This is a kind of timer designed by using the mechanical principle of fluid mechanics. Leakage carving has developed greatly since the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty used to drain water in a single pot.
In the early Han Dynasty, the policy of "rest and recuperation" was implemented, and the economy and society were restored and developed. During the period of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, the first * * * in the development of science and technology in the Han Dynasty was formed, and the floating arrow was invented at that time.
At the latest in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, two-stage compensation for floating arrow leakage was invented. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Taichang doctor Lv Cai made four-level compensation floating arrow leakage, also known as Lv Cai leakage.
This kind of leak has four rooms, one night Tianchi, two days Tianchi, three-level pots and forty thousand pots. There is also an ocean of water, and arrows float with the water.
Fill the four cavities with water, from night Tianchi to day Tianchi, so as to inject each other. Finally, the water floats into the water and the arrow reads the lettering number. On the surface, the more stages, the higher the timing accuracy of missing engraving, but the opposite is true.
In fact, the pot filling method only needs to master the essentials of adding water regularly and quantitatively. The water level of the leaky pot at the bottom is extremely stable and has high accuracy, which can fully meet the needs of astronomical observation and timing at that time. So two-stage compensation for floating arrow leakage is enough.
2. The poacher borrowed the ancient classical Chinese Kuang Heng, who was childish, diligent and without candles. Neighbors have candles but can't catch them. Balance is to pass light through the wall and read it with books that reflect light. City people can't read their surnames. They have money at home and many books. Therefore, Heng is cooperating with him, not claiming compensation. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said, "May the master read all the books." The host sighed, gave books and became a university. As soon as people talk, they say there is no poem. Kuang Dinglai. Kuang said poetry. Be considerate. Ding. Heng Xiaoming also. When people are afraid of it. If so, everyone who hears it will laugh. Hengyi people have words and poems. Balance obedience and language. problem The people in the city fell down and left. Chase it. Mr. Yue, stay and listen. More reasonable. Yi people say they are poor. Then go and never come back.
Translation:
Kuang Heng is diligent and studious, but there is no candle lighting at home. There are candles in the neighbor's house, but the light can't reach his house, so Kuang Heng cut a hole in the wall to attract the neighbor's light, so that the light can shine on the book and read. There is a big family in the same town who is illiterate and rich. There are many books at home. Kuang Heng went to his house as an employee, and he didn't want to be paid. The host was surprised and asked him why. He said, "I hope I can get your book and read it through." Hearing this, the master sighed deeply and lent him the book. Therefore, Kuang Heng became a great scholar.
3. What is the meaning of "Lv Cai Leak" in ancient astronomy? Four-level compensation for floating arrows made by Dr. Lv Cai of Tang Taichang.
After the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were second-class leaky sculptures with compensation pots. Water flows from the top pot to the lower pot, then to the third and fourth pots, and finally to the water-receiving arrow pot, so that the carved arrow floats.
Multi-stage installation can make the water level of the last water supply kettle as stable as possible, make the water flowing into the water receiving arrow kettle as stable as possible, and improve the timing accuracy. Zhang Heng's system in the Eastern Han Dynasty was two levels, and three levels appeared in the Jin Dynasty.
The fusion of ancient and modern books? Calendar code? Volume 99 quotes a missing inscription from Sun Chuo in the Jin Dynasty: "After three steps, small drops of water converge into an ocean." Wang Qing won't let the Six Classics be compiled into the final version? The Book of Songs quoted the Six Classics of Yang Family, and Dr. Tang Taichang left out the inscription "Four rooms, one night Tianchi, two days Tianchi, three-level pots and forty thousand pots.
There is also an ocean of water, and arrows float with the water. Fill the four cavities with water, starting from the night Tianchi, entering the day Tianchi, and entering the flat pot from the day Tianchi.
Note that the second phase, entering the water and floating the arrow, is also engraved every time the arrow floats. "
4. Translation of ancient classical Chinese "Taizong strikes the DPRK" Translation: Taizong once said angrily after going to the DPRK: "I really should kill this hillbilly!" Queen Wende asked, "Who made your majesty angry?" Emperor Taizong said, "Who can make me more angry than Wei Zhi? Every time I go to a meeting, I am bluntly advised, which makes me often uncomfortable. " The queen stepped back, put on her royal costume and stood in the yard. Taizong was startled and said, "Why is the queen like this?" The queen replied, "I heard that the wise men of the monarch are loyal, and now your Majesty is wise, so Wei Zhi can make outspoken suggestions. I am glad to be a member of your wise king's harem. How can I not congratulate you? "
Feelings: Emperor Taizong can face up to the relationship between monarch and minister and tolerate ministers, so it is really rare for ministers to dare to speak out and remonstrate.
Mencius said: "If someone's ring finger is bent, he can't straighten it now, so it won't hurt his muscles and bones and hinder his work. But if someone can straighten it, even if he goes to Qin and Chu (for medical treatment), it won't be too far, because his fingers are not as good as others." Fingers are not as good as others, knowing that they are annoying; The heart is not as good as people, but I don't know how to hate it. This cannot be said to be reasonable. "
"This is called not knowing the class."
