Inorganic salts for wheat growth
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Experimental results:
Experiments show that inorganic salts needed for plant growth include not only basic carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), but also a variety of inorganic salts, such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), which are necessary for plant growth. In addition, the number of groups can be increased, and more inorganic salts can be compared, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S) and iron (Fe). Prove that plants need them, too Data: More than 70 chemiCal elements can be detected in plants, but only 16 internationally recognized essential nutrient elements are needed for the growth and development of higher plants, namely carbon (c), hydrogen (h), oxygen (o), nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p), potassium (k), calcium (ca) and magnesium (Mg). According to the demand of plants for them, they can be divided into macronutrients, macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrient elements include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; The medium nutrient elements are calcium, magnesium and sulfur; Trace elements include iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine. Now some scholars think that nickel (Ni) is 17.
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An essential nutrient element. According to the research, three conditions are determined to be essential nutrient elements for plants: ① This element should be necessary for vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants, and when it is completely lacking, plants cannot complete their life cycle; (2) The demand of plants for this element is specific and cannot be replaced by other elements. When it is deficient, plants will have special symptoms of deficiency. Only when this factor is met can the symptoms be eliminated; This element must play a direct role in plants, not just an indirect role in improving the growing environment of plants. Nutrient elements required for flower growth and development: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (1). Nitrogen nutrition of flowers: nitrogen is necessary for plant growth and development, although the total amount of nitrogen in plants is usually not too high, such as 1.0-2.0% for the whole rice plant. Plants are plants with high nitrogen content, and the nitrogen content in plant leaves accounts for about 3.5-5.0% of their dry weight. Nitrogen is mainly absorbed in the form of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and some small molecular organic nitrogen such as urea can also be absorbed and utilized by plants. Nitrogen is the main component of protein, accounting for about 16- 18% of protein. Both cytoplasm and nucleus contain protein. All the enzymes are also based on protein. In addition, nucleic acids, phospholipids, chlorophyll, coenzyme and other compounds all contain nitrogen; Some plant hormones such as auxin, kinetin and vitamins (such as B 1, B2, B3 and PP) also contain nitrogen. Therefore, nitrogen plays a primary role in plant life, so nitrogen is also called life element. ⑵ Phosphorus in flowers is also an essential nutrient element for plant growth and development. The phosphorus content of general plants is 1-8%. Plants absorb more phosphorus from flower bud differentiation stage to flowering stage, so it is necessary to apply more phosphorus fertilizer before flower bud differentiation stage. When the soil temperature is low, the available phosphorus content in the soil is low, so phosphate fertilizer should be added; Proper application of phosphate fertilizer after autumn can improve the cold resistance of plants and increase the root system.
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Number of tillers and stems. Phosphorus is mainly absorbed in the form of HPO42- and H2PO4-. Phosphorus participates in the composition of nucleic acids, nucleotides, phospholipids and some coenzymes, so it is the main component of cytoplasm and nucleus. Phosphorus participates in many metabolic processes, such as glycolysis. ⑶ Potassium in flowers is one of the three major factors of plant growth and development, and the content of potassium in soil is rich, so people have paid insufficient attention to the application of potassium fertilizer for a long time. In recent years, due to the extensive use of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, the demand for potassium fertilizer is also increasing. Potassium exists in organism in free or adsorbed state, which can activate many enzymes in plants.