal. Brewmaster, the wine saint, belongs to this character. However, if such people don't pay attention, they will have endless troubles. Long-term heavy drinking will damage the liver, from gastritis and cirrhosis to esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and liver cancer. I really don't want to scare you. I have been working in a hospital and have seen a lot.
Second; People with low levels of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. This kind of people drink moderately, get drunk easily, and like to drink slowly, because alcohol can't be converted into acetaldehyde quickly when it enters the body, only ethanol works. Because of the low acetaldehyde content in blood, the toxic reaction is light. Because of the slow decomposition of ethanol after drinking, the reaction was light at that time, and the content of ethanol in blood was high but the content of acetaldehyde was low. This kind of person can swallow half a catty of wine, but he was fine at that time, and it was uncomfortable to go home. Because there are few enzymes, the toxicity of ethanol is greatly increased after it is slowly decomposed into acetaldehyde in the blood, which is 200 times that of ethanol! Because the content of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase is also low, it cannot be decomposed into acetic acid, carbon dioxide and water in time. In theory, alcoholism is actually acetaldehyde poisoning.
Third; The contents of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase are more before and less after. This kind of person blushes at the first sip of wine and has difficulty breathing. If it is serious, his whole body will turn red. We often say that he is allergic to alcohol. In fact, the enzyme is at work, and the above symptoms are typical manifestations of acetaldehyde poisoning. I won't say more about the truth. Analyze it yourself. Such a person will never get drunk unless there are special reasons. This kind of person is sober on the wine table, because people are born with self-knowledge and generally don't play hard. This kind of person blushes and breathes, one or two faints, one or two faints, two or three go to the hospital, and one or two will definitely die.
Fourth; People with less alcohol dehydrogenase and more acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. These people are also in the middle of alcohol consumption, but they are different from the second group. Although they can't drink as much as the first man, the first man is often defeated by them at the wine table. The reason is that these people know that they can drink a lot, so they are generally not too arrogant at the wine table. The first kind of people can quit best. Often when the climax comes, the first kind of people are extremely aggressive (drowned by alcohol). At this time, the second kind of person is absolutely silent, and certainly won't attract attention. What is really attacked is the same kind or the third kind of people. When the attack reaches a certain temperature, the amount of alcohol must reach the limit. At this time, the fourth person is drunk, unless he doesn't fight back. There are two reasons; The first is that he (she) is less than others in quantity, and the second is that the content of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in his (her) body is the highest at this time, and he (she) will not get drunk even if it exceeds the standard.