How to understand "I don't know the class": I don't know the reason.
"this": it means that the heart is not as good as people but is unwilling to admit it.
5. Find an ancient classical Chinese article about men's and women's love views. What you are talking about is probably self-protection from the Book of Songs Feng Wei. The following is the original text and translation. Original text:
Embrace trade silk for self-protection. When robbers came to trade silk, they came to me. Send a child to Qi,
As for Dunhill. When I was a robber, I had no good media. There is no anger in the child, and autumn lasts.
Take the other side of the wall to get back to the customs. I didn't see the resumption of customs, so I cried. Seeing the resumption of GATT,
Talking and laughing. Well, Parr, the body is not responsible. Driving your car to bribe me to move.
Mulberry leaves flourish before they fall. There are no mulberries in the nest! I am a girl.
There is nothing to worry about! It can be said that scholars are worried. You can't say a woman is worried.
Mulberry fell, yellow, and fell. Self-pity, poor three years old. Qi Shui Tang Tang,
Step by step. Women are unhappy, and scholars do their best. Scholars are also extremely useless.
Three years old, I am a woman, I am tired; Sleepless all night, there must be a dynasty. What you said has been done,
As for violence. My brother didn't know, but he smiled. Calm down and think about it, and you will bow your head and feel sorry for yourself.
Being together always makes me complain. Qi has a shore and discipline has a plate. General's corner banquet, talking and laughing. Swear, forget it. On the contrary, I don't think about it. I'm already embarrassed!
translate
Ignorant peasant teenagers, grasping cloth and seeking silk. Actually, it's not really a change. Find this excuse to talk about marriage.
Send you across Qishui West to Dunqiu. It's not that I want to miss the ceremony. You have no matchmaker's manners.
I hope you don't get angry, we take autumn as the period.
Climb up the broken wall and look at the entrance. I can't see it in the distance, and my heart is sad and tears.
My wife suddenly came from GATT, talking and laughing. You go to divination for luck, and divination is auspicious.
Bring your car and put my present on the table.
When the mulberry leaves are not falling, the branches are full of green. Oh, those turtledoves, don't eat mulberry leaves in a hurry
Alas, young girls, don't be too infatuated with men. If a man is infatuated with you, it's easy to give up.
A woman loves a man and can't get rid of it.
Mulberry leaves have fallen and turned yellow. I have been hungry for three years and poor for three years since I married your family.
Qishui sent me home, and the car curtain splashed with water. There is nothing wrong with me being a wife. It's your immoral behavior.
You have no standard of living, you are half-hearted and you are playing tricks.
After three years of marriage, I will be your wife, and I will spare no effort to do heavy housework. It is never too difficult to get up early and go to bed late.
As soon as your goal is achieved, you will gradually be cruel to me. My brothers don't know my situation, and everyone laughs at me when they see me.
Calm down and think about it and throw away your tears alone.
Swear to grow old together, and now there is no old hatred. Qi water eventually has a shore, and the swamp is wide and has an end.
In retrospect, when we were young, we got together, and jokes and jokes had a long relationship. When the vows of eternal love were made, they turned against each other.
Stop thinking about betraying the alliance, now that it's over.
You said, "A scholar is worried, but it's still worth talking about." Women's anxiety can't be said. The meaning of this sentence can refer to translation.
6. Reading and Answering Zhu Zi's Family Instructions on Ancient Chinese Literature
Get up at dawn, sweep the courtyard, and be neat inside and outside. When you are unconscious, you will rest. If you close the door, you will behave well. It is not easy to think about a porridge and a meal; It is difficult to keep thinking about material resources. It is better to prepare for a rainy day than to dig a well when you are thirsty. Self-help must be frugal, and banquets must not be delayed. The utensils are clean and tidy, and the tile is better than gold; The more exquisite the diet, the more delicious the vegetables in the garden. Don't run fancy houses, don't seek fertile land. Three aunts and six wives are the media of prostitution and theft; Beautiful girls and concubines are not the blessings of the boudoir. Don't be handsome for a servant, and don't make up for wives. Although the ancestors are far away, the sacrifice must be sincere; Although children and grandchildren are stupid, they must read classics. The life cycle is simple, and the godson should have an upright side. Don't covet unexpected wealth and don't drink too much. Trade with your shoulders, don't take advantage; When you see poor relatives and neighbors, you must warm your shirt. Mean marriage will not last long; Lun Chang is a good boy and will die soon. Brothers and uncles must decorate widows more; Young and old, both inside and outside, should be strict with themselves. Listen to the woman say, dear flesh and blood, is it a husband? If you value wealth and ignore your parents, you can't be the son of human beings. Marry a woman, choose a good husband, and do not seek re-employment; It's not too thick to marry a daughter-in-law and beg a lady. It is most shameful to see wealth and flattery; Being arrogant when you are poor is nothing more than meanness. If you quit fighting at home, the lawsuit will be fierce; Don't talk too much in life, you will suffer. Don't bully widows by force; Don't be greedy and kill birds. If you are eccentric, you will regret many mistakes; Laziness and self-indulgence are hard. If you are naughty, you will be bored for a long time; Qu Zhi is old, but if you are in a hurry, you can rely on each other. Listen to the speech lightly, be aware of unreasonable complaints, and think twice patiently; If you argue about something, you must think calmly. Don't forget to help without thinking. Leave room for everything and be proud of it. People are happy, not jealous; People should not be happy when they are in trouble. The good that you want to be seen by others is not true, and the evil that you are afraid of being known is the great evil. Seeing the color, I reported my wife and daughter; Hide resentment with arrows in the back, delaying future generations. Family harmony, although embarrassing, is also full of joy; The Chinese class ended in the morning, but there was nothing left. I was complacent. Reading is aimed at sages, not disciples; If you are an official, you will keep your country. Keep quiet and listen to the weather forecast. If you do this, you will be very close.
other
Good heart and good life, rich and old. Life is not smooth, and happiness becomes an ominous sign. A good heart and a bad life turn disasters into blessings. If you have a bad heart and a bad life, you will be miserable and poor. The heart can grasp life, and the most important thing is to be kind. Life is made by the heart, and good or bad luck is only called by people. If you believe in your life and don't cultivate your heart, yin and yang may be empty and positive. Heaven and earth protect themselves when you obey the orders of your mind.
7. Ancient classical Chinese, insert a green bamboo pole with red feathers and Yanling. Needless to say, the arrow is the meaning used by long soldiers. These words mean: insert an arrow into the head of a green bamboo pole, and decorate the other end with the beautiful feathers of a red goose. Don't say that this arrow is just a measured arrow, as long as it is used well, it is a powerful weapon.
arrow
Dynasty: Tang Author: Bai Juyi
You are worried about your job, but you are afraid that your arrow is not good.
If you are good at it, you will succeed.
Insert a green bamboo pole with red feathers.
Don't say you are measured, you are a long soldier for use.
People who smell dog thieves sneak around day and night.
You can't shoot clearly at night by rubbing an arrow with a bow.
When thieves bleed, dogs bark together.
The host was surprised at this embarrassment.
Thieves hate the Lord, and the Lord doesn't know.
If you blame someone too much, you will be sued.
If you send a message to control the string, I hope you will stay and listen less.
Why not shoot the west? There are wolves in the west.
Why not shoot east? There are fin whales in the East China Sea.
Otherwise, learning benevolence is expensive, and three arrows are flat.
Otherwise, you should learn from Zhonglian and go to Yancheng immediately.
Hu Weiwei shooting a thief is nothing more than light.
There is only a little blood, and the empty and dirty arrows stink.
8. Ancient prose, classical Chinese, seeking explanation, strange section "Zi Tongzhi Jian" does not write strange sections, but those strange sections in the past historical materials, such as "Shangshan No.4" wing Chu Jun, Qu Yuan sinking the Miluo River, Yan Guangzu adding Guangwu belly, are missing and not recorded.
Strange festivals mean: strange moral integrity.
This is a classic Chinese word. In ancient Chinese, it is often used to describe literati, gentlemen and scholars. take for example
Historical Records Xiao Shijia: "Why is Xiao a knife and pen official in Qin Dynasty? There are no strange festivals. "
Su Song's "Interview with Han Taiwei": "At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the scholar-officials were deviant and did not follow the right path."
Gao Xu's "Chivalrous Man": "Deep and good at reading, few and small."
Gao's Cao Zhangshu
If you don't hold the Yunshan bone, you will become a heart of stone.
Natural wonder, high ink.
Li Shen's "Ode to the Han Dynasty": Ye Youren's elegant taste, a strange festival for a gentleman.
9. Both Zheng Wenzhen and Wei Zhi, translators of classical Chinese, can't afford to get sick. Too sectarian people go to inquire, give him medicine bait, and people who send medicine are in an endless stream.
Ang Lee Yanyan, the corps commander, was also sent to stay in Wei Zhi's house and report any movement. Emperor Taizong took the prince to his residence and pointed to Princess Hengshan, hoping to marry her to Wei Shuyu, the son of Wei Zhi.
On the 17th of Chen Wu, Wei Zhi died, and Emperor Taizong ordered all the civil and military officials above grade 9 to attend the funeral, and gave a guard of honor and a feathered trumpeter to be buried in Zhaoling. Wei Zhi's wife said, "Wei Zhi usually lived a simple life, but now he decorated the national flag with bird feathers and buried it with the etiquette of a first-class official. This is not the will of the deceased. "
They refused, only covered the car with cloth and carried the coffin for burial. Emperor Taizong boarded the West Building of Forbidden Garden and looked at Wei Zhi's hearse and wept bitterly.
Emperor Taizong personally wrote inscriptions and tombstones. Emperor Taizong kept thinking about Wei Zhi and said to the ministers around him, "People can use copper as mirrors to arrange clothes and hats. Taking history as a mirror, we can observe the ups and downs of dynasties, compare people to a mirror, and know the gains and losses of our actions.
Wei Zhi died, and I lost a magic mirror. "。